Present Perfect Progressive in Vietnamese grammar precisely captures an action that has been ongoing into the present. However, Vietnamese people don’t often use tense forms, instead they use context and time markers. The closest equivalent is “đã đang” plus the verb, yet the native mostly prefers past continuous “đã” plus the verb or using present continuous without any conjunction.The Past Perfect Progressive in Vietnamese Grammar basically communicates an ongoing action that occurred and ended sometime in the past before another past event. Vietnamese does not use tense forms, but instead relies on context and time markers. The nearest equivalent would be “đã từng đang” plus the verb, albeit it is rarely used by natives.