Common Nouns

Nouns are the building blocks of any language. At the B1 level, it’s important to know a variety of nouns to describe people, places, things, and ideas. Here are some commonly used Marathi nouns:

1. घर (ghar) – House
2. शाळा (shala) – School
3. मित्र (mitra) – Friend (male)
4. मैत्रीण (maitriṇ) – Friend (female)
5. पुस्तक (pustak) – Book
6. शहर (shahar) – City
7. दवाखाना (davakhana) – Hospital
8. उद्याने (udyan) – Park
9. रस्ता (rasta) – Road
10. दुकान (dukan) – Shop

Example Sentences:

– माझं घर मोठं आहे। (Majh ghar motha ahe) – My house is big.
– ती शाळा खूप चांगली आहे। (Ti shala khup changli ahe) – That school is very good.
– माझ्या मित्राचं नाव रोहन आहे। (Majhya mitra cha nav Rohan ahe) – My friend’s name is Rohan.

Verbs

Verbs are action words that are essential for constructing sentences. Here are some commonly used Marathi verbs:

1. खाणे (khaṇe) – To eat
2. पिणे (piṇe) – To drink
3. वाचणे (vachṇe) – To read
4. लिहिणे (lihiṇe) – To write
5. बोलणे (bolṇe) – To speak
6. ऐकणे (aikaṇe) – To listen
7. चालणे (chalṇe) – To walk
8. धावणे (dhavṇe) – To run
9. करणे (karṇe) – To do
10. आणणे (aaṇṇe) – To bring

Example Sentences:

– मी जेवायला खाणे जातो। (Mi jevayla khaṇe jato) – I go to eat food.
– ती पाणी पिणे आहे। (Ti pani piṇe ahe) – She is drinking water.
– मी पुस्तक वाचणे आवडतो। (Mi pustak vachṇe avadto) – I like to read books.

Adjectives

Adjectives describe the qualities of nouns. Here are some useful Marathi adjectives:

1. सुंदर (sundar) – Beautiful
2. मोठा (motha) – Big
3. लहान (lahan) – Small
4. चांगला (changla) – Good
5. वाईट (vaīt) – Bad
6. गरम (garam) – Hot
7. थंड (thaṇḍ) – Cold
8. नवा (nava) – New
9. जुना (juna) – Old
10. जड (jad) – Heavy

Example Sentences:

– तुझं मोठं घर खूप सुंदर आहे। (Tujh motha ghar khup sundar ahe) – Your big house is very beautiful.
– हा लहान मुलगा खूप चांगला आहे। (Ha lahan mulga khup changla ahe) – This small boy is very good.
– पाणी गरम आहे। (Pani garam ahe) – The water is hot.

Adverbs

Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Here are some frequently used Marathi adverbs:

1. लवकर (lavkar) – Quickly
2. हळू (haḷu) – Slowly
3. आता (ata) – Now
4. नंतर (nantar) – Later
5. इथे (ithe) – Here
6. तिथे (tithe) – There
7. नेहमी (nehmi) – Always
8. कधी (kadhi) – Sometimes
9. कधीच (kadhich) – Never
10. खूप (khup) – Very

Example Sentences:

– तु लवकर ये। (Tu lavkar ye) – Come quickly.
– तो हळू बोलतो। (To haḷu bolto) – He speaks slowly.
– मी आता घरी आहे। (Mi ata ghari ahe) – I am at home now.

Pronouns

Pronouns are used to replace nouns and make sentences less repetitive. Here are some important Marathi pronouns:

1. मी (mi) – I
2. तू (tu) – You (informal)
3. तो (to) – He
4. ती (ti) – She
5. आम्ही (amhi) – We
6. तुम्ही (tumhi) – You (formal/plural)
7. हे (he) – They (masculine)
8. त्या (tya) – They (feminine)
9. माझं (majh) – My
10. तुझं (tujh) – Your (informal)

Example Sentences:

– मी शाळेत जातो। (Mi shalet jato) – I go to school.
– तू कसा आहेस? (Tu kasa aahes) – How are you?
– ती खूप सुंदर आहे। (Ti khup sundar ahe) – She is very beautiful.

Prepositions

Prepositions are used to show the relationship between nouns or pronouns and other words in a sentence. Here are some common Marathi prepositions:

1. मध्ये (madhye) – In
2. वर (var) – On
3. खाली (khaali) – Under
4. शेजारी (shejaari) – Next to
5. मध्ये (madhe) – Between
6. आधी (aadhi) – Before
7. नंतर (nantar) – After
8. सह (sah) – With
9. विना (vina) – Without
10. साठी (sathi) – For

Example Sentences:

– पुस्तक वर टेबल आहे। (Pustak var table ahe) – The book is on the table.
– कुत्रा खाली झोपला आहे। (Kutra khaali zhopla ahe) – The dog is sleeping under the table.
– तु माझ्या शेजारी बस। (Tu majhya shejaari bas) – Sit next to me.

Question Words

Question words are essential for asking questions and gathering information. Here are some Marathi question words:

1. कोण (kon) – Who
2. काय (kay) – What
3. कधी (kadhi) – When
4. कोठे (kothe) – Where
5. का (ka) – Why
6. कसे (kase) – How
7. किती (kiti) – How much/How many
8. कोणता (kontaa) – Which
9. कुठे (kuthe) – Where
10. कशासाठी (kashasathi) – For what

Example Sentences:

– कोण येणार आहे? (Kon yenar ahe?) – Who is coming?
– तु काय करत आहेस? (Tu kay kart aahes?) – What are you doing?
– हे कोठे आहे? (He kothe ahe?) – Where is this?

Conjunctions

Conjunctions are words used to connect clauses or sentences. Here are some commonly used Marathi conjunctions:

1. आणि (aani) – And
2. किंवा (kinva) – Or
3. पण (paṇ) – But
4. म्हणून (mhaṇun) – Because
5. जर (jar) – If
6. तर (tar) – Then
7. तरिही (tarihi) – However
8. जेव्हा (jebha) – When
9. जेव्हा (jebha) – While
10. मग (mag) – So

Example Sentences:

– तो आला आणि खेळला। (To ala aani khelala) – He came and played.
– मी जेवणार किंवा झोपणार। (Mi jevnar kinva zhopnar) – I will either eat or sleep.
– मला आवडत नाही पण मी करेन। (Mala avdat nahi paṇ mi karen) – I don’t like it but I will do it.

Useful Phrases

At the B1 level, being able to use common phrases in daily conversation is crucial. Here are some useful Marathi phrases:

1. कसा आहेस? (Kasa aahes?) – How are you? (informal)
2. तुम्हाला कसं वाटतं? (Tumhala kasa vaṭṭa?) – How do you feel? (formal)
3. काय चाललंय? (Kay chalalay?) – What’s going on?
4. माझं नाव [तुमचं नाव] आहे। (Majh nav [tumch nav] ahe) – My name is [your name].
5. माझ्या आईचं नाव [तिचं नाव] आहे। (Majhya aai cha nav [tich nav] ahe) – My mother’s name is [her name].
6. माझ्या वडिलांचं नाव [त्याचं नाव] आहे। (Majhya vadilanch nav [tyach nav] ahe) – My father’s name is [his name].
7. माझ्या भावाचं नाव [त्याचं नाव] आहे। (Majhya bhavach nav [tyach nav] ahe) – My brother’s name is [his name].
8. माझ्या बहिणीचं नाव [तिचं नाव] आहे। (Majhya bahinich nav [tich nav] ahe) – My sister’s name is [her name].
9. माझ्या मित्राचं नाव [त्याचं नाव] आहे। (Majhya mitrach nav [tyach nav] ahe) – My friend’s name is [his name].
10. कुठे चाललात? (Kuthe chalalat?) – Where are you going? (formal)

Example Sentences:

– कसा आहेस? (Kasa aahes?) – How are you?
– तुम्हाला कसं वाटतं? (Tumhala kasa vaṭṭa?) – How do you feel?
– काय चाललंय? (Kay chalalay?) – What’s going on?

Conclusion

Reaching the B1 level in Marathi is a significant achievement, and expanding your vocabulary is a crucial part of this process. The words and phrases listed in this article will help you communicate more effectively and confidently in a variety of everyday situations. Remember to practice regularly, engage in conversations, and immerse yourself in the language as much as possible. Happy learning!