What Are Phrasal Verbs?

Phrasal verbs are multi-word combinations that consist of a verb and an accompanying particle, either a preposition or an adverb, or in some cases both. These combinations usually result in a new meaning that is different from the individual components. For example, the phrasal verb “å se etter” (to look for) is derived from the verb “å se” (to see) and the particle “etter” (after). The meaning of “å se etter” is distinct from the meanings of “å se” and “etter” on their own.

Construction and Usage of Phrasal Verbs in Norwegian

In Norwegian grammar, phrasal verbs can be separated into two main categories: transitive and intransitive.

Transitive Phrasal Verbs

Transitive phrasal verbs in Norwegian require an object to complete their meaning. This object can be a noun or a pronoun. Some examples of transitive phrasal verbs are:

1. å slå på (to turn on) – Jeg slår på radioen. (I turn on the radio.)
2. å gi opp (to give up) – Han ga opp jobben. (He gave up the job.)

When a pronoun is used as an object, the particle usually comes before the pronoun. For example:

1. Jeg slår den på. (I turn it on.)
2. Han ga den opp. (He gave it up.)

Intransitive Phrasal Verbs

Intransitive phrasal verbs, on the other hand, do not require an object to complete their meaning. These verbs can stand on their own and maintain their meaning. Examples of intransitive phrasal verbs are:

1. å stå opp (to get up, stand up) – Hun står opp klokka 7. (She gets up at 7 o’clock.)
2. å legge seg (to lie down, go to bed) – De legger seg tidlig. (They go to bed early.)

Phrasal Verb Lists and Common Phrasal Verbs

Mastering phrasal verbs in Norwegian requires practice and understanding the patterns and meanings of common phrasal verbs. For this purpose, refer to phrasal verb lists of frequently used combinations. Some common Norwegian phrasal verbs are:

1. å komme fram (to arrive, reach) – Bussen kommer fram klokka to. (The bus arrives at two o’clock.)
2. å gå ut (to go out) – Vi går ut hver fredag. (We go out every Friday.)

Conclusion

In Norwegian grammar, understanding phrasal verbs is essential for fluency and mastery of the language. By practicing the aforementioned concepts, familiarizing yourself with common phrasal verbs, and referring to lists of these combinations, you will be well on your way to mastering this fascinating feature of the Norwegian language.