What is an Infinitive?
An infinitive is the base form of a verb, often translated as “to do” something in English (e.g., to eat, to go, to write). In Marathi, infinitives are used to express purpose, intent, or as verbal nouns. Recognizing and using infinitives correctly is essential for constructing proper sentences in Marathi.
How Are Infinitives Formed in Marathi?
In Marathi, infinitives are formed by adding the suffix -णे (pronounced “-ṇe”) to the verb root. For example:
- खाणे (khāṇe) – to eat
- जाणे (jāṇe) – to go
- वाचणे (vāchaṇe) – to read
- लिहिणे (lihiṇe) – to write
The root of the verb is usually obtained by removing the present tense ending from the verb and then adding -णे.
Using Infinitives as the Object of Another Verb
One of the most common uses of infinitives in Marathi is as the object of another verb. For example, when expressing desires, intentions, or abilities:
- मला शिकायचे आहे. (Malā shikāyache āhe.) – I want to learn.
- तुला जेवायचे आहे का? (Tulā jevāyache āhe kā?) – Do you want to eat?
Here, the infinitive form of the verb (शिकायचे, जेवायचे) follows the subject and indicates the action that is desired or intended.
Infinitives to Express Purpose
Infinitives are often used to answer the question “Why?” or “For what purpose?” in Marathi. This is similar to the English usage of “in order to”.
- तो शिकण्यासाठी शाळेत जातो. (To shikaṇyāsāṭhī shāḷet jāto.) – He goes to school to learn.
- मी पाहण्यासाठी आलो आहे. (Mī pāhaṇyāsāṭhī ālo āhe.) – I have come to see.
Note the construction: verb root + -ण्यासाठी (for the purpose of doing).
Infinitives as Verbal Nouns
Marathi infinitives can also function as verbal nouns, meaning they can act as the subject or object of a sentence. For example:
- वाचणे चांगले आहे. (Vāchaṇe chāṅgle āhe.) – Reading is good.
- पाहणे आवडते. (Pāhaṇe āvaḍate.) – Watching (something) is enjoyable.
In these cases, the infinitive form (वाचणे, पाहणे) is used as a noun.
Common Mistakes with Infinitives in Marathi
When learning Marathi, it’s easy to mix up conjugated verbs with their infinitive forms. Beginners sometimes use present tense forms instead of infinitives when expressing desires or intentions. Remember:
- Correct: मला जाणे आवडते. (Malā jāṇe āvaḍate.) – I like to go.
- Incorrect: मला जातो आवडते. (Malā jāto āvaḍate.)
Always ensure that you use the root + -णे form when you need an infinitive.
Practical Tips for Using Infinitives in Marathi Sentences
- Practice by listing common verbs and converting them to their infinitive forms.
- Try forming sentences where you express your likes, dislikes, desires, and intentions using infinitives.
- Listen to native Marathi speakers and pay attention to how they use infinitives in conversation.
- Use language learning platforms like Talkpal to practice and get feedback on your sentences.
Conclusion
Understanding and using infinitives correctly in Marathi is a key step towards mastering the language. Infinitives allow you to express intent, purpose, and preferences, making your conversations richer and more precise. Keep practicing, use resources like the Talkpal AI language learning blog, and soon you’ll find yourself using Marathi infinitives with confidence and ease.
