Conditionals in Czech grammar are used to talk about hypothetical or unreal situations. There are four types of conditionals: zero, first, second, and third conditional.

The zero conditional is used to express general truths and facts. It consists of two clauses, both in the present tense. For example, “If it rains, the ground gets wet.”

The first conditional is used to talk about possible future situations. It consists of two clauses, with the condition clause in the present tense and the result clause in the future tense. For example, “If you study hard, you will pass the exam.”

The second conditional is used to talk about unlikely or unreal present or future situations. It consists of two clauses, with the condition clause in the past tense and the result clause in the conditional mood. For example, “If I were rich, I would travel the world.”

The third conditional is used to talk about hypothetical past situations that did not happen. It consists of two clauses, with both clauses in the past perfect tense. For example, “If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.”

Learning and understanding conditionals is important for expressing hypotheticals and talking about possibilities in Czech.