1. **سلام** (Salam) – Hello: A universal greeting used in everyday conversation.
2. **الوداع** (Alwida) – Goodbye: Used when parting ways.
3. **شکریہ** (Shukriya) – Thank you: Expresses gratitude.
4. **براہ کرم** (Barah-e-Karam) – Please: Used to make polite requests.
5. **معاف کیجئے** (Maaf Kijiye) – Sorry/Excuse me: Used to apologize or catch someone’s attention.

Common Nouns

6. **آدمی** (Aadmi) – Man: Refers to a male person.
7. **عورت** (Aurat) – Woman: Refers to a female person.
8. **بچہ** (Bacha) – Child: Refers to a young person.
9. **کتاب** (Kitaab) – Book: A common object found everywhere.
10. **گھر** (Ghar) – House/Home: A place where people live.

Numbers

11. **ایک** (Aik) – One: The number 1.
12. **دو** (Do) – Two: The number 2.
13. **تین** (Teen) – Three: The number 3.
14. **چار** (Chaar) – Four: The number 4.
15. **پانچ** (Paanch) – Five: The number 5.

Days of the Week

16. **پیر** (Peer) – Monday: The first day of the week in Urdu.
17. **منگل** (Mangal) – Tuesday: The second day of the week.
18. **بدھ** (Budh) – Wednesday: The third day of the week.
19. **جمعرات** (Jumeraat) – Thursday: The fourth day of the week.
20. **جمعہ** (Jumma) – Friday: The fifth day of the week.
21. **ہفتہ** (Hafta) – Saturday: The sixth day of the week.
22. **اتوار** (Itwaar) – Sunday: The seventh day of the week.

Basic Adjectives

23. **بڑا** (Bara) – Big: Describes something of large size.
24. **چھوٹا** (Chhota) – Small: Describes something of small size.
25. **خوبصورت** (Khubsoorat) – Beautiful: Used to describe something attractive.
26. **بدصورت** (Badsurat) – Ugly: Used to describe something unattractive.
27. **اچھا** (Achha) – Good: Describes something positive.
28. **برا** (Bura) – Bad: Describes something negative.

Family Members

29. **ماں** (Maan) – Mother: Refers to one’s female parent.
30. **باپ** (Baap) – Father: Refers to one’s male parent.
31. **بہن** (Behan) – Sister: Refers to a female sibling.
32. **بھائی** (Bhai) – Brother: Refers to a male sibling.
33. **دادا** (Dada) – Grandfather (paternal): Refers to one’s father’s father.
34. **دادی** (Dadi) – Grandmother (paternal): Refers to one’s father’s mother.

Common Verbs

35. **کھانا** (Khana) – To eat: The act of consuming food.
36. **پینا** (Pina) – To drink: The act of consuming liquids.
37. **آنا** (Aana) – To come: The act of arriving at a place.
38. **جانا** (Jana) – To go: The act of leaving for a place.
39. **دیکھنا** (Dekhna) – To see: The act of looking at something.
40. **سونا** (Sona) – To sleep: The act of resting.
41. **بولنا** (Bolna) – To speak: The act of talking.
42. **سننا** (Sunna) – To listen: The act of hearing something.

Basic Pronouns

43. **میں** (Main) – I: Refers to oneself.
44. **آپ** (Aap) – You (formal): Used to address someone respectfully.
45. **تم** (Tum) – You (informal): Used to address a friend or someone younger.
46. **وہ** (Woh) – He/She/It: Refers to another person or thing.
47. **ہم** (Hum) – We: Refers to a group including oneself.

Useful Phrases

48. **کیا حال ہے؟** (Kya Haal Hai?) – How are you?: A common way to ask about someone’s well-being.
49. **مجھے پانی چاہئے** (Mujhe Pani Chahiye) – I need water: A basic need expression.
50. **یہ کیا ہے؟** (Yeh Kya Hai?) – What is this?: Used to inquire about something unfamiliar.

Conclusion

Learning these 50 essential words will provide you with a solid foundation in Urdu. By mastering these basics, you’ll be able to navigate simple conversations, understand common phrases, and build upon your vocabulary more effectively. Remember, language learning is a gradual process, and consistent practice is key. Keep practicing these words in different contexts, and soon you’ll find yourself more comfortable and confident in your Urdu language journey. Happy learning!