Understanding the vocabulary related to politics and government is essential for anyone wishing to delve into discussions or the news in Russia. Here is a selection of such vocabulary in Russian, complete with definitions and example sentences to help you get started.

Политика (Politika) – Politics
This term denotes the activities associated with the governance of a country, especially the debate between parties having power.
Я интересуюсь политикой и регулярно читаю новости.

Правительство (Pravitel’stvo) – Government
The set of people with the authority to govern a country or state.
Правительство объявило о новых экономических реформах.

Президент (Prezident) – President
The elected head of a republican state.
Президент провел пресс-конференцию после встречи с иностранными делегатами.

Парламент (Parlament) – Parliament
A legislative body of government generally established by a constitution.
Парламент проголосовал за введение нового закона.

Депутат (Deputat) – Deputy or Member of Parliament
An individual who has been elected to a parliament and is responsible for representing the electorate.
Депутат выступил с речью о борьбе с коррупцией.

Конституция (Konstitutsiya) – Constitution
The system of fundamental principles according to which a state or other organization is governed.
Конституция гарантирует основные права и свободы граждан.

Избиратель (Izbiratel’) – Elector or Voter
A person who has the right to vote in an election.
Каждый избиратель имеет важную роль в выборах.

Выборы (Vybory) – Elections
The formal process through which the electorate selects a person for public office.
Многие граждане посетили избирательные участки на выборах этого года.

Демократия (Demokratiya) – Democracy
A system of government by the whole population, usually through elected representatives.
Демократия требует активного участия граждан в политической жизни страны.

Оппозиция (Oppozitsiya) – Opposition
The principal political party or coalition opposing the government.
Оппозиция критикует действующее правительство за экономическую политику.

Закон (Zakon) – Law
A system of rules created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate conduct.
Все граждане должны соблюдать законы своей страны.

Политическая партия (Politicheskaya partiya) – Political Party
An organized group of people with at least roughly similar political aims and opinions that seek to influence public policy by getting its candidates elected to public office.
Она решила вступить в политическую партию, чтобы иметь возможность влиять на процессы в стране.

Интересы (Interesy) – Interests
The aims or advantages sought by a person or group in a political context.
Политики должны учитывать интересы всех слоев населения.

Кампания (Kampaniya) – Campaign
An organized course of action to achieve a particular goal, often to get an individual elected.
Политическая кампания перед выборами была особенно активной.

Идеология (Ideologiya) – Ideology
A comprehensive set of beliefs or ideas that an individual or group holds about the way power and politics should be used in society.
Его политические убеждения сильно коррелируют с идеологией партии.

By familiarizing yourself with this vocabulary, you will be better equipped to understand and participate in discussions about Russian politics and government. Keep practicing and immerse yourself in the language to gain a deeper understanding of these important terms.