Sentence theory, or teorija par teikuma būvniecību, is a fundamental concept in Latvian language grammar. It focuses on the structure and components of sentences, and how they function in conveying meaning.

In Latvian, a sentence typically consists of a subject (priekšmets), predicate (ādverbials) and a verb (darbības vārds). The subject indicates the doer of the action, while the predicate provides information about the subject or the action itself. The verb serves as the main part of the sentence, expressing the action or state of being.

Sentences can also include other elements such as objects (objekts), adjectives (īpašības vārds), adverbs (apstākļa vārds), and various modifiers, which further describe or specify the subject or the action. The word order in Latvian sentences is relatively flexible, but the verb typically comes first, followed by the subject and then the predicate.

Understanding sentence theory is crucial for mastering Latvian grammar, as it helps to analyze and construct sentences correctly. By studying the structure and components of sentences, learners can gain a deeper understanding of the language and communicate effectively in Latvian.