Learning Welsh is a rewarding journey that brings you closer to understanding the rich culture and history of Wales. As an intermediate learner, expanding your vocabulary is essential for improving your fluency and comprehension. In this article, we’ll explore a variety of Welsh words that are particularly useful for intermediate learners. These words will help you express yourself more clearly and understand more complex conversations.

Nouns

Nouns are the building blocks of any language. Here are some Welsh nouns that are particularly useful for intermediate learners:

Tywydd – Weather
Understanding the weather is crucial when living in or visiting Wales, known for its unpredictable climate. “Tywydd” is a term you’ll hear often in daily conversations.

Cyfieithu – Translation
As an intermediate learner, you might find yourself translating texts from English to Welsh. “Cyfieithu” is a useful word to know in this context.

Diwylliant – Culture
Wales has a rich cultural heritage. Knowing the word “diwylliant” will help you discuss various aspects of Welsh culture, from music to traditions.

Gwaith – Work
Whether you’re talking about your job or schoolwork, “gwaith” is an essential noun for discussing daily activities.

Teulu – Family
Family is an important aspect of life in Wales. “Teulu” is a fundamental noun for talking about your relatives and loved ones.

Verbs

Verbs are essential for expressing actions, thoughts, and feelings. Here are some intermediate-level Welsh verbs:

Darllen – To read
As you progress in your Welsh studies, you’ll be reading more complex texts. “Darllen” is a verb you’ll frequently use.

Ysgrifennu – To write
Whether you’re writing essays, emails, or diary entries in Welsh, “ysgrifennu” is a crucial verb to know.

Gwrando – To listen
Listening is a key skill in language learning. “Gwrando” will help you discuss your listening activities and improve your comprehension.

Siarad – To speak
As an intermediate learner, you’re likely engaging in more conversations. “Siarad” is a verb you’ll use often when talking about speaking practices.

Deall – To understand
Understanding is at the core of language learning. “Deall” is a verb that will help you express your comprehension of various topics.

Adjectives

Adjectives are crucial for adding detail and emotion to your sentences. Here are some useful Welsh adjectives for intermediate learners:

Prydferth – Beautiful
Wales is known for its stunning landscapes and historic sites. “Prydferth” is an adjective you’ll use to describe these beautiful scenes.

Hapus – Happy
Expressing emotions is an important part of any language. “Hapus” is a key adjective for talking about joy and happiness.

Trist – Sad
Just as important as expressing happiness, “trist” will help you discuss feelings of sadness or disappointment.

Blinedig – Tired
Life can be exhausting, and “blinedig” is a useful adjective for describing feelings of fatigue.

Cyffrous – Exciting
Wales offers many exciting experiences, from festivals to outdoor adventures. “Cyffrous” is an adjective that will help you describe these thrilling events.

Adverbs

Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs, providing additional detail and context. Here are some Welsh adverbs that intermediate learners should know:

Yn gyflym – Quickly
“Yn gyflym” is an adverb that will help you describe actions done at a fast pace.

Yn araf – Slowly
Conversely, “yn araf” is useful for describing actions that occur at a slower pace.

Yn aml – Often
Frequency is an important aspect of daily life. “Yn aml” will help you talk about how often you do certain activities.

Yn anaml – Rarely
On the flip side, “yn anaml” is useful for discussing activities you do infrequently.

Yn hapus – Happily
Adding emotion to your actions can provide greater context. “Yn hapus” is an adverb that helps you express joy in your activities.

Prepositions

Prepositions are small but mighty words that show relationships between different elements in a sentence. Here are some Welsh prepositions that intermediate learners should master:

Ar – On
“Ar” is a versatile preposition used to describe placement or time.

Yn – In
“Yn” is essential for discussing locations and states of being.

O – From
“O” is useful for talking about origins and sources.

Gyda – With
“Gyda” helps you discuss companionship and tools.

I – To
“I” is crucial for indicating direction and purpose.

Conjunctions

Conjunctions are words that link clauses or sentences. Here are some Welsh conjunctions that will help you create more complex sentences:

A – And
“A” is a basic but essential conjunction for linking similar ideas.

Ond – But
“Ond” is useful for introducing contrast in your sentences.

Neu – Or
“Neu” helps you present alternatives and options.

Felly – Therefore
“Felly” is a conjunction that helps you show cause and effect.

Er bod – Although
“Er bod” is useful for introducing contrasting clauses.

Common Phrases

Learning common phrases can greatly enhance your conversational skills. Here are some phrases that are particularly useful for intermediate learners:

Sut wyt ti? – How are you?
This is a basic yet essential phrase for starting conversations.

Dw i’n hoffi… – I like…
Expressing your likes and dislikes is crucial in any language. This phrase is a great way to start.

Mae’n ddrwg gen i – I’m sorry
Apologizing is an important social skill. This phrase will help you navigate various social situations.

Dw i ddim yn deall – I don’t understand
This phrase is useful for clarifying misunderstandings and ensuring clear communication.

Ble mae’r toiled? – Where is the toilet?
Practical phrases like this are essential for daily life and travel.

Numbers

Numbers are fundamental in any language. Here are the Welsh numbers from one to ten, along with some other useful numerical terms:

Un – One
Dau – Two
Tri – Three
Pedwar – Four
Pump – Five
Chwech – Six
Saith – Seven
Wyth – Eight
Naw – Nine
Deg – Ten

Can – Hundred
Mil – Thousand

Days of the Week

Knowing the days of the week is essential for planning and scheduling. Here are the Welsh days of the week:

Dydd Llun – Monday
Dydd Mawrth – Tuesday
Dydd Mercher – Wednesday
Dydd Iau – Thursday
Dydd Gwener – Friday
Dydd Sadwrn – Saturday
Dydd Sul – Sunday

Months of the Year

Knowing the months of the year is equally important. Here are the Welsh months:

Ionawr – January
Chwefror – February
Mawrth – March
Ebrill – April
Mai – May
Mehefin – June
Gorffennaf – July
Awst – August
Medi – September
Hydref – October
Tachwedd – November
Rhagfyr – December

Colors

Colors are a fun and useful aspect of vocabulary. Here are some Welsh colors:

Coch – Red
Glas – Blue
Gwyrdd – Green
Melyn – Yellow
Du – Black
Gwyn – White
Llwyd – Grey
Oren – Orange

Body Parts

Knowing body parts can be particularly useful in various contexts, such as medical situations. Here are some Welsh words for body parts:

Pen – Head
Wyneb – Face
Llygaid – Eyes
Clustiau – Ears
Trwyn – Nose
Genau – Mouth
Brechiau – Arms
Dwylo – Hands
Coesau – Legs
Traed – Feet

Food and Drink

Discussing food and drink is a common topic in any language. Here are some Welsh words related to food and drink:

Bara – Bread
Caws – Cheese
Gwin – Wine
Chwisgi – Whisky
Te – Tea
Coffi – Coffee
Afal – Apple
Grawnwin – Grapes
Pysgod – Fish
Cig – Meat

Nature

Wales is renowned for its beautiful natural landscapes. Here are some Welsh words related to nature:

Llyn – Lake
Coedwig – Forest
Afon – River
Traeth – Beach
Mynydd – Mountain
Dyffryn – Valley
Haf – Summer
Gaeaf – Winter
Gwanwyn – Spring
Hydref – Autumn

Transportation

Getting around is an essential part of daily life. Here are some Welsh words related to transportation:

Trên – Train
Bws – Bus
Car – Car
Beic – Bike
Awyren – Airplane
Fferi – Ferry
Tacsi – Taxi
Gorsaf – Station
Rheilffordd – Railway
Hedfan – To fly

Technology

In today’s digital age, knowing technology-related vocabulary is crucial. Here are some Welsh words related to technology:

Cyfrifiadur – Computer
Ffôn – Phone
Rhyngrwyd – Internet
E-bost – Email
Gwefan – Website
Cymdeithasol – Social (as in social media)
Ap – App
Fideo – Video
Hapchwarae – Game (as in video game)
Meddalwedd – Software

Health

Discussing health is essential, especially in emergencies. Here are some Welsh words related to health:

Meddyg – Doctor
Nyrs – Nurse
Achos – Case (medical case)
Clefyd – Disease
Meddiant – Medicine
Ysbyty – Hospital
Claf – Patient
Gofal – Care
Salwch – Illness
Lles – Well-being

Expanding your Welsh vocabulary to include these words will significantly enhance your ability to communicate effectively. Practice using these words in sentences, and try to incorporate them into your daily conversations. Remember, language learning is a journey, and every new word you learn brings you one step closer to fluency. Happy learning!