Common Phrases and Expressions
As you advance, it’s important to know some commonly used phrases and expressions. These will help you navigate through various social settings.
– Tere! – Hello!
– Kuidas sul läheb? – How are you?
– Tänan, hästi. – Thank you, well.
– Vabandust! – Sorry!
– Palun – Please / You’re welcome
– Jah – Yes
– Ei – No
– Head aega! – Goodbye!
These phrases can be used in casual conversations and are essential for making a good first impression.
Essential Verbs
Understanding and using verbs correctly is a significant step toward mastering any language. Here are some intermediate-level Estonian verbs that will be incredibly useful:
– Mõtlema (to think) – Example: Ma mõtlen tihti sinu peale. (I think of you often.)
– Tundma (to feel, to know) – Example: Kas sa tunned teda? (Do you know him/her?)
– Tegema (to do, to make) – Example: Mida sa teed? (What are you doing?)
– Minema (to go) – Example: Me läheme poodi. (We are going to the store.)
– Tulema (to come) – Example: Ta tuleb hiljem. (He/She is coming later.)
– Nägema (to see) – Example: Ma ei näe sind. (I don’t see you.)
– Jääma (to stay, to remain) – Example: Ma jään siia. (I am staying here.)
– Saama (to get, to become) – Example: Ta sai kingituse. (He/She got a gift.)
– Võima (to be able to, can) – Example: Ma võin tulla. (I can come.)
These verbs are often used in daily conversations, and mastering them will make your speech more fluent and natural.
Nouns for Daily Life
Your vocabulary should also include nouns that are frequently used in day-to-day life. Here are some essential ones:
Household Items
– Voodi – Bed
– Tool – Chair
– Laua – Table
– Lamp – Lamp
– Aken – Window
– Uks – Door
– Riiul – Shelf
– Kapp – Cabinet
Food and Drink
– Leib – Bread
– Piim – Milk
– Vesi – Water
– Õun – Apple
– Juust – Cheese
– Kohv – Coffee
– Tee – Tea
– Kartul – Potato
– Kana – Chicken
Clothing
– Särk – Shirt
– Püksid – Pants
– Kleit – Dress
– Sokid – Socks
– Kingad – Shoes
– Müts – Hat
– Jope – Jacket
– Kampsun – Sweater
Body Parts
– Pea – Head
– Käsi – Hand
– Jalg – Leg
– Silm – Eye
– Kõrv – Ear
– Nina – Nose
– Suu – Mouth
– Juuksed – Hair
Adjectives
To describe things, people, or situations more accurately, you need a good range of adjectives. Here are some useful ones:
– Suur – Big
– Väike – Small
– Kallis – Expensive
– Odav – Cheap
– Ilus – Beautiful
– Kole – Ugly
– Noor – Young
– Vana – Old
– Raske – Heavy
– Kerge – Light
– Pikk – Tall, Long
– Lühike – Short
– Kiire – Fast
– Aeglane – Slow
These adjectives will help you provide more detail in your conversations and writing.
Numbers and Time
Understanding numbers and time expressions is crucial for various everyday situations, from shopping to scheduling.
Numbers
– Üks – One
– Kaks – Two
– Kolm – Three
– Neli – Four
– Viis – Five
– Kuus – Six
– Seitse – Seven
– Kaheksa – Eight
– Üheksa – Nine
– Kümme – Ten
Time
– Tund – Hour
– Minut – Minute
– Sekund – Second
– Hommik – Morning
– Päev – Day
– Õhtu – Evening
– Öö – Night
– Nädal – Week
– Kuu – Month
– Aasta – Year
Knowing these will help you make appointments, understand schedules, and manage your time more effectively.
Questions and Directions
Being able to ask questions and understand directions is essential for navigating through new places and situations.
– Kus? – Where?
– Millal? – When?
– Mis? – What?
– Kes? – Who?
– Miks? – Why?
– Kuidas? – How?
Directions
– Otse – Straight
– Paremal – Right
– Vasakul – Left
– Ees – In front
– Taga – Behind
– Üleval – Above
– All – Below
– Lähedal – Near
– Kaugel – Far
These words will help you ask for and understand directions, making it easier to navigate through both rural and urban areas.
Useful Phrases for Intermediate Learners
Here are some phrases that combine the vocabulary you’ve learned and are useful for intermediate-level conversations:
– Kas sa saad aidata mind? – Can you help me?
– Kui palju see maksab? – How much does it cost?
– Ma ei saa aru. – I don’t understand.
– Kust sa pärit oled? – Where are you from?
– Mul on küsimus. – I have a question.
– See on väga huvitav. – This is very interesting.
– Kas sa räägid inglise keelt? – Do you speak English?
– Mulle meeldib see koht. – I like this place.
– Palun korrake. – Please repeat.
– Kuhu me läheme? – Where are we going?
These phrases will help you engage in more complex conversations and express your thoughts and questions more clearly.
Tips for Expanding Your Vocabulary
Expanding your vocabulary is an ongoing process. Here are some tips to help you continue growing your Estonian word bank:
– Read Regularly: Reading books, newspapers, and online articles in Estonian will expose you to new words and phrases.
– Watch Movies and TV Shows: Watching Estonian films and shows can help you understand how words are used in context.
– Practice Speaking: The more you practice speaking, the more naturally the words will come to you. Try to find language exchange partners or join Estonian-speaking groups.
– Use Flashcards: Create flashcards for new words and review them regularly.
– Write Daily: Keep a journal in Estonian to practice using new vocabulary.
– Listen to Music and Podcasts: This will help you get accustomed to the natural rhythm and intonation of the language.
By incorporating these tips into your learning routine, you’ll find that your vocabulary expands more quickly and effectively.
Conclusion
Mastering intermediate-level vocabulary is a significant milestone in your journey to fluency in Estonian. By familiarizing yourself with these essential words and phrases, you’ll find that you can navigate everyday situations with greater ease and confidence. Remember to practice regularly, immerse yourself in the language as much as possible, and enjoy the process of learning. Happy studying!
