Basic Greetings and Polite Expressions
One of the first steps in learning any language is getting comfortable with basic greetings and polite expressions. These words and phrases will help you make a good impression and facilitate smoother interactions.
– Merhaba – Hello
– Günaydın – Good morning
– İyi akşamlar – Good evening
– İyi geceler – Good night
– Hoşça kal – Goodbye (when you are leaving)
– Güle güle – Goodbye (when someone else is leaving)
– Teşekkür ederim – Thank you
– Rica ederim – You’re welcome
– Lütfen – Please
– Özür dilerim – I’m sorry
– Affedersiniz – Excuse me
Numbers and Counting
Knowing numbers is crucial for a variety of everyday activities, from shopping to telling time. Here are the basic numbers in Turkish:
– Bir – One
– İki – Two
– Üç – Three
– Dört – Four
– Beş – Five
– Altı – Six
– Yedi – Seven
– Sekiz – Eight
– Dokuz – Nine
– On – Ten
For numbers beyond ten, Turkish uses a straightforward system of combining the tens and units, similar to English. For example:
– On bir – Eleven
– Yirmi – Twenty
– Otuz – Thirty
– Kırk – Forty
– Elli – Fifty
– Yüz – One hundred
Common Nouns
Nouns are the building blocks of any language. Here are some essential nouns that will help you describe the world around you.
– Ev – House
– Araba – Car
– Kitap – Book
– Kalem – Pen
– Masa – Table
– Sandalye – Chair
– Buzdolabı – Refrigerator
– Telefon – Phone
– Çanta – Bag
– Bilgisayar – Computer
– Ayakkabı – Shoe
– Gözlük – Glasses
– Elbise – Dress
– Ceket – Jacket
– Şapka – Hat
Family Members
Talking about your family is a common topic in everyday conversations. Here are some terms for family members:
– Anne – Mother
– Baba – Father
– Kardeş – Sibling
– Abi – Older brother
– Abla – Older sister
– Dede – Grandfather
– Babaanne – Grandmother (paternal)
– Anneanne – Grandmother (maternal)
– Amca – Uncle (paternal)
– Teyze – Aunt (maternal)
– Dayı – Uncle (maternal)
– Hala – Aunt (paternal)
Basic Verbs
Verbs are essential for constructing sentences and expressing actions. Here are some of the most common Turkish verbs:
– Olmak – To be
– Gitmek – To go
– Gelmek – To come
– Yapmak – To do/make
– Konuşmak – To speak
– Yemek – To eat
– İçmek – To drink
– Sevmek – To love/like
– Almak – To take
– Vermek – To give
– Bilmek – To know
– Anlamak – To understand
– Görmek – To see
– Duymak – To hear
– Çalışmak – To work
Adjectives
Adjectives help you describe people, places, and things more vividly. Here are some common Turkish adjectives:
– Büyük – Big
– Küçük – Small
– Güzel – Beautiful
– Çirkin – Ugly
– İyi – Good
– Kötü – Bad
– Uzun – Long
– Kısa – Short
– Kolay – Easy
– Zor – Hard
– Eski – Old
– Yeni – New
– Ucuz – Cheap
– Pahalı – Expensive
Days of the Week
Knowing the days of the week is essential for making plans and understanding schedules. Here are the Turkish names for the days of the week:
– Pazartesi – Monday
– Salı – Tuesday
– Çarşamba – Wednesday
– Perşembe – Thursday
– Cuma – Friday
– Cumartesi – Saturday
– Pazar – Sunday
Common Expressions
In addition to individual words, learning common expressions can greatly enhance your ability to communicate in Turkish. Here are some useful phrases:
– Nasılsınız? – How are you? (formal)
– Nasılsın? – How are you? (informal)
– İyiyim, teşekkür ederim. Siz nasılsınız? – I’m fine, thank you. How are you? (formal)
– Ne yapıyorsun? – What are you doing?
– Ne zaman? – When?
– Nerede? – Where?
– Ne kadar? – How much?
– Neden? – Why?
– Hangi? – Which?
Colors
Colors are an integral part of daily conversations, especially when shopping or describing objects. Here are some basic colors in Turkish:
– Kırmızı – Red
– Mavi – Blue
– Yeşil – Green
– Sarı – Yellow
– Beyaz – White
– Siyah – Black
– Turuncu – Orange
– Mor – Purple
– Pembe – Pink
– Kahverengi – Brown
– Gri – Gray
Food and Drink
Food and drink are essential parts of any culture. Here are some common Turkish words related to food and drink:
– Ekmek – Bread
– Su – Water
– Çay – Tea
– Kahve – Coffee
– Süt – Milk
– Meyve – Fruit
– Sebze – Vegetable
– Et – Meat
– Balık – Fish
– Tavuk – Chicken
– Yumurta – Egg
– Peynir – Cheese
– Yoğurt – Yogurt
– Salata – Salad
Common Questions
Being able to ask questions is crucial for effective communication. Here are some common question words and phrases in Turkish:
– Kim? – Who?
– Ne? – What?
– Nerede? – Where?
– Ne zaman? – When?
– Neden? – Why?
– Nasıl? – How?
– Kaç? – How many/how much?
– Ne kadar? – How much?
Basic Conjunctions and Prepositions
To form more complex sentences, you’ll need to know some basic conjunctions and prepositions:
– Ve – And
– Ama – But
– Çünkü – Because
– İle – With
– İçin – For
– Gibi – Like
– Kadar – As much as
– Sonra – After
– Önce – Before
– Üzerinde – On
– Altında – Under
– Yanında – Next to
– Arkasında – Behind
– Önünde – In front of
Time and Date
Understanding how to tell time and talk about dates is essential for daily life. Here are some basic time and date words in Turkish:
– Saat – Hour/Clock
– Dakika – Minute
– Saniye – Second
– Gün – Day
– Hafta – Week
– Ay – Month
– Yıl – Year
– Bugün – Today
– Yarın – Tomorrow
– Dün – Yesterday
– Sabah – Morning
– Öğle – Noon
– Akşam – Evening
– Gece – Night
Transportation
When traveling or navigating through a city, knowing transportation-related words can be very helpful:
– Otobüs – Bus
– Tren – Train
– Metro – Subway
– Taksi – Taxi
– Uçak – Airplane
– Bilet – Ticket
– Durak – Stop
– İstasyon – Station
– Havalimanı – Airport
– Liman – Port
Common Places
Knowing the names of common places can help you navigate a new environment more easily:
– Okul – School
– Hastane – Hospital
– Market – Market
– Restoran – Restaurant
– Kafe – Cafe
– Park – Park
– Postane – Post office
– Banka – Bank
– Kütüphane – Library
– Müze – Museum
– Sinema – Cinema
– Tiyatro – Theater
– Eczane – Pharmacy
– Otel – Hotel
Weather
Discussing the weather is a common topic of conversation. Here are some basic weather-related words in Turkish:
– Hava – Weather
– Güneşli – Sunny
– Yağmurlu – Rainy
– Karlı – Snowy
– Bulutlu – Cloudy
– Rüzgarlı – Windy
– Sıcak – Hot
– Soğuk – Cold
– Ilık – Warm
– Serin – Cool
Body Parts
Knowing the names of body parts can be particularly useful in medical situations or when describing physical appearances:
– Baş – Head
– Yüz – Face
– Göz – Eye
– Kulak – Ear
– Burun – Nose
– Ağız – Mouth
– Diş – Tooth
– Boyun – Neck
– Kol – Arm
– El – Hand
– Parmak – Finger
– Bacak – Leg
– Ayak – Foot
Conclusion
Learning these basic Turkish words will provide a strong foundation for your A1 level language skills. While this list is not exhaustive, it covers many of the most common and useful words you will encounter in everyday conversations. Practice using these words in sentences and try to incorporate them into your daily routine to reinforce your learning. Remember, consistency is key when learning a new language. Happy studying!
