Reaching the C2 level in Kannada is an incredible accomplishment and represents near-native proficiency. At this level, you should be able to understand virtually everything heard or read, express yourself fluently and precisely, and grasp subtle nuances in complex situations. To help you in mastering Kannada at this level, we’ve compiled a list of 50 essential words that will enrich your vocabulary and enhance your understanding of the language.
Advanced Nouns
1. **เฒชเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฐ (Parisara)** – Environment
2. **เฒตเณเฒฏเฒตเฒธเณเฒฅเณ (Vyavasthรฉ)** – System
3. **เฒ
เฒจเณเฒญเฒต (Anubhava)** – Experience
4. **เฒตเฒฟเฒงเฒพเฒจ (Vidhฤna)** – Constitution or method
5. **เฒธเณเฒเฒจเณ (Soochane)** – Indication or notice
6. **เฒ
เฒจเณเฒฌเฒเฒง (Anubandha)** – Appendage or attachment
7. **เฒธเฒเฒชเฒคเณเฒคเณ (Sampattu)** – Wealth
8. **เฒชเณเฒฐเฒคเฒฟเฒญเณ (Pratibhe)** – Talent
9. **เฒ
เฒญเฒฟเฒชเณเฒฐเฒพเฒฏ (Abhiprฤya)** – Opinion
10. **เฒ
เฒตเฒธเฒฐ (Avasara)** – Urgency or opportunity
Complex Verbs
11. **เฒจเฒฟเฒฐเณเฒชเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Niroopisalu)** – To depict or portray
12. **เฒ
เฒจเณเฒธเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Anusarisalu)** – To follow or adhere
13. **เฒ
เฒฒเณเฒฒเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Allisalu)** – To arrange or organize
14. **เฒเฒตเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Avarisalu)** – To surround or envelop
15. **เฒ
เฒจเณเฒฎเฒคเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Anumatisalu)** – To permit or allow
16. **เฒเฒถเณเฒฐเฒฏเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (ฤshrayisalu)** – To seek refuge or take shelter
17. **เฒ
เฒเฒเณเฒเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Angeekarisalu)** – To accept or approve
18. **เฒ
เฒจเณเฒญเฒตเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Anubhavisu)** – To experience or feel
19. **เฒ
เฒตเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Avarisalu)** – To enclose or encircle
20. **เฒจเฒฟเฒฐเฒพเฒเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Nirฤkarisalu)** – To reject or deny
Descriptive Adjectives
21. **เฒตเฒฟเฒถเฒพเฒฒ (Vishฤla)** – Vast or extensive
22. **เฒเณเฒเณเฒ (Guchcha)** – Clustered or bundled
23. **เฒ
เฒชเฒฐเณเฒช (Aparลซpa)** – Rare or extraordinary
24. **เฒธเณเฒเณเฒทเณเฒฎ (Sookshma)** – Subtle or delicate
25. **เฒเฒถเณเฒเฒฐเณเฒฏเฒเฒฐ (ฤshcharyakara)** – Surprising or astonishing
26. **เฒตเฒฟเฒตเฒฟเฒง (Vivida)** – Diverse or varied
27. **เฒธเฒฎเฒเณเฒฐ (Samagra)** – Comprehensive or whole
28. **เฒ
เฒจเณเฒตเฒพเฒฆเฒฟเฒค (Anuvฤdita)** – Translated or interpreted
29. **เฒชเณเฒฐเฒพเฒฎเฒพเฒฃเฒฟเฒ (Prฤmฤแนika)** – Authentic or genuine
30. **เฒธเฒเฒเณเฒทเฒฟเฒชเณเฒค (Sankshipta)** – Concise or summarized
Useful Adverbs
31. **เฒคเฒเณเฒทเฒฃ (Takshaแนa)** – Immediately
32. **เฒจเฒฟเฒเฒตเฒพเฒเฒฟเฒฏเณ (Nijavฤgiyoo)** – Truly or really
33. **เฒคเฒเฒธเณเฒฅเฒตเฒพเฒเฒฟ (Taแนญasthavฤgi)** – Neutrally or impartially
34. **เฒเฒฆเณเฒฆเฒฐเฒฟเฒเฒฆ (ฤddarinda)** – Therefore or hence
35. **เฒฎเณเฒเฒฆเณเฒตเฒฐเณเฒฏเฒพเฒเฒฟ (Munduvariyฤgi)** – Subsequently or further
36. **เฒเฒฒเณเฒฒเฒฟเฒเฒฆเฒฒเณ (Ellindaloo)** – From somewhere
37. **เฒนเณเฒเฒพเฒเฒฟ (Hฤซgฤgi)** – Thus or as a result
38. **เฒนเณเฒเณ (Hฤซge)** – Like this or in this way
39. **เฒฎเฒคเณเฒคเณ (Matte)** – Again or moreover
40. **เฒธเฒฎเฒฐเณเฒชเฒเฒตเฒพเฒเฒฟ (Samarpakavagฤซ)** – Appropriately or adequately
Important Conjunctions
41. **เฒ
เฒฅเฒตเฒพ (Athavฤ)** – Or
42. **เฒฎเฒคเณเฒคเณ (Mattu)** – And
43. **เฒเฒฆเฒฐเณ (ฤdare)** – But
44. **เฒ
เฒฅเฒ (Athacha)** – However
45. **เฒเฒฆเฒพเฒเณเฒฏเณ (ฤdฤgyoo)** – Nevertheless
46. **เฒนเฒพเฒเณ (Hฤgoo)** – As well as
47. **เฒจเฒเฒคเฒฐ (Nantara)** – After
48. **เฒนเฒพเฒเณเฒฏเณ (Hฤgeyรฉ)** – Likewise
49. **เฒเฒเฒฆเฒฐเณ (Endare)** – That is to say
50. **เฒเฒฆเณเฒฆเฒฐเฒฟเฒเฒฆ (ฤddarinda)** – Hence or therefore
Contextual Usage
Understanding these words in isolation is one thing, but being able to use them contextually is where true mastery lies. Let’s go through some examples to illustrate how these words can be used in different contexts.
Advanced Nouns in Context
1. เฒชเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฐ (Parisara) – Environment:
“เฒจเฒพเฒตเณ เฒชเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฐเฒฆ เฒธเฒเฒฐเฒเณเฒทเฒฃเณเฒเฒพเฒเฒฟ เฒเฒพเฒเณเฒคเฒฐเฒพเฒเฒฟเฒฐเฒฌเณเฒเณ.”
(We must be vigilant about protecting the environment.)
2. เฒตเณเฒฏเฒตเฒธเณเฒฅเณ (Vyavasthรฉ) – System:
“เฒถเฒฟเฒเณเฒทเฒฃ เฒตเณเฒฏเฒตเฒธเณเฒฅเณเฒฏเฒฒเณเฒฒเฒฟ เฒฌเฒฆเฒฒเฒพเฒตเฒฃเณเฒเฒณเณ เฒ
เฒเฒคเณเฒฏเฒตเฒฟเฒฆเณ.”
(Changes are needed in the education system.)
3. เฒ
เฒจเณเฒญเฒต (Anubhava) – Experience:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒฐ เฒ
เฒจเณเฒญเฒตเฒตเณ เฒจเฒฎเฒเณ เฒฌเฒนเฒณ เฒธเฒนเฒพเฒฏเฒฎเฒพเฒกเฒฟเฒคเณ.”
(His experience helped us a lot.)
4. เฒตเฒฟเฒงเฒพเฒจ (Vidhฤna) – Constitution or method:
“เฒ เฒตเฒฟเฒงเฒพเฒจเฒตเณ เฒนเณเฒเณเฒเณ เฒชเฒฐเฒฟเฒฃเฒพเฒฎเฒเฒพเฒฐเฒฟ.”
(This method is more effective.)
5. เฒธเณเฒเฒจเณ (Soochane) – Indication or notice:
“เฒจเฒฟเฒฎเณเฒฎ เฒธเณเฒเฒจเณเฒเฒณเณ เฒจเฒฎเฒเณ เฒฌเฒนเฒณ เฒธเฒนเฒพเฒฏเฒฎเฒพเฒกเณเฒคเณเฒคเฒตเณ.”
(Your indications help us a lot.)
Complex Verbs in Context
1. เฒจเฒฟเฒฐเณเฒชเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Niroopisalu) – To depict or portray:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒฐเณ เฒคเฒฎเณเฒฎ เฒเฒฟเฒคเณเฒฐเฒเฒณเฒฒเณเฒฒเฒฟ เฒเณเฒฐเฒพเฒฎเณเฒฃ เฒเณเฒตเฒจเฒตเฒจเณเฒจเณ เฒจเฒฟเฒฐเณเฒชเฒฟเฒธเณเฒคเณเฒคเฒพเฒฐเณ.”
(They depict rural life in their paintings.)
2. เฒ
เฒจเณเฒธเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Anusarisalu) – To follow or adhere:
“เฒจเฒพเฒตเณ เฒจเฒฟเฒฏเฒฎเฒเฒณเฒจเณเฒจเณ เฒ
เฒจเณเฒธเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ เฒฌเฒฆเณเฒงเฒฐเฒพเฒเฒฟเฒฆเณเฒฆเณเฒตเณ.”
(We are committed to following the rules.)
3. เฒ
เฒฒเณเฒฒเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Allisalu) – To arrange or organize:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒฐเณ เฒธเฒญเณเฒฏเฒจเณเฒจเณ เฒธเณเฒธเฒเณเฒเฒฟเฒคเฒตเฒพเฒเฒฟ เฒ
เฒฒเณเฒฒเฒฟเฒธเฒฟเฒฆเฒฐเณ.”
(They organized the meeting efficiently.)
4. เฒเฒตเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Avarisalu) – To surround or envelop:
“เฒเฒคเณเฒคเฒฒเณ เฒ เฒฎเฒจเณเฒฏเฒจเณเฒจเณเฒฒเณเฒฒเฒพ เฒเฒตเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฟเฒคเณเฒคเณ.”
(The darkness enveloped the entire house.)
5. เฒ
เฒจเณเฒฎเฒคเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ (Anumatisalu) – To permit or allow:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒฐเณ เฒ เฒฏเณเฒเฒจเณเฒเณ เฒ
เฒจเณเฒฎเฒคเฒฟเฒธเฒฒเณ เฒจเฒฟเฒฐเณเฒงเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฟเฒฆเฒฐเณ.”
(They decided to permit this project.)
Descriptive Adjectives in Context
1. เฒตเฒฟเฒถเฒพเฒฒ (Vishฤla) – Vast or extensive:
“เฒ เฒชเณเฒฐเฒฆเณเฒถเฒตเณ เฒตเฒฟเฒถเฒพเฒฒเฒตเฒพเฒฆ เฒเฒพเฒกเณเฒเฒณเฒจเณเฒจเณ เฒนเณเฒเฒฆเฒฟเฒฆเณ.”
(This area has vast forests.)
2. เฒเณเฒเณเฒ (Guchcha) – Clustered or bundled:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒฐเณ เฒคเฒจเณเฒจ เฒเณเฒคเณเฒคเณ เฒเณเฒเณเฒเฒตเฒพเฒเฒฟ เฒเฒเณเฒเฒฟเฒฆ.”
(They bundled the straw together.)
3. เฒ
เฒชเฒฐเณเฒช (Aparลซpa) – Rare or extraordinary:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒณเณ เฒ
เฒชเฒฐเณเฒชเฒตเฒพเฒฆ เฒชเณเฒฐเฒคเฒฟเฒญเณเฒฏเฒจเณเฒจเณ เฒนเณเฒเฒฆเฒฟเฒฆเณเฒฆเฒพเฒณเณ.”
(She possesses extraordinary talent.)
4. เฒธเณเฒเณเฒทเณเฒฎ (Sookshma) – Subtle or delicate:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒจ เฒธเณเฒเณเฒทเณเฒฎ เฒตเฒฟเฒเฒพเฒฐเฒเฒณเณ เฒจเฒฎเฒเณ เฒจเฒฟเฒเฒตเฒพเฒเฒฟเฒฏเณ เฒชเณเฒฐเฒญเฒพเฒตเฒถเณเฒฒ.”
(His subtle insights are truly impactful for us.)
5. เฒเฒถเณเฒเฒฐเณเฒฏเฒเฒฐ (ฤshcharyakara) – Surprising or astonishing:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒจ เฒเฒฏเฒตเณ เฒ
เฒคเณเฒฏเฒเฒค เฒเฒถเณเฒเฒฐเณเฒฏเฒเฒฐเฒตเฒพเฒเฒฟเฒคเณเฒคเณ.”
(His victory was very surprising.)
Useful Adverbs in Context
1. เฒคเฒเณเฒทเฒฃ (Takshaแนa) – Immediately:
“เฒจเณเฒตเณ เฒคเฒเณเฒทเฒฃ เฒนเณเฒเฒฌเณเฒเณ.”
(You must go immediately.)
2. เฒจเฒฟเฒเฒตเฒพเฒเฒฟเฒฏเณ (Nijavฤgiyoo) – Truly or really:
“เฒจเณเฒตเณ เฒจเฒฟเฒเฒตเฒพเฒเฒฟเฒฏเณ เฒ
เฒฆเณเฒญเณเฒคเฒตเฒพเฒเฒฟ เฒนเฒพเฒกเณเฒคเณเฒคเณเฒฐเฒฟ.”
(You sing really wonderfully.)
3. เฒคเฒเฒธเณเฒฅเฒตเฒพเฒเฒฟ (Taแนญasthavฤgi) – Neutrally or impartially:
“เฒจเฒพเฒตเณ เฒคเฒเฒธเณเฒฅเฒตเฒพเฒเฒฟ เฒ เฒธเฒฎเฒธเณเฒฏเณ เฒชเฒฐเฒฟเฒนเฒฐเฒฟเฒธเฒฌเณเฒเณ.”
(We must solve this problem neutrally.)
4. เฒเฒฆเณเฒฆเฒฐเฒฟเฒเฒฆ (ฤddarinda) – Therefore or hence:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒจเณ เฒฌเฒเฒฆเณ เฒเฒฒเณเฒฒ, เฒเฒฆเณเฒฆเฒฐเฒฟเฒเฒฆ เฒจเฒพเฒตเณ เฒนเณเฒฐเฒเณเฒตเณ.”
(He didn’t come, therefore we left.)
5. เฒฎเณเฒเฒฆเณเฒตเฒฐเณเฒฏเฒพเฒเฒฟ (Munduvariyฤgi) – Subsequently or further:
“เฒจเฒพเฒตเณ เฒฎเณเฒเฒฆเณ เฒเฒฒเณเฒฒเฒฟเฒฏเณ เฒฎเณเฒเฒฆเณเฒตเฒฐเณเฒฏเฒพเฒเฒฟ เฒเฒฐเณเฒเณ เฒฎเฒพเฒกเณเฒฃ.”
(Let’s discuss further here.)
Important Conjunctions in Context
1. เฒ
เฒฅเฒตเฒพ (Athavฤ) – Or:
“เฒจเณเฒตเณ เฒเฒพเฒซเฒฟ เฒ
เฒฅเฒตเฒพ เฒเฒนเฒพ เฒเฒทเณเฒเฒชเฒกเณเฒคเณเฒคเณเฒฐเฒพ?”
(Do you prefer coffee or tea?)
2. เฒฎเฒคเณเฒคเณ (Mattu) – And:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒฐเณ เฒญเฒพเฒจเณเฒตเฒพเฒฐ เฒฎเฒคเณเฒคเณ เฒธเณเฒฎเฒตเฒพเฒฐ เฒฌเฒเฒฆเฒฟเฒฆเณเฒฆเฒพเฒฐเณ.”
(They came on Sunday and Monday.)
3. เฒเฒฆเฒฐเณ (ฤdare) – But:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒจเณ เฒฌเฒฐเณเฒตเณเฒฆเฒพเฒเฒฟ เฒนเณเฒณเฒฟเฒฆ, เฒเฒฆเฒฐเณ เฒฌเฒเฒฆเฒฟเฒฒเณเฒฒ.”
(He said he would come, but he didn’t.)
4. เฒ
เฒฅเฒ (Athacha) – However:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒจเณ เฒถเณเฒฐเณเฒทเณเฒ เฒเฒเฒเฒพเฒฐ, เฒ
เฒฅเฒ เฒ
เฒตเฒจเฒฟเฒเณ เฒนเณเฒเณเฒเณ เฒ
เฒญเณเฒฏเฒพเฒธ เฒ
เฒเฒคเณเฒฏเฒตเฒฟเฒฆเณ.”
(He is an excellent player, however, he needs more practice.)
5. เฒเฒฆเฒพเฒเณเฒฏเณ (ฤdฤgyoo) – Nevertheless:
“เฒ
เฒตเฒจเณ เฒฌเฒฐเณเฒตเณเฒฆเฒฟเฒฒเณเฒฒ, เฒเฒฆเฒพเฒเณเฒฏเณ เฒจเฒพเฒตเณ เฒจเฒกเณเฒฏเฒฌเณเฒเณ.”
(He won’t come, nevertheless, we must go.)
Conclusion
Mastering these 50 essential words will significantly enhance your command of Kannada at the C2 level. They will not only expand your vocabulary but also improve your ability to comprehend and express complex ideas effectively. Remember, language learning is a continuous journey, and regular practice using these words in context will help you achieve fluency and precision. Happy learning!