Understanding “Constipado” in Portugal
Meaning and Usage
In Portugal, the word “constipado” is widely used in everyday conversations. If someone says they are “constipado,” they are simply letting you know that they have a cold. It refers to the common cold, which involves symptoms like a runny nose, sneezing, mild fever, or a sore throat. For example:
Estou constipado. (I have a cold.)
This term is derived from the verb “constipar,” meaning to catch a cold or to become congested. It is completely normal and does not carry any embarrassing or awkward connotation. Children and adults alike use it to describe their symptoms when feeling unwell due to a cold.
Other Related Expressions
In Portugal, you might also hear:
- Estou engripado – I have the flu (stronger symptoms than “constipado”)
- Tenho o nariz entupido – I have a stuffy nose
However, “constipado” remains the go-to word for describing a common cold.
What Does “Constipado” Mean in Brazil?
A Very Different Meaning
In Brazil, the word “constipado” takes on a completely different meaning. Here, if someone says they are “constipado,” they are referring to being constipated—that is, having difficulty with bowel movements. The term is related to the digestive system and has nothing to do with a cold or flu.
For example:
Estou constipado. (I am constipated.)
This difference can lead to humorous or awkward misunderstandings if you use the word in the wrong context while traveling or speaking with Brazilian friends.
How to Say “I Have a Cold” in Brazil
If you want to say you have a cold in Brazil, use:
- Estou resfriado (for males) or Estou resfriada (for females)
- Estou gripado/gripada – I have the flu (stronger than a cold)
Using “resfriado” or “resfriada” will ensure you are clearly understood when talking about cold symptoms in Brazil.
Why Do These Differences Exist?
Language evolves differently across regions, even when sharing the same roots. The word “constipado” comes from Latin origins, related to “constipare” (to press together or crowd). Over time, Portugal maintained the meaning of nasal congestion, while Brazil shifted toward the digestive sense, influenced by medical terminology and English usage (where “constipated” refers to bowel movements). Understanding these historical and cultural shifts is key for learners aiming for fluency in both forms of Portuguese.
Tips for Portuguese Learners: Avoiding Misunderstandings
- Know your audience: Always consider whether you are speaking to someone from Portugal or Brazil before using the word “constipado.”
- Use local terms: In Portugal, use “constipado” for a cold. In Brazil, use “resfriado/resfriada.”
- Clarify when unsure: If you’re not certain which word to use, describe your symptoms or ask how people refer to a cold or constipation in that region.
- Practice with context: The Talkpal – AI language learning blog offers practical examples and exercises to help reinforce these differences.
Conclusion
“Constipado” is a perfect example of how the same word can have very different meanings in European and Brazilian Portuguese. By remembering that it means “having a cold” in Portugal and “being constipated” in Brazil, you can avoid embarrassing moments and improve your communication skills. For more insights into regional Portuguese differences and practical language tips, explore the resources and articles available on the Talkpal – AI language learning blog. Happy learning and safe travels on your Portuguese language journey!
