In Urdu grammar, the conditional theory plays a critical role in forming complex sentences that express hypothetical or uncertain situations. There are three main types of conditional sentences: present unreal conditionals, past unreal conditionals, and future unreal conditionals.

Present unreal conditionals are used to talk about impossible or unlikely situations in the present. They consist of two parts: the if-clause and the result clause. For example, “Agar maina sawari kar raha huta toh ghar paunch jata” means “If I were driving, I would have reached home.”

Past unreal conditionals, on the other hand, are used to discuss hypothetical situations in the past that did not occur. These sentences use the past perfect tense in the if-clause and the past conditional tense in the result clause. For example, “Agar tum mujhe bula late toh main aajate” means “If you had called me, I would have come today.”

Future unreal conditionals are utilized to imagine hypothetical situations in the future. These sentences use the present tense in the if-clause and the future conditional tense in the result clause. For example, “Agar tum jaldi se yahaan pohanche, toh hum movie dekhenge” means “If you reach here early, we will watch a movie.”