Indicative/Subjunctive Comparison Exercises For Russian Grammar

Immersive language learning through grammar exercises

Indicative and subjunctive moods are essential components of Russian grammar that can be quite challenging for language learners. The indicative mood is used to express statements of fact or real events, while the subjunctive mood, also known as the conjunctive mood, is used to express hypothetical or unreal situations, such as wishes, desires, or counterfactuals. Learning to distinguish between these two moods and their corresponding verb forms is crucial for mastering Russian grammar and becoming an effective communicator in the Russian language.

Exercise 1: Indicative Mood

1. ะฏ *ั‡ะธั‚ะฐัŽ* (read) ะบะฝะธะณัƒ.
2. ะœั‹ *ะธะดั‘ะผ* (go) ะฒ ะบะธะฝะพ ัะตะณะพะดะฝั ะฒะตั‡ะตั€ะพะผ.
3. ะžะฝ *ั€ะฐะฑะพั‚ะฐะตั‚* (work) ะฒ ะฑะฐะฝะบะต.
4. ะขั‹ *ะฟะธัˆะตัˆัŒ* (write) ะฟะธััŒะผะพ.
5. ะžะฝะธ *ะณะพะฒะพั€ัั‚* (speak) ะฟะพ-ะฐะฝะณะปะธะนัะบะธ.
6. ะ”ะตะฒะพั‡ะบะฐ *ะธะณั€ะฐะตั‚* (play) ั ัะพะฑะฐะบะพะน.
7. ะžะฝะฐ *ะฟะพั‘ั‚* (sing) ะฒ ั…ะพั€ะต.
8. ะœะฐะปัŒั‡ะธะบ *ะทะฐะฟะพะปะฝัะตั‚* (fill) ะฑะปะฐะฝะบ.
9. ะฏ *ัะผะพั‚ั€ัŽ* (watch) ั‚ะตะปะตะฒะธะทะพั€.
10. ะะฐัˆะฐ ะบะพัˆะบะฐ *ะปะพะฒะธั‚* (catch) ะผั‹ัˆะตะน.
11. ะœะฐัˆะธะฝะฐ *ะตั…ะฐะปะฐ* (drive) ะฟะพ ัƒะปะธั†ะต.
12. ะœะตั‚ั€ะพ *ะฟั€ะธะฑั‹ะฒะฐะตั‚* (arrive) ะฝะฐ ัั‚ะฐะฝั†ะธัŽ.
13. ะกะพะปะฝั†ะต *ัะฒะตั‚ะธั‚* (shine) ัั€ะบะพ.
14. ะœะฐะผะฐ *ะณะพั‚ะพะฒะธั‚* (cook) ะพะฑะตะด.
15. ะ”ะฒะตั€ัŒ *ัะปะตะณะบะฐ ะพั‚ะบั€ั‹ะฒะฐะตั‚ัั* (open slightly).

Exercise 2: Subjunctive Mood

1. ะ•ัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ั ะฑั‹ะป ะฑะพะณะฐั‚ั‹ะผ, ั ะฑั‹ *ะบัƒะฟะธะป* (buy) ะฑะพะปัŒัˆะพะน ะดะพะผ.
2. ะฏ ะฑั‹ *ัะบะฐะทะฐะป* (say) ะตะผัƒ ะฟั€ะฐะฒะดัƒ, ะตัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ะทะฝะฐะป.
3. ะ•ัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ั‚ั‹ ัƒั‡ะธะปัั ะปัƒั‡ัˆะต, ั‚ั‹ ะฑั‹ *ัะดะฐะป* (pass) ัะบะทะฐะผะตะฝ.
4. ะžะฝะฐ ะฑั‹ *ะฟะพะทะฒะพะฝะธะปะฐ* (call) ะผะฝะต, ะตัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ะฑั‹ะปะฐ ะฝัƒะถะดะฐ.
5. ะ•ัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ะพะฝะธ ะฟั€ะธัˆะปะธ ะฒะพะฒั€ะตะผั, ะพะฝะธ ะฑั‹ *ัƒัะฟะตะปะธ* (make it) ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะตะทะด.
6. ะœั‹ ะฑั‹ *ะฟะพะฑะตะดะธะปะธ* (win) ะฒ ะผะฐั‚ั‡ะต, ะตัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ั‚ั€ะตะฝะธั€ะพะฒะฐะปะธััŒ ะฑะพะปัŒัˆะต.
7. ะฏ ะฑั‹ *ะฟะพะตั…ะฐะป* (go) ะฒ ะปะตั, ะตัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ะฝะต ะฑั‹ะปะพ ะดะพะถะดั.
8. ะ•ัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ะดะตะฒะพั‡ะบะฐ ะฝะต ัƒะฟะฐะปะฐ, ะพะฝะฐ ะฑั‹ ะฝะต *ะฟะปะฐะบะฐะปะฐ* (cry).
9. ะ•ัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ั ะทะฝะฐะป ะฐะดั€ะตั, ั ะฑั‹ *ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะป* (write) ะตะผัƒ ะฟะธััŒะผะพ.
10. ะขั‹ ะฑั‹ *ะฝะฐะฒะตัั‚ะธะป* (visit) ะฑะฐะฑัƒัˆะบัƒ, ะตัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ะฑั‹ะป ัะฒะพะฑะพะดะตะฝ.
11. ะ•ัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ะพะฝะฐ ะทะฐะฑั‹ะปะฐ ะบะพัˆะตะปะตะบ, ะพะฝะฐ ะฑั‹ ะฝะต *ะบัƒะฟะธะปะฐ* (buy) ะฟั€ะพะดัƒะบั‚ั‹.
12. ะžะฝ ะฑั‹ *ัะฟะฐั* (save) ั‡ะตะปะพะฒะตะบะฐ, ะตัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ะฑั‹ะป ะฝะฐ ะผะตัั‚ะต ะฟั€ะพะธััˆะตัั‚ะฒะธั.
13. ะœะฝะต ะฑั‹ *ั…ะพั‚ะตะปะพััŒ* (like) ะฟะพะตั…ะฐั‚ัŒ ะฒ ะดั€ัƒะณัƒัŽ ัั‚ั€ะฐะฝัƒ ะฝะฐ ะพั‚ะดั‹ั….
14. ะ•ัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ั ะฟะพะปัƒั‡ะธะป ะฟะพะดะฐั€ะพะบ, ั ะฑั‹ *ะฟะพะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐั€ะธะป* (thank) ะตะณะพ.
15. ะžะฝะธ ะฑั‹ ะฝะต *ั‚ะตั€ัะปะธ* (lose) ะฒั€ะตะผั, ะตัะปะธ ะฑั‹ ะทะฝะฐะปะธ ะฟัƒั‚ัŒ.

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