Basic Verbs

Understanding and using basic verbs is crucial for forming sentences and expressing actions. Here are some essential verbs that A2 level learners should know:

1. **Ser** (to be) – Used to describe permanent states or inherent characteristics.
– Eu sou estudante. (I am a student.)

2. **Estar** (to be) – Used to describe temporary states or locations.
– Eu estou feliz. (I am happy.)

3. **Ter** (to have) – Used to indicate possession.
– Eu tenho um carro. (I have a car.)

4. **Ir** (to go) – Used to indicate movement or future actions.
– Eu vou à escola. (I go to school.)

5. **Fazer** (to do/make) – Used for various actions and activities.
– Eu faço o jantar. (I make dinner.)

6. **Poder** (can/may) – Used to express ability or permission.
– Eu posso ajudar? (Can I help?)

7. **Querer** (to want) – Used to express desires or wishes.
– Eu quero um café. (I want a coffee.)

8. **Ver** (to see) – Used to express visual perception.
– Eu vejo o mar. (I see the sea.)

9. **Saber** (to know) – Used to indicate knowledge or information.
– Eu sei a resposta. (I know the answer.)

10. **Dizer** (to say/tell) – Used to convey speech or information.
– Eu digo a verdade. (I tell the truth.)

Common Nouns

Nouns are essential for identifying people, places, things, and ideas. Here are some common nouns that A2 learners should be familiar with:

1. **Casa** (house)
– Minha casa é grande. (My house is big.)

2. **Carro** (car)
– O carro está na garagem. (The car is in the garage.)

3. **Escola** (school)
– Eu estudo na escola. (I study at the school.)

4. **Trabalho** (work)
– Eu vou ao trabalho todos os dias. (I go to work every day.)

5. **Amigo** (friend)
– Meu amigo é muito simpático. (My friend is very friendly.)

6. **Família** (family)
– Minha família é pequena. (My family is small.)

7. **Comida** (food)
– A comida está deliciosa. (The food is delicious.)

8. **Cidade** (city)
– Eu moro na cidade. (I live in the city.)

9. **Tempo** (time/weather)
– O tempo está bom hoje. (The weather is good today.)

10. **Dinheiro** (money)
– Eu preciso de dinheiro. (I need money.)

Useful Adjectives

Adjectives help describe nouns and provide more information. Here are some useful adjectives for A2 learners:

1. **Bom/Boa** (good)
– O filme é bom. (The movie is good.)

2. **Mau/Má** (bad)
– A comida está má. (The food is bad.)

3. **Grande** (big)
– A casa é grande. (The house is big.)

4. **Pequeno/Pequena** (small)
– O quarto é pequeno. (The room is small.)

5. **Novo/Nova** (new)
– Eu comprei um carro novo. (I bought a new car.)

6. **Velho/Velha** (old)
– O livro é velho. (The book is old.)

7. **Bonito/Bonita** (beautiful)
– A praia é bonita. (The beach is beautiful.)

8. **Feio/Feia** (ugly)
– O prédio é feio. (The building is ugly.)

9. **Fácil** (easy)
– A tarefa é fácil. (The task is easy.)

10. **Difícil** (difficult)
– A prova foi difícil. (The exam was difficult.)

Essential Pronouns

Pronouns are used to replace nouns and avoid repetition. Here are some essential pronouns for A2 learners:

1. **Eu** (I)
– Eu vou ao mercado. (I am going to the market.)

2. **Tu** (you – informal)
– Tu estás bem? (Are you okay?)

3. **Ele/Ela** (he/she)
– Ele é meu irmão. (He is my brother.)

4. **Nós** (we)
– Nós vamos viajar. (We are going to travel.)

5. **Vocês** (you – plural)
– Vocês querem jantar? (Do you want to have dinner?)

6. **Eles/Elas** (they – masculine/feminine)
– Elas são minhas amigas. (They are my friends.)

Common Expressions

Being familiar with common expressions can greatly enhance your ability to communicate naturally. Here are some useful expressions for A2 learners:

1. **Bom dia** (Good morning)
– Bom dia! Como você está? (Good morning! How are you?)

2. **Boa tarde** (Good afternoon)
– Boa tarde! (Good afternoon!)

3. **Boa noite** (Good night/evening)
– Boa noite! Durma bem. (Good night! Sleep well.)

4. **Por favor** (Please)
– Pode me ajudar, por favor? (Can you help me, please?)

5. **Obrigado/Obrigada** (Thank you – masculine/feminine)
– Obrigado pela ajuda. (Thank you for the help.)

6. **De nada** (You’re welcome)
– De nada! (You’re welcome!)

7. **Desculpe** (Sorry)
– Desculpe pelo atraso. (Sorry for the delay.)

8. **Com licença** (Excuse me)
– Com licença, onde fica o banheiro? (Excuse me, where is the bathroom?)

9. **Sim** (Yes)
– Sim, eu quero. (Yes, I want to.)

10. **Não** (No)
– Não, obrigado. (No, thank you.)

Numbers and Time

Understanding numbers and time is essential for various everyday situations. Here are some key words and phrases related to numbers and time:

1. **Um/Uma** (one)
– Eu tenho uma irmã. (I have one sister.)

2. **Dois/Duas** (two)
– Eu comprei duas maçãs. (I bought two apples.)

3. **Três** (three)
– São três horas. (It is three o’clock.)

4. **Quatro** (four)
– Eu tenho quatro amigos. (I have four friends.)

5. **Cinco** (five)
– Eu trabalho cinco dias por semana. (I work five days a week.)

6. **Seis** (six)
– O ônibus chega em seis minutos. (The bus arrives in six minutes.)

7. **Sete** (seven)
– Eu acordo às sete horas. (I wake up at seven o’clock.)

8. **Oito** (eight)
– A reunião é às oito. (The meeting is at eight.)

9. **Nove** (nine)
– O filme começa às nove. (The movie starts at nine.)

10. **Dez** (ten)
– Eu vou dormir às dez. (I go to sleep at ten.)

Days of the Week

Knowing the days of the week is important for planning and scheduling:

1. **Segunda-feira** (Monday)
– Eu trabalho na segunda-feira. (I work on Monday.)

2. **Terça-feira** (Tuesday)
– A reunião é na terça-feira. (The meeting is on Tuesday.)

3. **Quarta-feira** (Wednesday)
– Eu tenho uma aula na quarta-feira. (I have a class on Wednesday.)

4. **Quinta-feira** (Thursday)
– Eu vou ao médico na quinta-feira. (I am going to the doctor on Thursday.)

5. **Sexta-feira** (Friday)
– Eu saio com os amigos na sexta-feira. (I go out with friends on Friday.)

6. **Sábado** (Saturday)
– Eu descanso no sábado. (I rest on Saturday.)

7. **Domingo** (Sunday)
– Eu vou à igreja no domingo. (I go to church on Sunday.)

Months of the Year

Knowing the months of the year is useful for discussing events and dates:

1. **Janeiro** (January)
– Meu aniversário é em janeiro. (My birthday is in January.)

2. **Fevereiro** (February)
– O carnaval é em fevereiro. (Carnival is in February.)

3. **Março** (March)
– As aulas começam em março. (Classes start in March.)

4. **Abril** (April)
– A Páscoa é em abril. (Easter is in April.)

5. **Maio** (May)
– O Dia das Mães é em maio. (Mother’s Day is in May.)

6. **Junho** (June)
– Eu vou viajar em junho. (I will travel in June.)

7. **Julho** (July)
– As férias são em julho. (The holidays are in July.)

8. **Agosto** (August)
– As aulas recomeçam em agosto. (Classes resume in August.)

9. **Setembro** (September)
– O Dia da Independência é em setembro. (Independence Day is in September.)

10. **Outubro** (October)
– O Halloween é em outubro. (Halloween is in October.)

11. **Novembro** (November)
– O Dia de Ação de Graças é em novembro. (Thanksgiving is in November.)

12. **Dezembro** (December)
– O Natal é em dezembro. (Christmas is in December.)

Everyday Vocabulary

Expanding your vocabulary with everyday words can improve your ability to communicate in various situations:

1. **Mesa** (table)
– A comida está na mesa. (The food is on the table.)

2. **Cadeira** (chair)
– Sente-se na cadeira. (Sit on the chair.)

3. **Janela** (window)
– Abra a janela, por favor. (Open the window, please.)

4. **Porta** (door)
– Feche a porta. (Close the door.)

5. **Cama** (bed)
– Eu vou dormir na cama. (I will sleep in the bed.)

6. **Chave** (key)
– Onde está a chave? (Where is the key?)

7. **Livro** (book)
– Eu estou lendo um livro. (I am reading a book.)

8. **Caneta** (pen)
– Eu preciso de uma caneta. (I need a pen.)

9. **Telefone** (phone)
– Meu telefone está tocando. (My phone is ringing.)

10. **Bolsa** (bag)
– Minha bolsa está no carro. (My bag is in the car.)

Food and Drink

Knowing food and drink vocabulary is useful for dining and shopping:

1. **Pão** (bread)
– Eu gosto de pão. (I like bread.)

2. **Leite** (milk)
– Eu bebo leite de manhã. (I drink milk in the morning.)

3. **Água** (water)
– Eu preciso de água. (I need water.)

4. **Café** (coffee)
– Eu tomo café todos os dias. (I drink coffee every day.)

5. **Fruta** (fruit)
– A fruta está fresca. (The fruit is fresh.)

6. **Carne** (meat)
– Eu não como carne. (I don’t eat meat.)

7. **Peixe** (fish)
– O peixe está delicioso. (The fish is delicious.)

8. **Arroz** (rice)
– Eu gosto de arroz com feijão. (I like rice with beans.)

9. **Feijão** (beans)
– O feijão está cozido. (The beans are cooked.)

10. **Salada** (salad)
– A salada está no prato. (The salad is on the plate.)

Practice and Usage

To effectively learn and retain these Portuguese words, it’s important to practice regularly. Here are some tips to help you incorporate these words into your daily routine:

1. **Flashcards**: Create flashcards with the Portuguese word on one side and the English translation on the other. Review them daily to reinforce your memory.

2. **Labeling**: Label objects around your house with their Portuguese names. This will help you associate the words with the actual items.

3. **Conversation**: Practice speaking with native speakers or fellow learners. Use the new vocabulary in your conversations to build confidence.

4. **Writing**: Write short paragraphs or diary entries using the new words. This will help you practice sentence structure and context.

5. **Listening**: Listen to Portuguese music, podcasts, or watch movies with subtitles. Pay attention to how the words are used in different contexts.

6. **Reading**: Read books, articles, or blogs in Portuguese. This will expose you to new vocabulary and improve your comprehension.

By consistently practicing and using these essential Portuguese words, you will gradually become more proficient and comfortable in your language skills. Keep challenging yourself, and remember that learning a new language is a journey that requires patience and dedication. Boa sorte! (Good luck!)