Learning a new language can be both an exciting and challenging endeavor. When it comes to Ukrainian, reaching the A2 level means you have already covered the basics and are now ready to expand your vocabulary to communicate more effectively. At this level, you should be familiar with a range of words and phrases that will help you navigate everyday conversations, understand simple texts, and express your thoughts with greater clarity.
In this article, we will cover essential Ukrainian words and phrases that you should know at the A2 level. By the end, you’ll have a solid foundation to build upon as you continue your language learning journey.
Common Nouns
Nouns are the building blocks of any language. Here are some key nouns that you should know at the A2 level:
– Дім (dim) – House/Home
– Квартира (kvartyra) – Apartment
– Місто (misto) – City
– Село (selo) – Village
– Вулиця (vulytsia) – Street
– Магазин (mahazyn) – Store
– Школа (shkola) – School
– Робота (robota) – Job/Work
– Сім’я (sim’ya) – Family
– Друзі (druzi) – Friends
People and Relationships
Understanding words related to people and relationships is crucial. Here are some important terms:
– Чоловік (cholovik) – Man/Husband
– Жінка (zhinka) – Woman/Wife
– Дитина (dytyna) – Child
– Батько (bat’ko) – Father
– Мати (maty) – Mother
– Брат (brat) – Brother
– Сестра (sestra) – Sister
– Друг (druh) – Friend (male)
– Подруга (podruha) – Friend (female)
– Колега (koleha) – Colleague
Adjectives
Adjectives are essential for describing nouns. Here are some useful adjectives at the A2 level:
– Великий (velykyi) – Big
– Маленький (malen’kyi) – Small
– Гарний (harnyi) – Beautiful
– Поганий (pohanyy) – Bad
– Дорогий (dorohyi) – Expensive
– Дешевий (deshevyy) – Cheap
– Новий (novyy) – New
– Старий (staryy) – Old
– Швидкий (shvydkyy) – Fast
– Повільний (povil’nyy) – Slow
Verbs
Verbs are action words and are indispensable for constructing sentences. Here are some common verbs you should know:
– Бути (buty) – To be
– Мати (maty) – To have
– Йти (yti) – To go
– Робити (robyty) – To do
– Говорити (hovoryty) – To speak
– Читати (chytaty) – To read
– Писати (pysaty) – To write
– Дивитися (dyvytysia) – To watch
– Слухати (slukhaty) – To listen
– Грати (hraty) – To play
Conjugation of Key Verbs
Let’s look at the conjugation of some essential verbs in the present tense:
– Бути (to be)
– Я є (ya ye) – I am
– Ти є (ty ye) – You are (singular, informal)
– Він/Вона є (vin/vona ye) – He/She is
– Ми є (my ye) – We are
– Ви є (vy ye) – You are (plural, formal)
– Вони є (vony ye) – They are
– Мати (to have)
– Я маю (ya mayu) – I have
– Ти маєш (ty mayesh) – You have (singular, informal)
– Він/Вона має (vin/vona maye) – He/She has
– Ми маємо (my mayemo) – We have
– Ви маєте (vy mayete) – You have (plural, formal)
– Вони мають (vony mayut’) – They have
Adverbs
Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. They are useful in making your sentences more descriptive and nuanced. Here are some common adverbs:
– Швидко (shvydko) – Quickly
– Повільно (povil’no) – Slowly
– Добре (dobre) – Well
– Погано (pohano) – Badly
– Тут (tut) – Here
– Там (tam) – There
– Зараз (zaraz) – Now
– Пізніше (piznishe) – Later
– Завжди (zavzhdy) – Always
– Ніколи (nikoly) – Never
Prepositions
Prepositions are small words that can make a big difference in your sentences. They help in indicating relationships between different elements in a sentence. Here are some essential prepositions:
– В (v) – In
– На (na) – On
– Під (pid) – Under
– З (z) – With
– Без (bez) – Without
– Перед (pered) – Before
– Після (pislya) – After
– Для (dlya) – For
– Про (pro) – About
– Між (mizh) – Between
Pronouns
Pronouns are used to replace nouns and make sentences less repetitive. Here are some basic pronouns in Ukrainian:
– Я (ya) – I
– Ти (ty) – You (singular, informal)
– Він (vin) – He
– Вона (vona) – She
– Ми (my) – We
– Ви (vy) – You (plural, formal)
– Вони (vony) – They
Useful Phrases
Knowing individual words is important, but being able to use them in phrases is crucial for communication. Here are some useful phrases for various situations:
Greetings and Introductions
– Привіт (pryvit) – Hello
– Добрий день (dobryi den’) – Good day
– Як справи? (yak spravy?) – How are you?
– Мене звати… (mene zvaty…) – My name is…
– Дуже приємно (duzhe pryyemno) – Nice to meet you
Asking for Directions
– Де знаходиться…? (de znakhodytsya…?) – Where is…?
– Як дістатися до…? (yak distatysya do…?) – How to get to…?
– Поверніть ліворуч (povernit’ livoruch) – Turn left
– Поверніть праворуч (povernit’ pravoruch) – Turn right
– Прямо (pryamo) – Straight ahead
Shopping and Dining
– Скільки коштує? (skil’ky koshtuye?) – How much does it cost?
– Мені, будь ласка, … (meni, bud’ laska, …) – I would like…, please
– Чи є у вас…? (chy ye u vas…?) – Do you have…?
– Рахунок, будь ласка (rakhunok, bud’ laska) – The bill, please
– Смачного! (smachnoho!) – Bon appétit!
Numbers
Numbers are vital for various everyday tasks, such as shopping, telling time, and giving your phone number. Here are the numbers from 1 to 20:
1. Один (odyn)
2. Два (dva)
3. Три (try)
4. Чотири (chotyry)
5. П’ять (p’yat’)
6. Шість (shist’)
7. Сім (sim)
8. Вісім (visim)
9. Дев’ять (dev’yat’)
10. Десять (desyat’)
11. Одинадцять (odynadtsyat’)
12. Дванадцять (dvanadtsyat’)
13. Тринадцять (trynadtsyat’)
14. Чотирнадцять (chotyrnadtsyat’)
15. П’ятнадцять (p’yatnadtsyat’)
16. Шістнадцять (shistnadtsyat’)
17. Сімнадцять (simnadtsyat’)
18. Вісімнадцять (visimnadtsyat’)
19. Дев’ятнадцять (dev’yatnadtsyat’)
20. Двадцять (dvadtsyat’)
Days of the Week and Months
Being able to talk about days and months is essential for making plans and understanding dates. Here are the days of the week and months in Ukrainian:
Days of the Week
– Понеділок (ponedilok) – Monday
– Вівторок (vivtorok) – Tuesday
– Середа (sereda) – Wednesday
– Четвер (chetver) – Thursday
– П’ятниця (p’yatnytsya) – Friday
– Субота (subota) – Saturday
– Неділя (nedilya) – Sunday
Months of the Year
– Січень (sichen’) – January
– Лютий (lyutyy) – February
– Березень (berezen’) – March
– Квітень (kviten’) – April
– Травень (traven’) – May
– Червень (cherven’) – June
– Липень (lypen’) – July
– Серпень (serpen’) – August
– Вересень (veresen’) – September
– Жовтень (zhovten’) – October
– Листопад (lystopad) – November
– Грудень (hruden’) – December
Colors
Colors are often used to describe objects, clothing, and more. Here are some common colors in Ukrainian:
– Червоний (chervonyy) – Red
– Синій (syniy) – Blue
– Зелений (zelenyy) – Green
– Жовтий (zhovtyy) – Yellow
– Чорний (chornyy) – Black
– Білий (bilyy) – White
– Сірий (siryy) – Gray
– Коричневий (korychnevyy) – Brown
– Помаранчевий (pomaranchevyy) – Orange
– Фіолетовий (fioletovyy) – Purple
Time Expressions
Talking about time is a fundamental part of daily conversations. Here are some useful time expressions:
– Сьогодні (sohodni) – Today
– Вчора (vchora) – Yesterday
– Завтра (zavtra) – Tomorrow
– Ранок (ranok) – Morning
– День (den’) – Day
– Вечір (vechir) – Evening
– Ніч (nich) – Night
– Година (hodyna) – Hour
– Хвилина (khvylyna) – Minute
– Секунда (sekunda) – Second
Conclusion
Reaching the A2 level in Ukrainian means you have a good grasp of basic vocabulary and can start to engage in more meaningful conversations. The words and phrases provided in this article should serve as a valuable resource to help you continue building your language skills. Remember, the key to language learning is consistent practice and exposure. Keep using these words in your daily conversations, and soon you’ll find yourself more comfortable and fluent in Ukrainian. Happy learning!
