Legal and judicial matters often involve specialized terminology that can be quite difficult to master, especially if you are trying to learn these terms in a language that is not your own. For English speakers learning Urdu, understanding the specific vocabulary related to law and judiciary can significantly improve your comprehension and communication abilities within this context. This article aims to guide you through some of the most important legal and judicial terms in Urdu, complete with explanations and contextual sentences in Urdu to help reinforce your learning.

Basic Legal Terms

قانون (Qanoon) translates to “law” in English. This is a fundamental term anyone interested in legal vocabulary must know.

مقدمہ (Muqadma) means “case.” This term is used in contexts where a legal matter is being discussed or processed in a court.

وکیل (Wakeel) is the Urdu word for “lawyer.” This is an essential player in the legal system.

عدالت (Adalat) means “court.” This is where legal proceedings take place.

فیصلہ کب سنایا جائے گا؟
عدالت کل اس کا اعلان کرے گی۔
(When will the decision be announced? The court will declare it tomorrow.)

Types of Crimes

چوری (Chori) translates as “theft.” This term is used when someone illegally takes someone else’s property.

قتل (Qatal) means “murder.” It refers to the act of unlawfully killing someone.

دھوکہ دہی (Dhoka Dahi) translates to “fraud.” This involves deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain.

اس نے چوری کی اور پولیس نے اسے گرفتار کر لیا۔
(He committed theft, and the police arrested him.)

Legal Processes

گواہی (Gawahi) means “testimony.” Witnesses provide this during a trial.

مدعا علیہ (Mudda’ Alaih) refers to the “defendant,” the individual accused in a court case.

مدعی (Muddai) is the “plaintiff,” the person who brings a case against another in a court.

سماعت (Samaat) translates to “hearing,” a session in which a court hears a case.

فیصلہ (Faisla) means “decision.” This is the outcome of a court case.

مدعا علیہ نے اپنی گواہی میں کہا کہ وہ بے قصور ہے۔
(The defendant stated in his testimony that he is innocent.)

Judicial Officers

جج (Judge) is a crucial figure in the judiciary and is responsible for presiding over court proceedings.

پراسیکیوٹر (Prosecutor) is the legal representative who presents the case against someone accused of a crime.

دفاعی وکیل (Difai Wakeel) means “defense lawyer,” the attorney who defends the accused.

جج نے فیصلہ سنایا کہ ملزم بے گناہ ہے۔
(The judge announced the decision that the accused is innocent.)

Legal Actions

مقدمہ دائر کرنا (Muqadma Dair Karna) means “to file a case.” This is the act of officially taking a matter to court.

سزا دینا (Saza Dena) translates as “to sentence.” This refers to the declaration of the punishment given by a judge.

اپیل کرنا (Appeal Karna) means “to appeal.” This is a request to a higher court to review the decision of a lower court.

ملزم نے اپیل کرنا کا فیصلہ کیا۔
(The accused decided to appeal.)

By familiarizing yourself with these essential legal and judicial terms in Urdu, you will not only enhance your language skills but also gain a deeper understanding of how the legal system functions in Urdu-speaking regions. Whether you are a professional looking to expand your legal vocabulary or a language enthusiast intrigued by legal terms, these insights will serve as a valuable addition to your linguistic repertoire.