Learning a new language can be a challenging but rewarding experience, especially when it comes to understanding specialized vocabulary. For those interested in economics and business, knowing the relevant Icelandic terms can be particularly valuable. Here, we will explore some key economic and business terms in Icelandic, alongside their definitions and example sentences.

Hagfræði (Economics) – Study of how people choose to use resources.
Ég er að læra hagfræði við Háskóla Íslands.

Viðskipti (Business) – The practice of making one’s living by engaging in commerce.
Viðskiptin gengu vel og við seldum allan lagerinn.

Fjármál (Finance) – The management of large amounts of money, especially by governments or large companies.
Fjármál fyrirtækisins eru flókin og krefjast sérfræðiþekkingar.

Markaður (Market) – An area or arena in which commercial dealings are conducted.
Nýtt fyrirtæki hefur komið inn á markaðinn og samkeppnin eykst.

Hlutabréf (Stock) – The capital raised by a company or corporation through the issue and subscription of shares.
Hann keypti hlutabréf í þessu fyrirtæki vegna góðrar framtíðarsýnar.

Brúttólandsframleiðsla (Gross Domestic Product – GDP) – The total value of goods produced and services provided in a country during one year.
Brúttólandsframleiðsla Íslands jókst um 2% frá fyrra ári.

Verðbólga (Inflation) – The rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising, leading to the erosion of purchasing power.
Verðbólga er orðin áhyggjuefni fyrir hagkerfi landsins.

Rekstrarhagnaður (Operating Profit) – Profit earned from a firm’s normal core business operations.
Rekstrarhagnaður fyrirtækisins var hærri en spáð var.

Vextir (Interest) – The charge for the privilege of borrowing money, typically expressed as an annual percentage rate.
Vextir á sparnað reikningnum mínum hafa lækkað undanfarna mánuði.

Skuldabréf (Bond) – A fixed income instrument that represents a loan made by an investor to a borrower.
Skuldabréf eru álitin vera áhættuminni fjárfestingar en hlutabréf.

Gjaldmiðill (Currency) – A system of money in general use in a particular country.
Íslenska krónan er gjaldmiðill Íslands.

Útflutningur (Export) – Send goods or services to another country for sale.
Útflutningur á sjávarafurðum er mikilvægur fyrir íslenskt efnahagslíf.

Innflutningur (Import) – Bring goods or services into a country from abroad for sale.
Innflutningur á vörum frá Evrópu er stór hluti af íslenskum viðskiptum.

Vinnuafl (Workforce) – The people available for work in a particular area, firm, or industry.
Vinnuafl fyrirtækisins er ungt og hæfileikaríkt.

Samkeppni (Competition) – The activity or condition of competing.
Samkeppnin í greininni er hörð, en við höldum okkar striki.

Arðsemi (Profitability) – The degree to which a business or activity yields profit or financial gain.
Arðsemi nýju verkefnisins er áætluð vera há á næstu árum.

Understanding and using these terms fluently can greatly enhance your business interactions and economic understanding within an Icelandic context. As you continue to learn and immerse yourself in the language, you will find that a strong grasp of specific vocabulary is invaluable in navigating the intricate world of economic and business conversations.