In Turkish grammar, there are four tenses: present, past, future, and inferential. Each tense represents a different time frame and is used to convey different meanings.

The present tense is used to describe actions that are happening at the current moment or are recurring habits. It is formed by adding the present tense suffixes to the verb stems.

The past tense is used to talk about actions that have already happened in the past. There are different past tense suffixes for each verb group, and they are added to the verb stems.

The future tense is used to express actions that will happen in the future. It is formed by adding the future tense suffix to the verb stems.

The inferential tense is used to talk about events that the speaker did not witness directly but learned about through inference. It is formed by adding the inferential tense suffix to the verb stems.

Understanding the tenses is crucial in Turkish as they determine the temporal aspect of the sentence and help convey the intended meaning. Practice and familiarity with verb conjugation are important in mastering the tenses in Turkish grammar.