Modal verbs in the Kazakh language are words that in essence translate to “can”, “must”, and “need to”. They modify the verb they accompany in the same way that their equivalent in English does. The modal verbs are integral to Kazakh grammar as they express the mood or attitude of the speaker. Learning these will help grow your understanding of context and inflection in the Kazakh language.
Exercise 1: Fill in the blank with the correct modal verb.
1. Men *bolady* (can) sagat ustelinde jatamyn.
2. Ol *bolmasa* (can’t) auylyq kirgeruda.
3. Sen *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) kitap okugan waqytty ushin alganyny algys tap.
4. Biz *bolady* (can) birge jatman.
5. Olar *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) muzga bar.
6. Sen *bolmady* (couldn’t) menimen korisedi.
7. Men *bolmady* (couldn’t) tĂşrli orindaymen.
8. Biz *bolmady* (couldn’t) текseru orindi tostan.
9. Ol *bolmasa* (can’t) auylyq kirgeruda.
10. Olar *bolady* (can) Gazet oky.
11. Biz *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) jaratady zhasyl.
12. Men *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) kitap okugan waqytty ushin alganyny algys tap.
13. Ol *bolady* (can) auylyq kirgeruda.
14. Olar *bolady* (can) maqsat otyrgy.
15. Sen *bolmady* (couldn’t) ui otyrgy.
2. Ol *bolmasa* (can’t) auylyq kirgeruda.
3. Sen *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) kitap okugan waqytty ushin alganyny algys tap.
4. Biz *bolady* (can) birge jatman.
5. Olar *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) muzga bar.
6. Sen *bolmady* (couldn’t) menimen korisedi.
7. Men *bolmady* (couldn’t) tĂşrli orindaymen.
8. Biz *bolmady* (couldn’t) текseru orindi tostan.
9. Ol *bolmasa* (can’t) auylyq kirgeruda.
10. Olar *bolady* (can) Gazet oky.
11. Biz *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) jaratady zhasyl.
12. Men *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) kitap okugan waqytty ushin alganyny algys tap.
13. Ol *bolady* (can) auylyq kirgeruda.
14. Olar *bolady* (can) maqsat otyrgy.
15. Sen *bolmady* (couldn’t) ui otyrgy.
Exercise 2: Use the correct modal verb to complete the sentence.
1. Men *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) zhĂşrgenemin juie.
2. Ol *bolady* (can) sanau zertteu.
3. Sen *bolmady* (couldn’t) ui salu uchun sabaqtardy otyru.
4. Biz *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) bui uchun alganyny algys tap.
5. Olar *bolady* (can) oku zharyk.
6. Men *bolmady* (couldn’t) uiaqtan almani.
7. Ol *bolady* (can) kitap okugan waqytty ushin alganyny algys tap.
8. Sen *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) oi otyrgy uchun alganyny algys tap.
9. Biz *bolmady* (couldn’t) bui uchun alganyny algys tap.
10. Olar *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) sagat ustelinde jatady.
11. Men *bolady* (can) kitap okugan waqytty ushin alganyny algys tap.
12. Sen *bolmady* (couldn’t) ui otyrgy uchun alganyny algys tap.
13. Biz *bolmasa* (can’t) sagat ustelinde jatady.
14. Olar *bolmady* (couldn’t) auylyq kirgeruda.
15. Sen *bolmasa* (can’t) kitap okugan waqytty ushin alganyny algys tap.
2. Ol *bolady* (can) sanau zertteu.
3. Sen *bolmady* (couldn’t) ui salu uchun sabaqtardy otyru.
4. Biz *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) bui uchun alganyny algys tap.
5. Olar *bolady* (can) oku zharyk.
6. Men *bolmady* (couldn’t) uiaqtan almani.
7. Ol *bolady* (can) kitap okugan waqytty ushin alganyny algys tap.
8. Sen *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) oi otyrgy uchun alganyny algys tap.
9. Biz *bolmady* (couldn’t) bui uchun alganyny algys tap.
10. Olar *bolmaydy* (mustn’t) sagat ustelinde jatady.
11. Men *bolady* (can) kitap okugan waqytty ushin alganyny algys tap.
12. Sen *bolmady* (couldn’t) ui otyrgy uchun alganyny algys tap.
13. Biz *bolmasa* (can’t) sagat ustelinde jatady.
14. Olar *bolmady* (couldn’t) auylyq kirgeruda.
15. Sen *bolmasa* (can’t) kitap okugan waqytty ushin alganyny algys tap.
