Understanding Comparative Adjectives in Marathi Grammar

Marathi, an Indo-Aryan language, employs unique grammar rules to express comparison using comparative adjectives. In this article, we examine how comparative adjectives are utilized in Marathi grammar and explore detailed examples that highlight their usage.

Formation of Comparative Adjectives in Marathi

To master comparative adjectives in Marathi, learners must understand the process of creating comparative adjectives through the addition of suffixes or by employing specific terms. Several ways to achieve this include:

1. Adding the suffix “-तर”

When constructing comparative adjectives, Marathi speakers typically add the suffix “-तर” to the adjective’s stem. This process follows a standard pattern, outlined below:

– मोठा (moṭhā) – big
– मोठातर (moṭhātar) – bigger

Additional examples of this pattern are:

– लहान (lahān) – small
– लहानतर (lahāntar) – smaller

– उंच (uñc) – high
– उंचतर (uñctar) – higher

2. Using Comparative Terms

Marathi language also employs alternative words to denote comparison, including:

– जास्त (jāst) – more
– कमी (kamī) – less

These terms can be paired with adjectives to form comparative expressions:

– जास्त सुंदर (jāst sundar) – more beautiful
– कमी सुंदर (kamī sundar) – less beautiful

Comparative Adjectives in Marathi Sentences

To gain a more comprehensive understanding of comparative adjectives in Marathi grammar, let us examine how these adjectives are used in different sentence structures:

1. Comparing Two Nouns

In Marathi, when making a comparison between two nouns, the word “पेक्षा” (pekṣā) is employed. This word means “compared to” or “in comparison with.” Examples include:

– राम श्यामपेक्षा मोठातर आहे (Rāma śyāmapekṣā moṭhātar āhe) – Ram is bigger than Shyam
– राम श्यामपेक्षा जास्त बुद्धिमान आहे (Rāma śyāmapekṣā jāst buddhimān āhe) – Ram is more intelligent than Shyam

2. Comparing Qualities or Actions

To compare qualities or actions, Marathi speakers employ the words “जास्त” (jāst) and “कमी” (kamī) to convey “more” and “less,” respectively:

– आज उष्णता जास्त आहे (Āja uṣṇatā jāst āhe) – Today is hotter
– आज दावा कमी आहे (Āja dāvā kamī āhe) – Today is less noisy

Conclusion

Comprehending the concept and use of comparative adjectives in Marathi grammar not only enriches one’s language skills, but also enables learners to express comparisons with precision and clarity. By understanding the formation of comparative adjectives and their integration into sentences, individuals can effectively communicate and better appreciate the dynamic structure of the Marathi language.