Nouns are the building blocks of any language, and Urdu is no different. Here are some common nouns that you should know:

1. **کتاب (Kitaab)** – Book
– Example: میں کتاب پڑھ رہا ہوں۔
– Translation: I am reading a book.

2. **گھر (Ghar)** – House
– Example: میرا گھر بہت خوبصورت ہے۔
– Translation: My house is very beautiful.

3. **دوست (Dost)** – Friend
– Example: میرے دوست کا نام علی ہے۔
– Translation: My friend’s name is Ali.

4. **سکول (School)** – School
– Example: بچے سکول جا رہے ہیں۔
– Translation: The children are going to school.

5. **بازار (Bazaar)** – Market
– Example: میں بازار سے سبزی خریدوں گا۔
– Translation: I will buy vegetables from the market.

Common Verbs

Verbs are essential for expressing actions, states, and occurrences. Here are some common verbs that you should know:

1. **کرنا (Karna)** – To do
– Example: میں کام کر رہا ہوں۔
– Translation: I am working.

2. **کھانا (Khana)** – To eat
– Example: کیا تم نے کھانا کھایا؟
– Translation: Have you eaten?

3. **پینا (Peena)** – To drink
– Example: میں پانی پی رہا ہوں۔
– Translation: I am drinking water.

4. **لکھنا (Likhna)** – To write
– Example: وہ خط لکھ رہا ہے۔
– Translation: He is writing a letter.

5. **پڑھنا (Parhna)** – To read / To study
– Example: میں اردو پڑھ رہا ہوں۔
– Translation: I am studying Urdu.

Adjectives

Adjectives are used to describe or modify nouns and pronouns. Here are some common adjectives that you should know:

1. **اچھا (Achha)** – Good
– Example: یہ کتاب بہت اچھی ہے۔
– Translation: This book is very good.

2. **بڑا (Bara)** – Big
– Example: میرا گھر بہت بڑا ہے۔
– Translation: My house is very big.

3. **چھوٹا (Chhota)** – Small
– Example: یہ پنسل بہت چھوٹی ہے۔
– Translation: This pencil is very small.

4. **خوبصورت (Khoobsurat)** – Beautiful
– Example: یہ باغ بہت خوبصورت ہے۔
– Translation: This garden is very beautiful.

5. **مہنگا (Mehnga)** – Expensive
– Example: یہ کپڑے بہت مہنگے ہیں۔
– Translation: These clothes are very expensive.

Pronouns

Pronouns are used in place of nouns to avoid repetition. Here are some common pronouns that you should know:

1. **میں (Main)** – I
– Example: میں جا رہا ہوں۔
– Translation: I am going.

2. **آپ (Aap)** – You (formal)
– Example: آپ کیسے ہیں؟
– Translation: How are you?

3. **تم (Tum)** – You (informal)
– Example: تم کہاں جا رہے ہو؟
– Translation: Where are you going?

4. **وہ (Woh)** – He/She/It
– Example: وہ سکول جا رہا ہے۔
– Translation: He is going to school.

5. **ہم (Hum)** – We
– Example: ہم کھیل رہے ہیں۔
– Translation: We are playing.

Common Phrases and Expressions

Phrases and expressions are crucial for daily communication. Here are some common ones that you should know:

1. **السلام علیکم (Assalamu Alaikum)** – Peace be upon you (Hello)
– Response: وعلیکم السلام (Wa Alaikum Assalam) – And peace be upon you.

2. **شکریہ (Shukriya)** – Thank you
– Example: آپ کا شکریہ۔
– Translation: Thank you.

3. **براہ کرم (Barah-e-Karam)** – Please
– Example: براہ کرم دروازہ بند کریں۔
– Translation: Please close the door.

4. **معاف کرنا (Maaf Karna)** – Sorry
– Example: مجھے معاف کریں۔
– Translation: Forgive me.

5. **کیا وقت ہے؟ (Kya Waqt Hai?)** – What time is it?
– Example: کیا وقت ہے؟
– Translation: What time is it?

Prepositions

Prepositions are used to indicate relationships between different elements in a sentence. Here are some common prepositions that you should know:

1. **میں (Mein)** – In
– Example: میں کمرے میں ہوں۔
– Translation: I am in the room.

2. **پر (Par)** – On
– Example: کتاب میز پر ہے۔
– Translation: The book is on the table.

3. **کے ساتھ (Ke Saath)** – With
– Example: میں اپنے دوست کے ساتھ جا رہا ہوں۔
– Translation: I am going with my friend.

4. **کے بعد (Ke Baad)** – After
– Example: کھانے کے بعد ہم چائے پیتے ہیں۔
– Translation: After eating, we drink tea.

5. **کے نیچے (Ke Neeche)** – Under
– Example: بلی میز کے نیچے ہے۔
– Translation: The cat is under the table.

Conjunctions

Conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases, or clauses. Here are some common conjunctions that you should know:

1. **اور (Aur)** – And
– Example: میں چائے اور کافی دونوں پسند کرتا ہوں۔
– Translation: I like both tea and coffee.

2. **لیکن (Lekin)** – But
– Example: میں جانا چاہتا ہوں لیکن وقت نہیں ہے۔
– Translation: I want to go, but I don’t have time.

3. **کیونکہ (Kyunke)** – Because
– Example: میں نہیں آیا کیونکہ میں بیمار تھا۔
– Translation: I didn’t come because I was sick.

4. **یا (Ya)** – Or
– Example: آپ چائے یا کافی چاہیں گے؟
– Translation: Do you want tea or coffee?

5. **اگر (Agar)** – If
– Example: اگر آپ آئیں گے تو ہم خوش ہوں گے۔
– Translation: If you come, we will be happy.

Numbers

Numbers are essential for various aspects of daily life, such as telling time, shopping, and more. Here are the numbers from 1 to 10 in Urdu:

1. **ایک (Aik)** – One
2. **دو (Do)** – Two
3. **تین (Teen)** – Three
4. **چار (Chaar)** – Four
5. **پانچ (Paanch)** – Five
6. **چھ (Chheh)** – Six
7. **سات (Saat)** – Seven
8. **آٹھ (Aath)** – Eight
9. **نو (Nau)** – Nine
10. **دس (Das)** – Ten

Days of the Week

Knowing the days of the week is crucial for scheduling and understanding time-related conversations. Here are the days of the week in Urdu:

1. **پیر (Peer)** – Monday
2. **منگل (Mangal)** – Tuesday
3. **بدھ (Budh)** – Wednesday
4. **جمعرات (Jumeraat)** – Thursday
5. **جمعہ (Jumma)** – Friday
6. **ہفتہ (Hafta)** – Saturday
7. **اتوار (Itwaar)** – Sunday

Colors

Colors are often used to describe objects, clothing, and more. Here are some common colors in Urdu:

1. **سرخ (Surkh)** – Red
2. **نیلا (Neela)** – Blue
3. **سبز (Sabz)** – Green
4. **پیلا (Peela)** – Yellow
5. **سفید (Safed)** – White
6. **کالا (Kala)** – Black
7. **بھورا (Bhoora)** – Brown
8. **گلابی (Gulabi)** – Pink
9. **جامنی (Jamni)** – Purple
10. **نارنجی (Naranji)** – Orange

Food and Drink

Food and drink are integral parts of daily life, and knowing the relevant vocabulary is essential. Here are some common food and drink items in Urdu:

1. **روٹی (Roti)** – Bread
2. **چاول (Chawal)** – Rice
3. **دال (Daal)** – Lentils
4. **سبزی (Sabzi)** – Vegetable
5. **گوشت (Gosht)** – Meat
6. **پانی (Pani)** – Water
7. **چائے (Chai)** – Tea
8. **دودھ (Doodh)** – Milk
9. **جوس (Juice)** – Juice
10. **پھل (Phal)** – Fruit

Family Members

Discussing family is a common topic in conversations. Here are the names of some family members in Urdu:

1. **ماں (Maan)** – Mother
2. **باپ (Baap)** – Father
3. **بھائی (Bhai)** – Brother
4. **بہن (Behen)** – Sister
5. **دادا (Dada)** – Grandfather (Paternal)
6. **دادی (Dadi)** – Grandmother (Paternal)
7. **نانا (Nana)** – Grandfather (Maternal)
8. **نانی (Nani)** – Grandmother (Maternal)
9. **بیٹا (Beta)** – Son
10. **بیٹی (Beti)** – Daughter

Body Parts

Knowing the names of body parts is useful in various situations, such as visiting a doctor. Here are some common body parts in Urdu:

1. **سر (Sar)** – Head
2. **آنکھ (Aankh)** – Eye
3. **ناک (Naak)** – Nose
4. **کان (Kaan)** – Ear
5. **منہ (Munh)** – Mouth
6. **ہاتھ (Haath)** – Hand
7. **پیر (Pair)** – Foot
8. **دل (Dil)** – Heart
9. **پیٹ (Pait)** – Stomach
10. **ٹانگ (Taang)** – Leg

Weather

Talking about the weather is a common icebreaker. Here are some weather-related words in Urdu:

1. **موسم (Mausam)** – Weather
2. **گرمی (Garmi)** – Heat / Hot
– Example: آج بہت گرمی ہے۔
– Translation: It is very hot today.

3. **سردی (Sardi)** – Cold
– Example: آج بہت سردی ہے۔
– Translation: It is very cold today.

4. **بارش (Barish)** – Rain
– Example: بارش ہو رہی ہے۔
– Translation: It is raining.

5. **برف (Baraf)** – Snow
– Example: پہاڑوں پر برف پڑ رہی ہے۔
– Translation: It is snowing on the mountains.

6. **دھوپ (Dhoop)** – Sunshine
– Example: آج دھوپ نکلی ہوئی ہے۔
– Translation: It is sunny today.

Transportation

Knowing transportation-related vocabulary is essential for navigating through different places. Here are some common transportation words in Urdu:

1. **گاڑی (Gaari)** – Car
2. **بس (Bus)** – Bus
3. **ٹرین (Train)** – Train
4. **جہاز (Jahaaz)** – Airplane
5. **موٹر سائیکل (Motorcycle)** – Motorcycle
6. **کشتی (Kashti)** – Boat
7. **سائیکل (Cycle)** – Bicycle
8. **رکشہ (Rickshaw)** – Rickshaw
9. **ٹیکسی (Taxi)** – Taxi
10. **جہاز (Jahaaz)** – Ship

Shopping

Shopping is a common activity, and knowing the relevant vocabulary can make the experience smoother. Here are some common shopping-related words in Urdu:

1. **قیمت (Qeemat)** – Price
2. **پیسے (Paise)** – Money
3. **دوکان (Dukaan)** – Shop
4. **خریدنا (Khareedna)** – To buy
5. **فروخت کرنا (Froht Karna)** – To sell
6. **رعایت (Riyat)** – Discount
7. **رسید (Raseed)** – Receipt
8. **دکان دار (Dukaan Daar)** – Shopkeeper
9. **گاہک (Gahak)** – Customer
10. **بازار (Bazaar)** – Market

Health and Medicine

When discussing health or visiting a doctor, knowing the relevant vocabulary is crucial. Here are some health and medicine-related words in Urdu:

1. **ڈاکٹر (Doctor)** – Doctor
2. **نرس (Nurse)** – Nurse
3. **دوائی (Dawai)** – Medicine
4. **ہسپتال (Hospital)** – Hospital
5. **بیمار (Beemar)** – Sick
6. **صحت (Sehat)** – Health
7. **بخار (Bukhaar)** – Fever
8. **درد (Dard)** – Pain
9. **زخم (Zakham)** – Wound
10. **علاج (Ilaaj)** – Treatment

Emergency Phrases

In case of emergencies, knowing specific phrases can be life-saving. Here are some emergency phrases in Urdu:

1. **مدد کریں! (Madad Karein!)** – Help!
2. **پولیس کو بلائیں (Police Ko Bulayein)** – Call the police
3. **آگ لگ گئی ہے (Aag Lag Gayi Hai)** – There’s a fire
4. **مجھے ڈاکٹر کی ضرورت ہے (Mujhe Doctor Ki Zaroorat Hai)** – I need a doctor
5. **میں کھو گیا ہوں (Main Kho Gaya Hoon)** – I am lost

Learning these words and phrases will significantly enhance your ability to communicate in Urdu at an A2 level. Practice using them in sentences and conversations to make them a natural part of your vocabulary. Remember, the key to language learning is consistent practice and exposure. Good luck, and happy learning!