Welsh cuisine offers a delightful array of traditional dishes, each requiring a unique set of ingredients and cooking methods. Whether you’re a seasoned chef or just starting out in the kitchen, learning the Welsh vocabulary for cooking and ingredients can enhance your culinary experience. This article will guide you through essential Welsh terms used in cooking, along with their English translations. You’ll also find practical phrases to help you navigate recipes or even cook alongside Welsh-speaking friends.

Basic Cooking Verbs

Understanding the basic verbs related to cooking will help you follow Welsh recipes more easily. Here’s a list of commonly used cooking verbs:

– Coginio (to cook): “Dw i’n coginio cinio bob nos.” (I cook dinner every night.)
– Berwi (to boil): “Mae angen berwi’r dŵr cyn ychwanegu’r pasta.” (You need to boil the water before adding the pasta.)
– Pobi (to bake): “Mae hi’n pobi cacen i’r parti.” (She is baking a cake for the party.)
– Grilio (to grill): “Rydyn ni’n grilio cigoedd ar y barbeciw.” (We are grilling meats on the barbecue.)
– Ffrio (to fry): “Mae e’n ffrio sglodion yn y padell.” (He is frying chips in the pan.)

Essential Ingredients

When cooking any dish, knowing the names of ingredients is crucial. Here are some key ingredient names in Welsh:

– Llaeth (milk): “Ychwanegwch llaeth i’r gymysgedd.” (Add milk to the mixture.)
– Menyn (butter): “Rhaid i’r menyn fod yn ystafell tymheredd.” (The butter must be at room temperature.)
– Ŵy (egg): “Torrwch yr ŵy i mewn i’r powlen.” (Crack the egg into the bowl.)
– Blawd (flour): “Hidlwch y blawd cyn ei ddefnyddio.” (Sift the flour before using it.)
– Siwgr (sugar): “Ychwanegwch siwgr at y te.” (Add sugar to the tea.)

Kitchen Utensils and Appliances

Knowing how to name various kitchen utensils and appliances in Welsh can also be very helpful:

– Ffwrn (oven): “Gosodwch y cacen yn y ffwrn am awr.” (Place the cake in the oven for an hour.)
– Oergell (refrigerator): “Cadwch y llaeth yn yr oergell.” (Keep the milk in the refrigerator.)
– Potel (pot): “Rhowch y cawl yn y botel i fudferwi.” (Put the soup in the pot to simmer.)
– Llwy (spoon): “Defnyddiwch y llwy i gymysgu’r cynhwysion.” (Use the spoon to stir the ingredients.)
– Cyllell (knife): “Defnyddiwch gyllell i dorri’r llysiau.” (Use a knife to chop the vegetables.)

Describing Cooking Methods

Being able to describe how food is cooked can make your instructions clearer and more precise:

– Rhostio (to roast): “Rydyn ni’n rhostio’r twrci am bedair awr.” (We roast the turkey for four hours.)
– Stiwio (to stew): “Mae’r cig yn cael ei stiwio gyda llysiau.” (The meat is stewed with vegetables.)
– Steamio (to steam): “Mae’n well steamio’r pysgod i gadw’r blas.” (It’s better to steam the fish to retain the flavor.)
– Ffermentio (to ferment): “Mae’r bwyd yn cael ei ffermentio i gynhyrchu probiotegau.” (The food is fermented to produce probiotics.)
– Marinadu (to marinate): “Marinadwch y cyw iâr dros nos.” (Marinate the chicken overnight.)

Combining Flavors and Spices

Flavors and spices are crucial in any dish. Here are some terms that will help you discuss these important aspects:

– Halwyn (salt): “Ychwanegwch halwyn yn ôl eich blas.” (Add salt to taste.)
– Pupur (pepper): “Chwistrellwch ychydig o bupur dros y salad.” (Sprinkle some pepper over the salad.)
– Sbeisys (spices): “Mae sbeisys fel sinamon a mace yn rhoi blas arbennig.” (Spices like cinnamon and mace give a special flavor.)
– Perlysiau (herbs): “Defnyddiwch berlysiau ffres i addurno’r pryd.” (Use fresh herbs to garnish the dish.)
– Llysiau (vegetables): “Torri’r llysiau yn fân cyn eu coginio.” (Chop the vegetables finely before cooking them.)

Practical Phrases for Cooking

Here are some practical Welsh phrases that might come in handy when you’re cooking or sharing recipes:

– “Sut i wneud toes pizza?” (How to make pizza dough?)
– “Pa mor hir i bobi’r bara?” (How long to bake the bread?)
– “A allaf i gael y rysáit ar gyfer y pwdin?” (Can I have the recipe for the pudding?)
– “Beth yw’r tymheredd gorau ar gyfer pobi cacennau?” (What is the best temperature for baking cakes?)
– “Pa gynhwysion sydd eu hangen ar gyfer y cawl hwn?” (What ingredients are needed for this soup?)

Learning the Welsh vocabulary for cooking and ingredients not only aids in understanding recipes but also enriches your interaction with Welsh culture. Whether you’re cooking traditional Welsh dishes or adapting your own recipes, these words and phrases will help you navigate the culinary landscape with confidence and authenticity.