Understanding Comparative Adjectives in Urdu Grammar

Mastering the use of comparative adjectives in Urdu grammar is essential for effective communication in the Urdu language. Urdu, rich in linguistic heritage, extensively employs comparative adjectives to compare the qualities or attributes of two or more nouns. This article provides an in-depth analysis of comparative adjectives in Urdu, examining their formation, usage, and common examples.

Formation of Comparative Adjectives in Urdu

In Urdu, comparative adjectives are typically formed by adding the suffix “-تر” (tar) to the positive adjective. While this rule applies to most adjectives, irregular adjectives also exist, requiring memorization. The following are a few examples of regular comparative adjective formation in Urdu:

• Positive Adjective: بڑا (Bara – big) | Comparative Adjective: بڑاتر (Baratar – bigger)
• Positive Adjective: چھوٹا (Chhota – small) | Comparative Adjective: چھوٹا تر (Chhotatar – smaller)
• Positive Adjective: آنکھ (Aankh – eye) | Comparative Adjective: آنکھ تر (Aankhtar – more visionary)

Note that irregular adjectives may not follow the “-تر” suffix rule. For example:

• Positive Adjective: اچھا (Achha – good) | Comparative Adjective: بہتر (Behtar – better)

Utilizing Comparative Adjectives in Urdu Sentences

With the correct formation, incorporating comparative adjectives into Urdu sentences becomes seamless. The standard sentence structure comprises a subject, followed by the comparative adjective and the object being compared. Urdu employs the word “سے” (se) to indicate comparison. For example:

جملہ چوتر براتر ہے۔ (Jamila chhotar rehana se hai – Jamila is smaller than Rehana.)

Examples of Comparative Adjectives in Urdu Grammar

Examining common examples expands the comprehension of comparative adjectives in Urdu. These examples not only illustrate regular and irregular adjectives but also demonstrate their application in the language:

Example 1: Regular Comparative Adjectives

Positive Adjective: سستا (Sasta – cheap) | Comparative Adjective: سستاتر (Sastatar – cheaper)

دکان ۱ سستاتر ہے دکان ۲ سے۔ (Dukaan 1 sastatar hai Dukaan 2 se – Shop 1 is cheaper than Shop 2.)

Example 2: Irregular Comparative Adjectives

Positive Adjective: برا (Bura – bad) | Comparative Adjective: بدتر (Badtar – worse)

فلم ۱ بدتر ہے فلم ۲ سے۔ (Film 1 badtar hai Film 2 se – Film 1 is worse than Film 2.)

Conclusion

A thorough understanding of comparative adjectives in Urdu grammar is crucial for effective communication. The guidelines outlined in this article provide a solid foundation for grasping comparative adjective formation, usage, and examples. With practice and dedication, mastering comparative adjectives in Urdu becomes second nature, enriching the overall language experience.