开朗 (kāi lǎng)
This word is used to describe someone who is cheerful and outgoing. People with a 开朗 personality are typically sociable and optimistic.

他总是笑咪咪的，非常开朗。

内向 (nèi xiàng)
The opposite of 开朗, 内向 is used to describe someone who is introverted or shy. An 内向 person might prefer spending time alone or may feel more reserved around others.

她说话不多，是个内向的人。

聪明 (cōng míng)
When you describe someone as 聪明, you’re saying they are intelligent or clever. A 聪明 person learns quickly and often comes up with smart solutions to problems.

我哥哥学习得很快，他很聪明。

勤奋 (qín fèn)
Hardworking and diligent people are described as 勤奋. A 勤奋 individual is persistent in their efforts and often puts in a lot of work to achieve their goals.

他每天早起，勤奋学习。

幽默 (yōu mò)
To be 幽默 means to have a good sense of humor. Someone who is 幽默 can make others laugh and tends to see the lighter side of life.

我爸爸很会讲笑话，他很幽默。

乐观 (lè guān)
This describes someone with a positive outlook on life. A 乐观 person always expects the best possible outcome and remains hopeful even in hard times.

尽管遇到困难，他总是乐观的。

悲观 (bēi guān)
The opposite of 乐观, 悲观 describes someone who tends to see the worst aspect of things or believes that the bad outcome is inevitable.

他对未来总是持悲观态度。

独立 (dú lì)
An individual who is independent and self-reliant is described as 独立. They prefer to rely on their own abilities and make their own decisions without seeking others’ approval or support.

她喜欢独自旅行，是个很独立的女生。

害羞 (hài xiū)
A person who is easily embarrassed and tends to be timid, especially in social situations, is considered 害羞.

他在新同学面前不说话，有点害羞。

自信 (zì xìn)
A 自信 person has a strong belief in their own abilities. These individuals are confident and sure of themselves.

无论做什么，他都非常自信。

谦虚 (qiān xū)
Humility and modesty are key characteristics of a 谦虚 personality. A 谦虚 person does not boast about their achievements and often downplays their own abilities.

尽管他很成功，但他说话总是很谦虚。

By integrating these words into your vocabulary, you’ll be well-equipped to articulate a variety of personality traits in Mandarin Chinese. Remember, context, and cultural nuances are important in language acquisition, so the more you practice with native speakers, the better you’ll grasp the essence of these terms. Keep learning and adding new words to your repertoire, and you’ll be describing personalities like a pro in no time!