When learning a new language, one of the most important aspects to master is the vocabulary related to emotions. Emotional vocabulary allows us to express our feelings, understand others, and connect on a deeper level. In the Hindi language, emotions are expressed through a rich array of words and phrases that can help learners convey nuanced sentiments. This article will delve into the emotional vocabulary in Hindi, providing insights and examples that will aid English speakers in becoming more proficient in expressing emotions in Hindi.
Basic Emotions in Hindi
Understanding the basic emotions is the first step in expanding your emotional vocabulary in any language. Here are some fundamental emotions and their Hindi translations:
1. **Happiness** – ख़ुशी (Khushi)
2. **Sadness** – उदासी (Udaasi)
3. **Anger** – ग़ुस्सा (Gussa)
4. **Fear** – डर (Dar)
5. **Love** – प्रेम (Prem)
6. **Surprise** – आश्चर्य (Aashcharya)
7. **Disgust** – घृणा (Ghrina)
These basic terms are essential building blocks. Let’s explore each of these emotions in more detail, including variations and contextual usage.
Happiness (ख़ुशी – Khushi)
In Hindi, happiness is expressed as ख़ुशी (Khushi). Here are some variations and related terms:
– **Delight** – आनंद (Aanand)
– **Joy** – हर्ष (Harsh)
– **Contentment** – संतोष (Santosha)
Example sentences:
– मुझे बहुत ख़ुशी हो रही है। (Mujhe bahut khushi ho rahi hai.) – I am feeling very happy.
– यह सुनकर मुझे आनंद आया। (Yeh sunkar mujhe aanand aaya.) – I felt delighted to hear this.
Sadness (उदासी – Udaasi)
Sadness in Hindi is उदासी (Udaasi). Here are some related words:
– **Grief** – दुःख (Dukh)
– **Melancholy** – विषाद (Vishaad)
– **Despair** – निराशा (Niraasha)
Example sentences:
– उसकी आंखों में उदासी थी। (Uski aankhon mein udaasi thi.) – There was sadness in her eyes.
– मुझे उसके जाने का बहुत दुःख है। (Mujhe uske jaane ka bahut dukh hai.) – I am very sad about his departure.
Anger (ग़ुस्सा – Gussa)
Anger is expressed as ग़ुस्सा (Gussa) in Hindi. Here are some variations:
– **Rage** – क्रोध (Krodh)
– **Annoyance** – झुंझलाहट (Jhun-jhlaa-hat)
– **Frustration** – हताशा (Hataasha)
Example sentences:
– उसे बहुत ग़ुस्सा आ रहा था। (Use bahut gussa aa raha tha.) – He was very angry.
– मुझे उसकी बातों पर क्रोध आ गया। (Mujhe uski baaton par krodh aa gaya.) – I became enraged by his words.
Fear (डर – Dar)
Fear is translated as डर (Dar) in Hindi. Related terms include:
– **Terror** – आतंक (Aatank)
– **Anxiety** – चिंता (Chinta)
– **Phobia** – भय (Bhay)
Example sentences:
– मुझे अंधेरे से डर लगता है। (Mujhe andhere se dar lagta hai.) – I am afraid of the dark.
– उसकी आंखों में आतंक था। (Uski aankhon mein aatank tha.) – There was terror in his eyes.
Love (प्रेम – Prem)
Love is a complex emotion and is expressed as प्रेम (Prem) in Hindi. Other related words are:
– **Affection** – स्नेह (Sneh)
– **Passion** – जुनून (Junoon)
– **Fondness** – लगाव (Lagaav)
Example sentences:
– मैं तुमसे प्रेम करता हूँ। (Main tumse prem karta hoon.) – I love you.
– उसने अपने बच्चों पर स्नेह दिखाया। (Usne apne bachchon par sneh dikhaya.) – She showed affection towards her children.
Surprise (आश्चर्य – Aashcharya)
Surprise is आश्चर्य (Aashcharya) in Hindi. Related terms include:
– **Amazement** – चमत्कार (Chamatkaar)
– **Wonder** – विस्मय (Vismay)
– **Shock** – धक्का (Dhakka)
Example sentences:
– यह सुनकर मुझे आश्चर्य हुआ। (Yeh sunkar mujhe aashcharya hua.) – I was surprised to hear this.
– उसकी सफलता पर सबने विस्मय व्यक्त किया। (Uski safalta par sabne vismay vyakt kiya.) – Everyone expressed wonder at his success.
Disgust (घृणा – Ghrina)
Disgust is घृणा (Ghrina) in Hindi. Other related terms are:
– **Revulsion** – वितृष्णा (Vitrishna)
– **Loathing** – घिन (Ghin)
– **Aversion** – अरुचि (Aruchi)
Example sentences:
– मुझे उसकी हरकतों से घृणा होती है। (Mujhe uski harkaton se ghrina hoti hai.) – I feel disgusted by his actions.
– उसकी बातें सुनकर मुझे वितृष्णा हुई। (Uski baatein sunkar mujhe vitrishna hui.) – I felt revulsion hearing his words.
Expressions and Idioms
Hindi, like any other language, has a rich collection of expressions and idioms that convey emotions more vividly. Here are some common idioms and phrases that can help you express emotions more naturally:
1. **दिल में बसी ख़ुशी** (Dil mein basi khushi) – Happiness that resides in the heart.
2. **दिल टूटना** (Dil tootna) – To have a broken heart, indicating profound sadness.
3. **ग़ुस्से से लाल होना** (Gusse se laal hona) – To become red with anger.
4. **हाथ-पाँव फूल जाना** (Hath-paanv phool jaana) – To be extremely scared or nervous.
5. **आँखों में प्यार** (Aankhon mein pyaar) – Love in the eyes.
6. **आश्चर्यचकित रह जाना** (Aashcharyachakit reh jaana) – To be left astonished.
7. **मन में घृणा होना** (Man mein ghrina hona) – To have disgust in one’s mind.
Example sentences:
– उसकी आँखों में प्यार देखा जा सकता था। (Uski aankhon mein pyaar dekha ja sakta tha.) – Love could be seen in his eyes.
– इस खबर को सुनकर मैं आश्चर्यचकित रह गया। (Is khabar ko sunkar main aashcharyachakit reh gaya.) – I was left astonished hearing this news.
Contextual Usage
Understanding the context in which emotional vocabulary is used is crucial. Here are some scenarios and dialogues to help you understand how these emotions are expressed in daily life.
Scenario 1: Expressing Happiness
A: तुम्हें यह खबर सुनकर कैसा लगा? (Tumhe yeh khabar sunkar kaisa laga?) – How did you feel hearing this news?
B: मुझे बहुत ख़ुशी हुई। (Mujhe bahut khushi hui.) – I felt very happy.
Scenario 2: Expressing Sadness
A: तुम्हें क्या हुआ? तुम उदास क्यों हो? (Tumhe kya hua? Tum udaas kyon ho?) – What happened to you? Why are you sad?
B: मुझे नौकरी नहीं मिली। (Mujhe naukri nahin mili.) – I didn’t get the job.
Scenario 3: Expressing Anger
A: तुम्हें ग़ुस्सा क्यों आ रहा है? (Tumhe gussa kyon aa raha hai?) – Why are you getting angry?
B: उसने मेरा सामान तोड़ दिया। (Usne mera saamaan tod diya.) – He broke my stuff.
Scenario 4: Expressing Fear
A: तुम इतने डर क्यों रहे हो? (Tum itne dar kyon rahe ho?) – Why are you so scared?
B: मुझे सांपों से बहुत डर लगता है। (Mujhe saanpon se bahut dar lagta hai.) – I am very afraid of snakes.
Scenario 5: Expressing Love
A: तुम उसे कितना प्यार करते हो? (Tum use kitna pyaar karte ho?) – How much do you love her?
B: मैं उसे अपनी जान से भी ज्यादा प्यार करता हूँ। (Main use apni jaan se bhi zyada pyaar karta hoon.) – I love her more than my life.
Scenario 6: Expressing Surprise
A: क्या तुमने यह खबर सुनी? (Kya tumne yeh khabar suni?) – Did you hear this news?
B: हाँ, सुनकर मुझे बहुत आश्चर्य हुआ। (Haan, sunkar mujhe bahut aashcharya hua.) – Yes, I was very surprised to hear it.
Scenario 7: Expressing Disgust
A: तुम्हें उसकी हरकतों पर क्या लगता है? (Tumhe uski harkaton par kya lagta hai?) – What do you think about his actions?
B: मुझे उसकी हरकतों से घृणा होती है। (Mujhe uski harkaton se ghrina hoti hai.) – I feel disgusted by his actions.
Practice Exercises
To help you internalize these words and phrases, here are some practice exercises:
1. **Translation Exercise**: Translate the following sentences into Hindi.
– I felt joy when I saw my friend.
– She was filled with grief after the loss.
– He was red with rage.
– They were terrified of the storm.
– We are in love with each other.
– The news left everyone astonished.
– His behavior disgusts me.
2. **Fill-in-the-blank Exercise**: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate emotional vocabulary in Hindi.
– मुझे __________ (delight) हुआ।
– उसकी __________ (melancholy) देखी जा सकती थी।
– वह __________ (annoyance) से भर गया।
– मुझे सांपों से __________ (fear) लगता है।
– मैंने उसे __________ (affection) से देखा।
– यह सुनकर मैं __________ (wonder) में पड़ गया।
– उसकी हरकतों से मुझे __________ (revulsion) होती है।
3. **Matching Exercise**: Match the Hindi emotional words with their English counterparts.
– ख़ुशी (a. Fear)
– उदासी (b. Love)
– ग़ुस्सा (c. Happiness)
– डर (d. Sadness)
– प्रेम (e. Anger)
Answers:
1. I felt joy when I saw my friend. – मुझे अपने दोस्त को देखकर ख़ुशी हुई।
She was filled with grief after the loss. – उसे नुकसान के बाद दुःख हुआ।
He was red with rage. – वह क्रोध से लाल हो गया।
They were terrified of the storm. – वे तूफान से आतंकित थे।
We are in love with each other. – हम एक-दूसरे से प्रेम करते हैं।
The news left everyone astonished. – खबर सुनकर सब आश्चर्यचकित रह गए।
His behavior disgusts me. – उसकी हरकतों से मुझे घृणा होती है।
2.
– मुझे आनंद हुआ।
– उसकी उदासी देखी जा सकती थी।
– वह झुंझलाहट से भर गया।
– मुझे सांपों से डर लगता है।
– मैंने उसे स्नेह से देखा।
– यह सुनकर मैं विस्मय में पड़ गया।
– उसकी हरकतों से मुझे वितृष्णा होती है।
3.
– ख़ुशी (c. Happiness)
– उदासी (d. Sadness)
– ग़ुस्सा (e. Anger)
– डर (a. Fear)
– प्रेम (b. Love)
By practicing these exercises, you will become more comfortable using emotional vocabulary in Hindi, helping you to express your feelings more naturally and understand the emotions of others more clearly. Happy learning!
