Common Verbs and Their Usage

Verbs are the building blocks of any language. Knowing a variety of verbs and their proper usage is crucial at the B2 level. Here are some important Turkish verbs along with example sentences:

1. **Başlamak** (to start)
– Projeye ne zaman başlayacaksın? (When will you start the project?)

2. **Anlatmak** (to explain, to tell)
– Bana hikayeyi anlat. (Tell me the story.)

3. **Düşünmek** (to think)
– Bu konuda ne düşünüyorsun? (What do you think about this?)

4. **Hatırlamak** (to remember)
– Onu hatırlıyor musun? (Do you remember him/her?)

5. **İnanmak** (to believe)
– Sana inanıyorum. (I believe you.)

6. **Kaybetmek** (to lose)
– Cüzdanımı kaybettim. (I lost my wallet.)

7. **Çalışmak** (to work, to study)
– Bu projede çok çalıştık. (We worked hard on this project.)

8. **Öğrenmek** (to learn)
– Yeni bir dil öğrenmek zor olabilir. (Learning a new language can be difficult.)

Essential Nouns

A robust vocabulary of nouns will enable you to describe the world around you more vividly and accurately. Here are some essential nouns to know:

1. **Zaman** (time)
– Zaman hızla geçiyor. (Time flies.)

2. **Yer** (place)
– Burası çok güzel bir yer. (This is a very beautiful place.)

3. **İnsan** (person)
– O, çok iyi bir insan. (He/She is a very good person.)

4. **Para** (money)
– Ne kadar para lazım? (How much money do you need?)

5. **Hayat** (life)
– Hayat bazen zor olabilir. (Life can sometimes be difficult.)

6. **Dost** (friend)
– O benim en iyi dostum. (He/She is my best friend.)

7. **Aile** (family)
– Ailem benim için çok önemli. (My family is very important to me.)

8. **Yemek** (food)
– Türk yemekleri çok lezzetli. (Turkish food is very delicious.)

Useful Adjectives

Adjectives help you to describe nouns more precisely. Here are some useful adjectives at the B2 level:

1. **Güzel** (beautiful)
– Bu elbise çok güzel. (This dress is very beautiful.)

2. **Zor** (difficult)
– Bu ödev zor. (This homework is difficult.)

3. **Kolay** (easy)
– Bu soru kolay. (This question is easy.)

4. **Önemli** (important)
– Bu konu çok önemli. (This topic is very important.)

5. **Hızlı** (fast)
– Araba çok hızlı. (The car is very fast.)

6. **Yavaş** (slow)
– İnternet çok yavaş. (The internet is very slow.)

7. **Mutlu** (happy)
– Onu mutlu görmek istiyorum. (I want to see him/her happy.)

8. **Üzgün** (sad)
– Dün çok üzgündü. (He/She was very sad yesterday.)

Common Phrases and Expressions

Knowing common phrases and expressions can make your conversations more natural and fluent. Here are some that are frequently used:

1. **Nasılsın?** (How are you?)
– Çok iyiyim, teşekkürler. Sen nasılsın? (I am very well, thank you. How are you?)

2. **Ne yapıyorsun?** (What are you doing?)
– Evde dinleniyorum. Sen ne yapıyorsun? (I am resting at home. What are you doing?)

3. **Teşekkür ederim.** (Thank you.)
– Yardımın için teşekkür ederim. (Thank you for your help.)

4. **Özür dilerim.** (I am sorry.)
– Geç kaldığım için özür dilerim. (I am sorry for being late.)

5. **İyi ki varsın.** (It’s good that you exist / I am glad you are here.)
– İyi ki varsın, seni çok seviyorum. (I am glad you are here, I love you very much.)

6. **Kolay gelsin.** (May it come easy – a common way to wish someone ease in their work)
– Projeye başlarken kolay gelsin dedim. (I said “may it come easy” when starting the project.)

Connecting Words and Conjunctions

Connecting words and conjunctions are crucial for forming complex sentences and expressing your thoughts more clearly. Here are some essential ones:

1. **Ve** (and)
– Elma ve portakal aldım. (I bought an apple and an orange.)

2. **Ama** (but)
– Gelmek istiyorum ama zamanım yok. (I want to come, but I don’t have time.)

3. **Çünkü** (because)
– Üzgünüm çünkü sınavı geçemedim. (I am sad because I failed the exam.)

4. **Ya da** (or)
– Çay ya da kahve içmek ister misin? (Would you like to drink tea or coffee?)

5. **Fakat** (however)
– Yorgunum fakat çalışmam lazım. (I am tired, however, I need to work.)

6. **Dolayısıyla** (therefore)
– Hava yağmurluydu, dolayısıyla dışarı çıkmadık. (The weather was rainy, therefore, we didn’t go out.)

7. **Eğer** (if)
– Eğer gelirse, haber ver. (If he/she comes, let me know.)

8. **Çünkü** (because)
– Gelemedim çünkü hastaydım. (I couldn’t come because I was sick.)

Expressions for Daily Interactions

To sound more like a native speaker, it’s useful to know some idiomatic expressions and colloquial phrases used in daily interactions:

1. **Geçmiş olsun.** (Get well soon.)
– Hasta olduğunu duydum, geçmiş olsun. (I heard you were sick, get well soon.)

2. **Kolay gelsin.** (Good luck with your work.)
– İşine kolay gelsin demeyi unutma. (Don’t forget to say good luck with your work.)

3. **Eline sağlık.** (Health to your hands – used to compliment someone’s cooking)
– Yemek çok lezzetliydi, eline sağlık. (The food was very delicious, health to your hands.)

4. **Başarılar dilerim.** (I wish you success.)
– Sınavında başarılar dilerim. (I wish you success in your exam.)

5. **Gözün aydın.** (Congratulations – literally means “May your eye be bright”)
– Yeni işin için gözün aydın. (Congratulations on your new job.)

6. **Başın sağ olsun.** (Condolences)
– Kayıbın için başın sağ olsun. (My condolences for your loss.)

Advanced Vocabulary for Specific Situations

At the B2 level, you should be able to discuss more specific topics such as work, education, and travel. Here are some advanced words that will help you in these situations:

1. **Toplantı** (meeting)
– Yarın önemli bir toplantı var. (There is an important meeting tomorrow.)

2. **Başvuru** (application)
– İş başvurusu nasıl yapılır? (How do you apply for a job?)

3. **Mülakat** (interview)
– Yarın iş mülakatım var. (I have a job interview tomorrow.)

4. **Eğitim** (education)
– Türkiye’de eğitim sistemi nasıl? (How is the education system in Turkey?)

5. **Araştırma** (research)
– Bu konuda bir araştırma yapıyorum. (I am doing research on this topic.)

6. **Tatbikat** (drill, exercise)
– Yangın tatbikatı olacak. (There will be a fire drill.)

7. **Vize** (visa)
– Amerika’ya gitmek için vize gerekiyor. (You need a visa to go to the USA.)

8. **Rezervasyon** (reservation)
– Otelde rezervasyon yaptırmak istiyorum. (I want to make a reservation at the hotel.)

Conclusion

Building a strong vocabulary is essential for reaching a B2 level in Turkish. The words and phrases provided in this article will not only help you understand and engage in more complex conversations but also give you the confidence to express yourself more fluently. Remember to practice regularly and immerse yourself in the language as much as possible. Whether you’re reading Turkish books, watching Turkish movies, or conversing with native speakers, each step will bring you closer to mastering the language. Happy learning!