Common Nouns
Nouns are the building blocks of any language, and Urdu is no different. Here are some common nouns that you should know:
1. کتاب (Kitaab) – Book
– Example: میں کتاب پڑھ رہا ہوں۔
– Translation: I am reading a book.
2. گھر (Ghar) – House
– Example: میرا گھر بہت خوبصورت ہے۔
– Translation: My house is very beautiful.
3. دوست (Dost) – Friend
– Example: میرے دوست کا نام علی ہے۔
– Translation: My friend’s name is Ali.
4. سکول (School) – School
– Example: بچے سکول جا رہے ہیں۔
– Translation: The children are going to school.
5. بازار (Bazaar) – Market
– Example: میں بازار سے سبزی خریدوں گا۔
– Translation: I will buy vegetables from the market.
Common Verbs
Verbs are essential for expressing actions, states, and occurrences. Here are some common verbs that you should know:
1. کرنا (Karna) – To do
– Example: میں کام کر رہا ہوں۔
– Translation: I am working.
2. کھانا (Khana) – To eat
– Example: کیا تم نے کھانا کھایا؟
– Translation: Have you eaten?
3. پینا (Peena) – To drink
– Example: میں پانی پی رہا ہوں۔
– Translation: I am drinking water.
4. لکھنا (Likhna) – To write
– Example: وہ خط لکھ رہا ہے۔
– Translation: He is writing a letter.
5. پڑھنا (Parhna) – To read / To study
– Example: میں اردو پڑھ رہا ہوں۔
– Translation: I am studying Urdu.
Adjectives
Adjectives are used to describe or modify nouns and pronouns. Here are some common adjectives that you should know:
1. اچھا (Achha) – Good
– Example: یہ کتاب بہت اچھی ہے۔
– Translation: This book is very good.
2. بڑا (Bara) – Big
– Example: میرا گھر بہت بڑا ہے۔
– Translation: My house is very big.
3. چھوٹا (Chhota) – Small
– Example: یہ پنسل بہت چھوٹی ہے۔
– Translation: This pencil is very small.
4. خوبصورت (Khoobsurat) – Beautiful
– Example: یہ باغ بہت خوبصورت ہے۔
– Translation: This garden is very beautiful.
5. مہنگا (Mehnga) – Expensive
– Example: یہ کپڑے بہت مہنگے ہیں۔
– Translation: These clothes are very expensive.
Pronouns
Pronouns are used in place of nouns to avoid repetition. Here are some common pronouns that you should know:
1. میں (Main) – I
– Example: میں جا رہا ہوں۔
– Translation: I am going.
2. آپ (Aap) – You (formal)
– Example: آپ کیسے ہیں؟
– Translation: How are you?
3. تم (Tum) – You (informal)
– Example: تم کہاں جا رہے ہو؟
– Translation: Where are you going?
4. وہ (Woh) – He/She/It
– Example: وہ سکول جا رہا ہے۔
– Translation: He is going to school.
5. ہم (Hum) – We
– Example: ہم کھیل رہے ہیں۔
– Translation: We are playing.
Common Phrases and Expressions
Phrases and expressions are crucial for daily communication. Here are some common ones that you should know:
1. السلام علیکم (Assalamu Alaikum) – Peace be upon you (Hello)
– Response: وعلیکم السلام (Wa Alaikum Assalam) – And peace be upon you.
2. شکریہ (Shukriya) – Thank you
– Example: آپ کا شکریہ۔
– Translation: Thank you.
3. براہ کرم (Barah-e-Karam) – Please
– Example: براہ کرم دروازہ بند کریں۔
– Translation: Please close the door.
4. معاف کرنا (Maaf Karna) – Sorry
– Example: مجھے معاف کریں۔
– Translation: Forgive me.
5. کیا وقت ہے؟ (Kya Waqt Hai?) – What time is it?
– Example: کیا وقت ہے؟
– Translation: What time is it?
Prepositions
Prepositions are used to indicate relationships between different elements in a sentence. Here are some common prepositions that you should know:
1. میں (Mein) – In
– Example: میں کمرے میں ہوں۔
– Translation: I am in the room.
2. پر (Par) – On
– Example: کتاب میز پر ہے۔
– Translation: The book is on the table.
3. کے ساتھ (Ke Saath) – With
– Example: میں اپنے دوست کے ساتھ جا رہا ہوں۔
– Translation: I am going with my friend.
4. کے بعد (Ke Baad) – After
– Example: کھانے کے بعد ہم چائے پیتے ہیں۔
– Translation: After eating, we drink tea.
5. کے نیچے (Ke Neeche) – Under
– Example: بلی میز کے نیچے ہے۔
– Translation: The cat is under the table.
Conjunctions
Conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases, or clauses. Here are some common conjunctions that you should know:
1. اور (Aur) – And
– Example: میں چائے اور کافی دونوں پسند کرتا ہوں۔
– Translation: I like both tea and coffee.
2. لیکن (Lekin) – But
– Example: میں جانا چاہتا ہوں لیکن وقت نہیں ہے۔
– Translation: I want to go, but I don’t have time.
3. کیونکہ (Kyunke) – Because
– Example: میں نہیں آیا کیونکہ میں بیمار تھا۔
– Translation: I didn’t come because I was sick.
4. یا (Ya) – Or
– Example: آپ چائے یا کافی چاہیں گے؟
– Translation: Do you want tea or coffee?
5. اگر (Agar) – If
– Example: اگر آپ آئیں گے تو ہم خوش ہوں گے۔
– Translation: If you come, we will be happy.
Numbers
Numbers are essential for various aspects of daily life, such as telling time, shopping, and more. Here are the numbers from 1 to 10 in Urdu:
1. ایک (Aik) – One
2. دو (Do) – Two
3. تین (Teen) – Three
4. چار (Chaar) – Four
5. پانچ (Paanch) – Five
6. چھ (Chheh) – Six
7. سات (Saat) – Seven
8. آٹھ (Aath) – Eight
9. نو (Nau) – Nine
10. دس (Das) – Ten
Days of the Week
Knowing the days of the week is crucial for scheduling and understanding time-related conversations. Here are the days of the week in Urdu:
1. پیر (Peer) – Monday
2. منگل (Mangal) – Tuesday
3. بدھ (Budh) – Wednesday
4. جمعرات (Jumeraat) – Thursday
5. جمعہ (Jumma) – Friday
6. ہفتہ (Hafta) – Saturday
7. اتوار (Itwaar) – Sunday
Colors
Colors are often used to describe objects, clothing, and more. Here are some common colors in Urdu:
1. سرخ (Surkh) – Red
2. نیلا (Neela) – Blue
3. سبز (Sabz) – Green
4. پیلا (Peela) – Yellow
5. سفید (Safed) – White
6. کالا (Kala) – Black
7. بھورا (Bhoora) – Brown
8. گلابی (Gulabi) – Pink
9. جامنی (Jamni) – Purple
10. نارنجی (Naranji) – Orange
Food and Drink
Food and drink are integral parts of daily life, and knowing the relevant vocabulary is essential. Here are some common food and drink items in Urdu:
1. روٹی (Roti) – Bread
2. چاول (Chawal) – Rice
3. دال (Daal) – Lentils
4. سبزی (Sabzi) – Vegetable
5. گوشت (Gosht) – Meat
6. پانی (Pani) – Water
7. چائے (Chai) – Tea
8. دودھ (Doodh) – Milk
9. جوس (Juice) – Juice
10. پھل (Phal) – Fruit
Family Members
Discussing family is a common topic in conversations. Here are the names of some family members in Urdu:
1. ماں (Maan) – Mother
2. باپ (Baap) – Father
3. بھائی (Bhai) – Brother
4. بہن (Behen) – Sister
5. دادا (Dada) – Grandfather (Paternal)
6. دادی (Dadi) – Grandmother (Paternal)
7. نانا (Nana) – Grandfather (Maternal)
8. نانی (Nani) – Grandmother (Maternal)
9. بیٹا (Beta) – Son
10. بیٹی (Beti) – Daughter
Body Parts
Knowing the names of body parts is useful in various situations, such as visiting a doctor. Here are some common body parts in Urdu:
1. سر (Sar) – Head
2. آنکھ (Aankh) – Eye
3. ناک (Naak) – Nose
4. کان (Kaan) – Ear
5. منہ (Munh) – Mouth
6. ہاتھ (Haath) – Hand
7. پیر (Pair) – Foot
8. دل (Dil) – Heart
9. پیٹ (Pait) – Stomach
10. ٹانگ (Taang) – Leg
Weather
Talking about the weather is a common icebreaker. Here are some weather-related words in Urdu:
1. موسم (Mausam) – Weather
2. گرمی (Garmi) – Heat / Hot
– Example: آج بہت گرمی ہے۔
– Translation: It is very hot today.
3. سردی (Sardi) – Cold
– Example: آج بہت سردی ہے۔
– Translation: It is very cold today.
4. بارش (Barish) – Rain
– Example: بارش ہو رہی ہے۔
– Translation: It is raining.
5. برف (Baraf) – Snow
– Example: پہاڑوں پر برف پڑ رہی ہے۔
– Translation: It is snowing on the mountains.
6. دھوپ (Dhoop) – Sunshine
– Example: آج دھوپ نکلی ہوئی ہے۔
– Translation: It is sunny today.
Transportation
Knowing transportation-related vocabulary is essential for navigating through different places. Here are some common transportation words in Urdu:
1. گاڑی (Gaari) – Car
2. بس (Bus) – Bus
3. ٹرین (Train) – Train
4. جہاز (Jahaaz) – Airplane
5. موٹر سائیکل (Motorcycle) – Motorcycle
6. کشتی (Kashti) – Boat
7. سائیکل (Cycle) – Bicycle
8. رکشہ (Rickshaw) – Rickshaw
9. ٹیکسی (Taxi) – Taxi
10. جہاز (Jahaaz) – Ship
Shopping
Shopping is a common activity, and knowing the relevant vocabulary can make the experience smoother. Here are some common shopping-related words in Urdu:
1. قیمت (Qeemat) – Price
2. پیسے (Paise) – Money
3. دوکان (Dukaan) – Shop
4. خریدنا (Khareedna) – To buy
5. فروخت کرنا (Froht Karna) – To sell
6. رعایت (Riyat) – Discount
7. رسید (Raseed) – Receipt
8. دکان دار (Dukaan Daar) – Shopkeeper
9. گاہک (Gahak) – Customer
10. بازار (Bazaar) – Market
Health and Medicine
When discussing health or visiting a doctor, knowing the relevant vocabulary is crucial. Here are some health and medicine-related words in Urdu:
1. ڈاکٹر (Doctor) – Doctor
2. نرس (Nurse) – Nurse
3. دوائی (Dawai) – Medicine
4. ہسپتال (Hospital) – Hospital
5. بیمار (Beemar) – Sick
6. صحت (Sehat) – Health
7. بخار (Bukhaar) – Fever
8. درد (Dard) – Pain
9. زخم (Zakham) – Wound
10. علاج (Ilaaj) – Treatment
Emergency Phrases
In case of emergencies, knowing specific phrases can be life-saving. Here are some emergency phrases in Urdu:
1. مدد کریں! (Madad Karein!) – Help!
2. پولیس کو بلائیں (Police Ko Bulayein) – Call the police
3. آگ لگ گئی ہے (Aag Lag Gayi Hai) – There’s a fire
4. مجھے ڈاکٹر کی ضرورت ہے (Mujhe Doctor Ki Zaroorat Hai) – I need a doctor
5. میں کھو گیا ہوں (Main Kho Gaya Hoon) – I am lost
Learning these words and phrases will significantly enhance your ability to communicate in Urdu at an A2 level. Practice using them in sentences and conversations to make them a natural part of your vocabulary. Remember, the key to language learning is consistent practice and exposure. Good luck, and happy learning!
