Learning a new language is a journey filled with intriguing discoveries, and Marathi is no exception. One aspect that often captivates language learners is quantitative vocabulary—the words and phrases used to express numbers, quantities, and measurements. Understanding how to use these terms correctly can significantly enhance your communication skills in Marathi. This article will take you through the essentials of quantitative vocabulary in the Marathi language, aiming to make this journey as informative and enjoyable as possible.
Numbers in Marathi
Numbers are the foundation of quantitative vocabulary. In Marathi, numbers are quite distinct from their English counterparts, but once you get the hang of them, they become second nature.
Basic Numbers (1-10)
Here are the Marathi words for the numbers one to ten:
1. One – एक (ek)
2. Two – दोन (don)
3. Three – तीन (teen)
4. Four – चार (chaar)
5. Five – पाच (paach)
6. Six – सहा (saha)
7. Seven – सात (saat)
8. Eight – आठ (aath)
9. Nine – नऊ (nau)
10. Ten – दहा (daha)
These basic numbers form the foundation for more complex numbers. For example, the number eleven is created by combining ten and one: अकरा (akra).
Numbers 11-20
11. Eleven – अकरा (akra)
12. Twelve – बारा (baara)
13. Thirteen – तेरा (tera)
14. Fourteen – चौदा (chauda)
15. Fifteen – पंधरा (pandhra)
16. Sixteen – सोळा (sola)
17. Seventeen – सतरा (satra)
18. Eighteen – अठरा (athra)
19. Nineteen – एकोणवीस (ekonavis)
20. Twenty – वीस (vis)
Understanding numbers up to twenty is crucial as they frequently appear in everyday conversations.
Numbers 21-100
Marathi numbers from 21 to 100 follow a similar pattern to those in English, although the words are different. Here are a few examples:
21. Twenty-one – एकविस (ekvis)
22. Twenty-two – बावीस (bavis)
30. Thirty – तीस (tis)
40. Forty – चाळीस (chalis)
50. Fifty – पन्नास (pannas)
60. Sixty – साठ (sath)
70. Seventy – सत्तर (sattar)
80. Eighty – ऐंशी (aenshi)
90. Ninety – नव्वद (navvad)
100. One hundred – शंभर (shambhar)
Numbers in Marathi are often used in compound forms, combining the basics with tens to form numbers like 33 (तेहेतीस – tehetis) or 57 (सत्तावन्न – sattavann).
Ordinal Numbers
Ordinal numbers indicate position or order. Here are the first ten ordinal numbers in Marathi:
1. First – पहिला (pahila)
2. Second – दुसरा (dusara)
3. Third – तिसरा (tisara)
4. Fourth – चौथा (chautha)
5. Fifth – पाचवा (pachava)
6. Sixth – सहावा (sahava)
7. Seventh – सातवा (satava)
8. Eighth – आठवा (athava)
9. Ninth – नववा (navava)
10. Tenth – दहावा (dahava)
Knowing ordinal numbers is essential when discussing dates, ranking, or sequences in Marathi.
Fractions and Decimals
In many situations, you may need to use fractions and decimals. Marathi has specific terms for these as well:
– Half – अर्धा (ardha)
– One-third – तृतीयांश (trutiyansh)
– One-fourth – चतुर्थांश (chaturthansh)
For decimals, the term for the decimal point is दशांश बिंदू (dashansh bindu). For example, 0.5 is said as शून्य दशांश पाच (shunya dashansh paach).
Measurements
Measurements are another crucial part of quantitative vocabulary. Whether you are discussing weight, length, or volume, understanding these terms is necessary for clear communication.
Length
– Millimeter – मिलीमीटर (milimeter)
– Centimeter – सेंटीमीटर (centimeter)
– Meter – मीटर (meter)
– Kilometer – किलोमीटर (kilometer)
Weight
– Gram – ग्राम (gram)
– Kilogram – किलोग्राम (kilogram)
– Ton – टन (ton)
Volume
– Milliliter – मिलीलीटर (mililiter)
– Liter – लिटर (liter)
– Cubic meter – घनमीटर (ghanmeter)
Time and Dates
Understanding how to tell time and speak about dates is another important aspect of quantitative vocabulary.
Time
Here are some essential terms related to time:
– Second – सेकंद (sekand)
– Minute – मिनिट (minit)
– Hour – तास (taas)
To ask what time it is, you can say, “किती वाजले?” (Kiti vajle?). To respond, you might say, “तीन वाजले आहेत” (Teen vajle aahet) meaning “It is three o’clock.”
Dates
For dates, you use ordinal numbers. For example:
– First of January – जानेवारी पहिला (Janewari pahila)
– Fifteenth of August – ऑगस्ट पंधरा (August pandhra)
Understanding how to use dates and time correctly will help you in daily activities, scheduling, and planning.
Quantifiers
Quantifiers are words that provide information about the amount of something. These can be specific (like one, two, three) or general (like many, few, some).
Specific Quantifiers
– One – एक (ek)
– Two – दोन (don)
– Three – तीन (teen)
General Quantifiers
– Many – अनेक (anek)
– Few – काही (kahi)
– Some – थोडे (thode)
Quantifiers are particularly useful when you want to be vague or when an exact number is not necessary.
Expressions of Frequency
Expressions of frequency tell us how often something happens. These terms are essential for describing routines and habits.
– Always – नेहमी (nehami)
– Often – अनेकदा (anekada)
– Sometimes – कधी कधी (kadhi kadhi)
– Rarely – क्वचित (kvachit)
– Never – कधीच नाही (kadhi ch nahi)
Using these expressions can help you accurately describe how often events occur.
Practical Applications
Now that you have a solid foundation in Marathi quantitative vocabulary, it’s time to look at some practical applications.
Shopping
When shopping, you might need to use numbers and measurements. For example:
– “किती किलो आहे?” (Kiti kilo aahe?) – How many kilograms?
– “दोन किलो सफरचंद द्या.” (Don kilo safarchand dya.) – Give me two kilograms of apples.
Travel
When traveling, you might need to ask about distances or times:
– “रेल्वे स्टेशन किती दूर आहे?” (Railway station kiti dur aahe?) – How far is the railway station?
– “बस किती वाजता आहे?” (Bus kiti vajta aahe?) – What time is the bus?
Cooking
In cooking, measurements are crucial:
– “एक कप पाणी घाला.” (Ek cup pani ghala.) – Add one cup of water.
– “दोन चमचे साखर घाला.” (Don chamche sakhar ghala.) – Add two spoons of sugar.
Tips for Learning Quantitative Vocabulary
Learning quantitative vocabulary can be challenging, but here are some tips to make it easier:
Practice Regularly
The more you practice, the better you will become. Try to incorporate new words into your daily conversations.
Use Flashcards
Flashcards can be a great way to memorize numbers and measurements. Write the Marathi word on one side and the English word on the other.
Engage with Native Speakers
Talking to native Marathi speakers will give you practical experience and help you understand how these terms are used in everyday life.
Watch Marathi Content
Watching Marathi movies, TV shows, or listening to Marathi songs can help reinforce your learning. Pay attention to how numbers and measurements are used.
Use Language Learning Apps
There are several language learning apps available that can help you practice Marathi quantitative vocabulary. These apps often include games and quizzes to make learning fun.
Conclusion
Mastering quantitative vocabulary in Marathi is a significant step toward achieving fluency. Whether you are discussing numbers, measurements, or quantities, these words and phrases are essential for effective communication. By practicing regularly and engaging with native speakers, you can become proficient in using these terms. Remember, the key to learning any language is consistency and practice. So, keep practicing and enjoy your journey toward mastering Marathi!
