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Participles Exercises For Estonian Grammar

Immerse in language learning with grammar exercises 

In Estonian grammar, participles are verb forms that function as adjectives, expressing the result of an action or state. There are four types of participles in Estonian: Present Active (“-v/-ev” endings), Present Passive (“-tav” endings), Past Active (“-nud” endings), and Past Passive (“-tud” endings). Participles can provide additional information about the noun they describe, such as a condition, past actions, or future actions. They can be used in different cases and can function as predicate adjectives, attributes, or even as the main verb in a sentence.

Exercise 1: Present Active and Present Passive Participles

*Ostv* (buying) inimene läks poodi.
*Mängiv* (playing) laps naeris rõõmsalt.
*Ă•ppiv* (studying) tudeng loeb raamatut.
*Vaatav* (watching) mees jälgib televiisorit.
*Kasutav* (using) tĂĽdruk kirjutab arvutiga.
*Söötav* (eatable) toit on laual.
*Ava* (opened) uks viib trepikotta.
*Volditav* (foldable) tool on kergesti kaasaskantav.
*Kantav* (wearable) seade aitab jälgida tervist.
*Joodav* (drinkable) vesi on puhas.

Exercise 2: Past Active and Past Passive Participles

*Lõpetanud* (finished) üliõpilane sai tööd.
*Võitnud* (won) võistkond tähistas õhtul.
*Laenanud* (borrowed) raamat tuleb tagastada.
*Vaadanud* (watched) film oli väga huvitav.
*Külastanud* (visited) muuseumist õpib palju ajalugu.
*Tellitud* (ordered) toit saabub 30 minuti pärast.
*Avatud* (opened) kinke ei tohi enne sünnipäeva avada.
*Värvitud* (painted) seina kuivamiseks kulub aega.
*Puhastatud* (cleaned) tuba näeb kena välja.
*Ehitatud* (built) maja on nĂĽĂĽd koduks perele.

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