Learning a new language can be an exciting journey, particularly when it involves delving into the specialized vocabulary of fields like law. Understanding the local laws of Sweden requires a grasp of specific legal terms. Below, we’ll explore some fundamental Swedish legal terms along with their definitions and illustrative examples to help you navigate the intricacies of Swedish legal language.
Lag – Law
The term “lag” refers to a formal rule in Sweden that is enacted by the parliament. Laws are to be adhered to by all residents and institutions in the country.
Den nya trafiklagen infördes för att förbättra säkerheten på vägarna.
Förordning – Regulation
“Förordning” is a type of legal act in Sweden that is issued by the government. Regulations often provide detailed guidelines for how a law is to be implemented and followed.
Regeringen har precis utfärdat en ny förordning om dataskydd.
Domstol – Court
“Domstol” is the term for a court, the judicial body that resolves disputes, administers justice, and interprets the law.
Målet kommer att avgöras i domstol nästa månad.
Brott – Crime
The word “brott” refers to any act that violates the law and is punishable by the state.
Stöld är ett brott som kan leda till fängelsestraff.
Lagförslag – Bill
“Lagförslag” means a bill or legislative proposal that, if passed by the parliament, will become a law.
Lagförslaget om förnybar energi har röstats igenom av riksdagen.
Åtal – Prosecution
“Åtal” refers to the legal proceedings in which someone is formally charged with a crime.
Åklagaren beslutade att väcka åtal mot den misstänkte.
Målsägande – Plaintiff or Complainant
The word “målsägande” is used for a person who brings a case against another in a court, commonly referred to as a plaintiff or complainant.
Målsäganden hävdar att kontraktet brutits av den anklagade.
Tilltalad – Defendant
The term “tilltalad” applies to an individual or entity accused in a court of law, known as the defendant.
Tilltalade nekar till anklagelserna om ekonomiskt bedrägeri.
Stämningsansökan – Lawsuit or Summons
“Stämningsansökan” is the document filed to start a lawsuit or the act of summoning someone to court.
Stämningsansökan inlämnades av advokaten till tingsrätten i förra veckan.
Vittne – Witness
“Vittne” defines a person who saw a particular event, typically a crime or accident, and can give a first-hand account of it.
Polisen har förhört tre vittnen till händelsen.
Dom – Judgment or Verdict
The word “dom” indicates the final decision made by a judge or court at the end of a legal proceeding.
Rätten avkunnade sin dom i det uppmärksammade målet.
Preskriptionstid – Statute of Limitations
“Preskriptionstid” refers to the maximum time after an event within which legal proceedings may be initiated.
Preskriptionstiden för detta brott är fem år.
Understanding these terms can provide a solid foundation for comprehending Swedish legal documents and participating in legal processes. Whether you are a law student, a professional working in Sweden, or simply someone with a keen interest in legal matters, expanding your vocabulary with these terms will undoubtedly be beneficial. Remember, the more you immerse yourself in the language and its technical jargon, the more proficient you will become in navigating the Swedish legal system.
