Categories of Adverbs of Time

Adverbs of time in Kannada can be categorized into three main groups:

1. Definite Adverbs of Time: As the name implies, these adverbs provide specific information about the time an event takes place. Examples include ಇವತ್ತು (ivattu – today), ನಿನ್ನೆ (ninne – yesterday), and ನಾಳೆ (naale – tomorrow).

2. Indefinite Adverbs of Time: Rather than specifying exact timeframes, indefinite adverbs provide a more general sense of when an action or event occurs. These adverbs include ಸದಾ (sada – always), ಮತ್ತೆ (matte – again), and ಹಲವು ಸಲ (halavu sala – several times).

3. Adverbs of Frequency: As the name suggests, these adverbs describe the frequency of an event or action. Examples are ಹೆಚ್ಚು (hecchu – often), ಕೆಲವೊಮ್ಮೆ (kelavomme – sometimes), and ಯಾವಾಗಲೂ (yavaagaluu – always).

Using Adverbs of Time in Sentences

Correct usage of adverbs of time in Kannada grammar is crucial for conveying the intended meaning. Here is how we can use different types of adverbs of time in sentences:

Definite Adverbs of Time:

ಅವರು ಇವತ್ತು ಬಂದರು (Avaru ivattu bandaru) – They came today.
ನಾನು ನಿನ್ನೆ ಅಲ್ಲಿಗೆ ಹೋದೆ (Naanu ninne allige hode) – I went there yesterday.
ನಾವು ನಾಳೆ ಸಿನಿಮಾಗೆ ಹೋಗೋಣ (Naavu naale sinimaage hogona) – We will go to the movies tomorrow.

Indefinite Adverbs of Time:

ಅವರು ಸದಾ ನಗುತ್ತಾರೆ (Avaru sada naguttaare) – They always smile.
ನಾನು ಮತ್ತೆ ಅದನ್ನ ಮಾಡಲಿಲ್ಲ (Naanu matte adanna maadlilla) – I did not do it again.
ಅವರು ಹಲವು ಸಲ ಪ್ರಯತ್ನ ಮಾಡಿದರು (Avaru halavu sala prayatna maadidaru) – They tried several times.

Adverbs of Frequency:

ನಾನು ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಪ್ರಯಾಸ ಮಾಡುತ್ತೇನೆ (Naanu hecchu prayaasa maaduttene) – I try often.
ನಾವು ಕೆಲವೊಮ್ಮೆ ಇಲ್ಲಿಗೆ ಬರುತ್ತೇವೆ (Naavu kelavomme illige Barutteve) – We sometimes come here.
ಅವರು ಯಾವಾಗಲೂ ಒಟ್ಟಾಗಿದ್ದಾರೆ (Avaru yavagalu ottagi iddaare) – They are always together.

Conclusion

Mastering the use of adverbs of time in Kannada grammar is necessary for constructing meaningful sentences and effectively expressing time-related information. By understanding the different categories of adverbs of time and applying them correctly in sentences, one can enhance their written and spoken communication in the Kannada language.