Greetings and Basic Phrases
Greetings are the first step to starting any conversation. Here are some basic greetings and phrases you should know:
1. Hello/Hi – سلام (Salam)
2. Goodbye – خداحافظ (Khuda Hafiz)
3. Please – براۂ کرم (Barah-e-Karam)
4. Thank you – شکریہ (Shukriya)
5. Yes – جی ہاں (Ji Haan)
6. No – نہیں (Nahi)
7. Excuse me/Sorry – معاف کیجیے (Maaf Kijiye)
8. How are you? – آپ کیسے ہیں؟ (Aap Kaise Hain?)
9. I am fine – میں ٹھیک ہوں (Main Theek Hoon)
10. What is your name? – آپ کا نام کیا ہے؟ (Aap Ka Naam Kya Hai?)
11. My name is… – میرا نام … ہے (Mera Naam … Hai)
Numbers
Numbers are fundamental in any language. Here are the numbers from 1 to 10 in Urdu:
1. One – ایک (Aik)
2. Two – دو (Do)
3. Three – تین (Teen)
4. Four – چار (Chaar)
5. Five – پانچ (Paanch)
6. Six – چھ (Chay)
7. Seven – سات (Saat)
8. Eight – آٹھ (Aath)
9. Nine – نو (Nau)
10. Ten – دس (Das)
Common Nouns
Learning common nouns is essential for building your vocabulary. Here are some everyday nouns you should know:
1. House – گھر (Ghar)
2. Car – گاڑی (Gari)
3. Book – کتاب (Kitaab)
4. Pen – قلم (Qalam)
5. Water – پانی (Pani)
6. Food – کھانا (Khana)
7. Friend – دوست (Dost)
8. School – سکول (School)
9. Teacher – استاد (Ustaad)
10. Student – طالب علم (Taalib-e-Ilm)
Family Members
Knowing the words for family members is crucial for any beginner. Here are some basic terms:
1. Father – والد (Walid)
2. Mother – والدہ (Walida)
3. Brother – بھائی (Bhai)
4. Sister – بہن (Behen)
5. Son – بیٹا (Beta)
6. Daughter – بیٹی (Beti)
7. Uncle – چچا (Chacha) / ماموں (Mamoo)
8. Aunt – چچی (Chachi) / ممانی (Mamoni)
9. Grandfather – دادا (Dada) / نانا (Nana)
10. Grandmother – دادی (Dadi) / نانی (Nani)
Days of the Week
Understanding the days of the week is essential for planning and conversation:
1. Monday – پیر (Peer)
2. Tuesday – منگل (Mangal)
3. Wednesday – بدھ (Budh)
4. Thursday – جمعرات (Jumeraat)
5. Friday – جمعہ (Jumma)
6. Saturday – ہفتہ (Hafta)
7. Sunday – اتوار (Itwaar)
Basic Adjectives
Adjectives help you describe nouns and are essential for making your speech more detailed and interesting:
1. Big – بڑا (Bara)
2. Small – چھوٹا (Chhota)
3. Good – اچھا (Achha)
4. Bad – برا (Bura)
5. Happy – خوش (Khush)
6. Sad – اداس (Udaas)
7. Hot – گرم (Garam)
8. Cold – ٹھنڈا (Thanda)
9. Beautiful – خوبصورت (Khoobsurat)
10. Expensive – مہنگا (Mehnga)
Common Verbs
Verbs are action words and are crucial for constructing sentences. Here are some basic verbs:
1. To be – ہونا (Hona)
2. To have – رکھنا (Rakhna)
3. To go – جانا (Jana)
4. To come – آنا (Aana)
5. To eat – کھانا (Khana)
6. To drink – پینا (Peena)
7. To see – دیکھنا (Dekhna)
8. To speak – بولنا (Bolna)
9. To read – پڑھنا (Parhna)
10. To write – لکھنا (Likhna)
Question Words
Question words are essential for asking questions and gathering information:
1. What – کیا (Kya)
2. Who – کون (Kon)
3. Where – کہاں (Kahan)
4. When – کب (Kab)
5. Why – کیوں (Kyun)
6. How – کیسے (Kaise)
Colors
Colors are useful for describing objects and making your conversations more vivid:
1. Red – لال (Laal)
2. Blue – نیلا (Neela)
3. Green – سبز (Sabz)
4. Yellow – پیلا (Peela)
5. Black – کالا (Kala)
6. White – سفید (Safed)
7. Brown – بھورا (Bhoora)
8. Orange – نارنجی (Naranji)
9. Pink – گلابی (Gulaabi)
10. Purple – جامنی (Jamni)
Common Phrases
Here are some common phrases that you can use in everyday conversations:
1. How much is this? – یہ کتنے کا ہے؟ (Yeh Kitne Ka Hai?)
2. I don’t understand – میں نہیں سمجھا (Main Nahi Samjha)
3. Can you help me? – کیا آپ میری مدد کر سکتے ہیں؟ (Kya Aap Meri Madad Kar Sakte Hain?)
4. Where is the bathroom? – باتھ روم کہاں ہے؟ (Bathroom Kahan Hai?)
5. I like it – مجھے یہ پسند ہے (Mujhe Yeh Pasand Hai)
6. I don’t like it – مجھے یہ پسند نہیں (Mujhe Yeh Pasand Nahi)
7. What time is it? – کیا وقت ہوا ہے؟ (Kya Waqt Hua Hai?)
8. I am hungry – میں بھوکا ہوں (Main Bhooka Hoon)
9. I am thirsty – میں پیاسا ہوں (Main Pyaasa Hoon)
10. I am lost – میں کھو گیا ہوں (Main Kho Gaya Hoon)
Directions
Knowing how to ask for and understand directions is crucial when navigating new places:
1. Left – بائیں (Baen)
2. Right – دائیں (Daen)
3. Straight – سیدھا (Seedha)
4. Near – قریب (Qareeb)
5. Far – دور (Door)
6. North – شمال (Shumal)
7. South – جنوب (Junoob)
8. East – مشرق (Mashriq)
9. West – مغرب (Maghrib)
Body Parts
Here are some words for different parts of the body:
1. Head – سر (Sar)
2. Eye – آنکھ (Aankh)
3. Ear – کان (Kaan)
4. Nose – ناک (Naak)
5. Mouth – منہ (Munh)
6. Hand – ہاتھ (Haath)
7. Foot – پاؤں (Paun)
8. Leg – ٹانگ (Taang)
9. Arm – بازو (Baazu)
10. Heart – دل (Dil)
Weather
Weather is a common topic of conversation. Here are some weather-related words:
1. Rain – بارش (Barish)
2. Sun – سورج (Sooraj)
3. Cloud – بادل (Baadal)
4. Wind – ہوا (Hawa)
5. Hot – گرم (Garam)
6. Cold – سرد (Sard)
7. Snow – برف (Baraf)
8. Storm – طوفان (Toofan)
9. Fog – دھند (Dhund)
10. Thunder – گرج (Garaj)
Common Places
Here are some common places you might need to talk about:
1. House – گھر (Ghar)
2. School – سکول (School)
3. Market – بازار (Bazaar)
4. Hospital – ہسپتال (Hospital)
5. Restaurant – ریستوران (Restaurant)
6. Bank – بینک (Bank)
7. Park – پارک (Park)
8. Hotel – ہوٹل (Hotel)
9. Library – لائبریری (Library)
10. Cinema – سنیما (Cinema)
Basic Sentences
Here are some simple sentences to help you start forming your own:
1. I am a student – میں طالب علم ہوں (Main Taalib-e-Ilm Hoon)
2. This is my book – یہ میری کتاب ہے (Yeh Meri Kitaab Hai)
3. I live in Pakistan – میں پاکستان میں رہتا ہوں (Main Pakistan Mein Rehta Hoon)
4. I like to read – مجھے پڑھنا پسند ہے (Mujhe Parhna Pasand Hai)
5. She is my friend – وہ میری دوست ہے (Woh Meri Dost Hai)
6. What is this? – یہ کیا ہے؟ (Yeh Kya Hai?)
7. Where are you going? – آپ کہاں جا رہے ہیں؟ (Aap Kahan Ja Rahe Hain?)
8. I need help – مجھے مدد چاہیے (Mujhe Madad Chahiye)
9. I am learning Urdu – میں اردو سیکھ رہا ہوں (Main Urdu Seekh Raha Hoon)
10. Can you speak slowly? – کیا آپ آہستہ بول سکتے ہیں؟ (Kya Aap Ahista Bol Sakte Hain?)
By familiarizing yourself with these essential words and phrases, you’ll be well on your way to building a solid foundation in Urdu. Practice regularly, use these words in your daily conversations, and don’t be afraid to make mistakes. Language learning is a journey, and every step you take brings you closer to fluency. Happy learning!
