When learning a new language, acquiring sector-specific vocabulary can significantly improve your understanding and communication within that field. This is especially true for the legal sector, where terminology can be both unique and complex. In this article, we will explore essential legal and law-related vocabulary in Kazakh, providing a valuable resource for anyone needing to navigate legal documents or engage in legal discussions in Kazakh.
Basic Legal Terms
To begin, let’s discuss some foundational legal terms that form the basis of legal language in Kazakh.
Заң (Zań) translates to “law” in English. This is a fundamental term to understand, as it is the basis of all legal discussions.
Мен заңды бұздым деп ойламаймын. (Men zańdy búzdym dep oylamaymyn) – “I do not think I broke the law.”
Сот (Sot) means “court.” Knowledge of this term is essential for discussing anything related to legal proceedings or judiciary matters.
Сот отырысы ертең басталады. (Sot otyrysy erteń bastalady) – “The court session starts tomorrow.”
Адвокат (Advokat) translates as “lawyer,” a crucial player in the legal system.
Менің адвокатым маған қорғаныс стратегиясын жоспарлап жатыр. (Meniń advokatym maǵan qorǵanys strategıasyn josparlap jatyr) – “My lawyer is planning a defense strategy for me.”
Legal Actions and Processes
Understanding various legal actions and processes is also essential for navigating the legal landscape.
Шағым (Shaǵym) means “complaint” or “claim.” This term is used when someone wants to file a complaint in a legal context.
Мен компанияға шағым түсірдім. (Men kompanıaǵa shaǵym túsirdim) – “I filed a complaint against the company.”
Тергеу (Tergeu) translates to “investigation.” It refers to the process of examining the details of a case.
Полиция күдіктіні тергеу үстінде. (Polıcıa kúdiktini tergeu ústinde) – “The police are investigating the suspect.”
Үкім (Úkim) means “verdict” or “judgment.” This is the decision given by a court regarding a particular case.
Сот үкім шығарды. (Sot úkim shyǵardy) – “The court has rendered a verdict.”
Criminal and Civil Law Terminology
Differentiating between criminal and civil law terminology is important as well.
Қылмыс (Qylmys) means “crime.” This term is used in the context of criminal law.
Ол ауыр қылмыс жасады. (Ol awyr qylmys jasady) – “He committed a serious crime.”
Талап (Talap) translates to “claim” in civil law contexts, where one party demands something from another.
Заңды тұлға талап арызды тапсырды. (Zańdy túlǵa talap aryzdy tapsyrdy) – “The legal entity filed a claim.”
Legal Rights and Obligations
Discussing rights and obligations is a fundamental aspect of law.
Құқық (Qúqyq) means “right,” as in a legal entitlement.
Әр адамның негізгі құқықтары бар. (Ár adamnıń negizgi qúqyqtary bar) – “Every person has fundamental rights.”
Міндет (Míndet) translates to “obligation” or “duty.”
Сіздің заңды міндеттеріңізді білу маңызды. (Sizdiń zańdy míndetterińizdi bilu mańyzdy) – “It is important to know your legal obligations.”
Contracts and Agreements
In any legal system, contracts and agreements hold significant importance.
Шарт (Shart) means “contract.” It is essential for binding agreements between parties.
Біз жаңа шартқа қол қойдық. (Biz jańa shartqa qol qoydyq) – “We signed a new contract.”
Келісім (Kelisim) translates to “agreement.” It is similar to a contract but can be less formal.
Біз бұл мәселені келісім арқылы шештік. (Biz búl maseleńi kelisim arqyly sheshtik) – “We resolved this issue through an agreement.”
Understanding these terms not only aids in legal discussions but also helps in comprehending various documents and proceedings in Kazakhstan. Whether you’re a law student, a professional dealing with Kazakh counterparts, or simply interested in legal terminology, this guide provides a solid foundation in the legal vocabulary of Kazakh.
