Learning a new language can be both an exciting and challenging journey. One of the interesting aspects of this journey is understanding how different languages express concepts of time. In Azerbaijani, the words for “now” and “later”—indi and sonra—play crucial roles in everyday conversation. This article aims to provide an in-depth understanding of these two words, along with other related vocabulary, to help you master their usage.

Indi – Now

The word indi in Azerbaijani is used to describe the present moment, much like the English word “now”. It is commonly used in various contexts to indicate actions or states occurring at the current time.

İndi – Now
İndi dərs oxuyuram.
I’m studying now.

Hal-hazırda – Currently
Hal-hazırda işdə deyiləm.
I’m not at work currently.

Bu dəqiqə – This minute/Right now
Bu dəqiqə gəlirəm.
I’m coming right now.

Hazır – Ready
Hazır yemək var.
The food is ready.

Bu an – This moment
Bu an heç nə hiss etmirəm.
I don’t feel anything at this moment.

Usage in Sentences

Understanding how to use indi in sentences is crucial for effective communication in Azerbaijani. Here are some examples:

İndi – Now
İndi hava çox soyuqdur.
The weather is very cold now.

Hal-hazırda – Currently
Hal-hazırda kitab oxuyuram.
I’m currently reading a book.

Bu dəqiqə – This minute/Right now
Bu dəqiqə sənə kömək edə bilmərəm.
I can’t help you right now.

Hazır – Ready
Hazırdır, gedə bilərik.
It’s ready, we can go.

Bu an – This moment
Bu an düşüncələrim qarışıqdır.
My thoughts are confused at this moment.

Sonra – Later

The word sonra in Azerbaijani is used to describe a time in the future, similar to the English word “later”. It is often used to postpone actions or events.

Sonra – Later
Sonra danışarıq.
We will talk later.

Gələcəkdə – In the future
Gələcəkdə daha çox səyahət etmək istəyirəm.
I want to travel more in the future.

Bir azdan – In a little while
Bir azdan görüşəcəyik.
We will meet in a little while.

Gecə – Night
Gecə yataqdan sonra film izləyəcəyəm.
I will watch a movie after going to bed at night.

Sabah – Tomorrow
Sabah işə gedəcəyəm.
I will go to work tomorrow.

Usage in Sentences

Here are some examples of how to use sonra and related vocabulary in sentences:

Sonra – Later
Sonra görüşərik.
We’ll meet later.

Gələcəkdə – In the future
Gələcəkdə daha yaxşı iş tapmaq istəyirəm.
I want to find a better job in the future.

Bir azdan – In a little while
Bir azdan sənə zəng edəcəyəm.
I will call you in a little while.

Gecə – Night
Gecə yatmağa gedəcəyəm.
I will go to sleep at night.

Sabah – Tomorrow
Sabah erkən qalxmalıyam.
I have to wake up early tomorrow.

Comparing Indı and Sonra

Understanding the difference between indi and sonra is essential for mastering Azerbaijani. Let’s compare their usage in different contexts:

İndi – Now
İndi getmək istəyirəm.
I want to go now.

Sonra – Later
Sonra gedərik.
We will go later.

İndi – Now
İndi yemək yeyirəm.
I am eating now.

Sonra – Later
Sonra yemək yeyəcəyəm.
I will eat later.

Common Phrases and Expressions

Here are some common phrases and expressions using indi and sonra:

İndi bax – Look now
İndi bax, nə edirik.
Look now, what we are doing.

Sonra baxarıq – We will see later
Sonra baxarıq, nə edək.
We will see later what to do.

İndi gəl – Come now
İndi gəl, sənə bir şey göstərəcəyəm.
Come now, I will show you something.

Sonra gəl – Come later
Sonra gəl, işim var.
Come later, I am busy.

İndi başla – Start now
İndi başla, vaxt itirməyək.
Start now, let’s not waste time.

Sonra başla – Start later
Sonra başla, indi vaxtımız yoxdur.
Start later, we don’t have time now.

Practicing with Dialogues

Practicing dialogues is a great way to become comfortable using indi and sonra. Here are some sample dialogues:

Person A: İndi gedək? (Shall we go now?)
Person B: Yox, sonra gedərik. (No, we’ll go later.)

Person A: İndi yemək yeyək? (Shall we eat now?)
Person B: Yox, bir azdan yeyərik. (No, we’ll eat in a little while.)

Person A: İndi nə edək? (What shall we do now?)
Person B: Sonra qərar verərik. (We’ll decide later.)

Person A: İndi başla? (Shall we start now?)
Person B: Bəli, indi başlayaq. (Yes, let’s start now.)

Conclusion

Mastering the use of indi and sonra is essential for effective communication in Azerbaijani. By understanding their meanings, practicing their usage in sentences, and incorporating them into dialogues, you can enhance your fluency and comprehension. Remember to practice regularly and immerse yourself in the language to gain confidence and proficiency. Happy learning!