Complex sentences in Swahili language, just like in English or any other language, are composed by combining two or more clauses. A clause is a group of words which contains a subject and a predicate. Complex sentences can be created by using conjunctions to join clauses, or by using relative pronouns to relate a subordinate clause to a main clause. These type of sentences often express detailed or layered information, making the communication more efficient and fluid.
Exercise 1: Filling in Conjunctions in Complex Sentences
1. Mimi ni mwalimu *kwa sababu* (because) ninaipenda taaluma yangu.
2. Nahitaji kuchukua mapumziko *lakini* (but) sijamaliza kazi yangu.
3. *Ingawa* (although) alikuwa amechelewa, alihakikisha amefika kazini.
4. Mimi hukutana na rafiki yangu *kila* (every) siku Jumamosi.
5. *Japo* (though) injini ya gari ilikuwa na shida, aliendelea na safari.
6. *Pindi* (when) nitakapofika nyumbani, nitakupigia simu.
7. Nahitaji kusoma *ili* (so that) nifanikiwe kwenye mtihani wangu.
8. *Endapo* (if) mvua itaendelea kunyesha, sitakwenda shuleni.
9. Nitakwenda sokoni *ikiwa* (if) nitapata pesa.
10. Ninaenda kufanya mazoezi *kwani* (since) nataka kuwa na afya njema.
11. *Wala* (nor) mimi wala wewe hatutaki kufanya kazi leo.
12. Atakuja kwa sherehe *ambapo* (where) atakutana na rafiki zake.
13. Hassan na Salim wanakwenda shuleni *ambako* (where) wanasoma.
14. *Ijapokuwa* (even though) niliamka mapema, nilichelewa kazini.
15. Nitasoma *kabla* (before) nijitayarishe kwenda shuleni.
2. Nahitaji kuchukua mapumziko *lakini* (but) sijamaliza kazi yangu.
3. *Ingawa* (although) alikuwa amechelewa, alihakikisha amefika kazini.
4. Mimi hukutana na rafiki yangu *kila* (every) siku Jumamosi.
5. *Japo* (though) injini ya gari ilikuwa na shida, aliendelea na safari.
6. *Pindi* (when) nitakapofika nyumbani, nitakupigia simu.
7. Nahitaji kusoma *ili* (so that) nifanikiwe kwenye mtihani wangu.
8. *Endapo* (if) mvua itaendelea kunyesha, sitakwenda shuleni.
9. Nitakwenda sokoni *ikiwa* (if) nitapata pesa.
10. Ninaenda kufanya mazoezi *kwani* (since) nataka kuwa na afya njema.
11. *Wala* (nor) mimi wala wewe hatutaki kufanya kazi leo.
12. Atakuja kwa sherehe *ambapo* (where) atakutana na rafiki zake.
13. Hassan na Salim wanakwenda shuleni *ambako* (where) wanasoma.
14. *Ijapokuwa* (even though) niliamka mapema, nilichelewa kazini.
15. Nitasoma *kabla* (before) nijitayarishe kwenda shuleni.
Exercise 2: Filling Relative Pronouns in Complex Sentences
1. Hiki ni kitabu *ambacho* (which) nimesoma.
2. Ule ni uwanja *ambapo* (where) tunacheza mpira.
3. Huyu ni dada *ambaye* (who) alinisaidia shuleni.
4. Hii ndiyo sababu *ambayo* (why) sikuhudhuria mkutano.
5. Anakaa na babu *ambaye* (who) ni mwandishi.
6. Wanafunzi *wanao* (who) chukua muda mrefu kusoma hufaulu.
7. Tunaenda sokoni kununua matunda *ambayo* (which) ni tamu.
8. Alikuwa na furaha *kiasi* (such) ambacho sijawahi kuona mbele.
9. Usaidie kila *yule* (who) anayehitaji msaada wako.
10. Nitakuja kukuchukua *wakati* (when) nitakapomaliza kazi.
11. Alibadilisha anwani *yake* (his) bila ya kuniambia.
12. Nyumba *aliyo* (that) inunua ni kubwa sana.
13. *Hata* (even) akiamuka mapema, bado hufika kazini kuchelewa.
14. *Yule* (that) aliyetufanyia hivyo ataadhibiwa.
15. Habari *zile* (that) ulizonipa hazikuwa za kweli.
2. Ule ni uwanja *ambapo* (where) tunacheza mpira.
3. Huyu ni dada *ambaye* (who) alinisaidia shuleni.
4. Hii ndiyo sababu *ambayo* (why) sikuhudhuria mkutano.
5. Anakaa na babu *ambaye* (who) ni mwandishi.
6. Wanafunzi *wanao* (who) chukua muda mrefu kusoma hufaulu.
7. Tunaenda sokoni kununua matunda *ambayo* (which) ni tamu.
8. Alikuwa na furaha *kiasi* (such) ambacho sijawahi kuona mbele.
9. Usaidie kila *yule* (who) anayehitaji msaada wako.
10. Nitakuja kukuchukua *wakati* (when) nitakapomaliza kazi.
11. Alibadilisha anwani *yake* (his) bila ya kuniambia.
12. Nyumba *aliyo* (that) inunua ni kubwa sana.
13. *Hata* (even) akiamuka mapema, bado hufika kazini kuchelewa.
14. *Yule* (that) aliyetufanyia hivyo ataadhibiwa.
15. Habari *zile* (that) ulizonipa hazikuwa za kweli.
