The Participle in Kazakh grammar is an integral part of the language structure. A participle in Kazakh is a word formed from a verb that can function as part of a verb phrase, a noun, an adjective, or a separate verb. It indicates additional information related to time, condition, reason and many other aspects. It’s a vital grammatical element to master as it broadens the spectrum of expression and leads to enhanced communication.
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the correct participle form of the verb given.
1. *ŠŠ°ŃŠ°ŅŠ°Š½* Š¶Š°ŃŠ°Ń (build) Š¼Š°Ń
ŃŠ°, Ó©Š»ŠµŅ£Š“ŠµŃŃ ŃŃŠ½ŃŃŠæŠ°Ņ ŅŅ±Š»ŠæŃŠ½Š°Š¹ Š¾ŃŃŃ.
2. *ŠŠµŠ»Š¼ŠµŠ³ŠµŠ½* ŠŗŠµŠ»Ń (come) Š°Š“Š°Š¼Š“Š°Ń ŅÆŃŃŠ½ Ó©Š·Š³Šµ Š¶ŠµŃŠ»ŠµŃ Š±Š¾Š»ŃŠæ ŃŠ°Š±ŃŠ»Š°ŃŃŠ½.
3. *Š¢Š°ŠæŅŠ°Š½* ŃŠ°ŠæŃ (find) ŠµŃŠŗŠµŠŗ Š±Š°Š»Š° ŅŠ°Š¹ŃŠ°ŃŃŅŠ° ŠŗÓ©Ņ£ŃŠ» Š±Ó©Š»Š“Ń.
4. *ŠÓ©ŃŠ³ŠµŠ½* ŠŗÓ©ŃŃ (see) Š½ÓŃŃŠµŠ»ŠµŃŠ“ŃŅ£ Š±ÓŃŃ Š¶Š°ŅŃŃ, ŃŠµŠ¼ŠµŠ¹ ŠŗŠµŃŃ ŅŠ°Š½Š° Š³ŅÆŠ»Š“ŠµŠ½Š“Ń.
5. ŠŅ±ŅŠ°Š»ŃŠ¼ Š±Š°ŃŠ»ŃŅ Š¾ŅŃŃŃŠ»Š°ŃŠ“Ń ŃŠ°ŅŠ“ŃŠ»Š°Šæ, *Š¾Š¹Š»Š°Šæ* Š¾Š¹Š»Š°Ń (think) Š±Š¾Š»Š°Š“Ń.
6. *ŠŅÆŃŠ³ŠµŠ½* Š¶ŅÆŃŃ (walk) Š¶Š¾Š»Š°ŃŃŃ Š±Š°ŃŠ»ŃŅ ŅŠøŃŠ½Š“ŃŅŃŠ°ŃŠ“Ń ŃŠµŃŃŠæ, Š°ŃŅŃŠ° ŃŅ±ŃŅŠ°Š½.
7. *Š¢ŅÆŃŠŗŠµŠ½* ŃŅÆŃŃ (extinguish) Š¾Ń ŅŠ°Š»Š“Ń.
8. *ŠÓŠ½Š“ŠµŃŃŠ»Š³ŠµŠ½* Š¶ÓŠ½Š“ŠµŃŃ (celebrate) Š¼ŠµŃŠµŠŗŠµ Š¾Š“Š°ŅŃ Ņ±ŃŠ°ŅŃŃ Š±Š¾Š»Š“Ń.
9. *Š”Š°Š»ŅŠ°Š½* ŃŠ°Š»Ń (pour) ŃŃ ŃÓŃŠ»ŠµŠ»ŠµŠ½ŠµŠ“Ń.
10. *ŠŃŠ±ŠµŃŃŠ»Š³ŠµŠ½* Š¶ŃŠ±ŠµŃŃ (send) Ń Š°Ń ŃŠµŠ· Š¶ŠµŃŠŗŃŠ·ŃŠ»Š“Ń.
2. *ŠŠµŠ»Š¼ŠµŠ³ŠµŠ½* ŠŗŠµŠ»Ń (come) Š°Š“Š°Š¼Š“Š°Ń ŅÆŃŃŠ½ Ó©Š·Š³Šµ Š¶ŠµŃŠ»ŠµŃ Š±Š¾Š»ŃŠæ ŃŠ°Š±ŃŠ»Š°ŃŃŠ½.
3. *Š¢Š°ŠæŅŠ°Š½* ŃŠ°ŠæŃ (find) ŠµŃŠŗŠµŠŗ Š±Š°Š»Š° ŅŠ°Š¹ŃŠ°ŃŃŅŠ° ŠŗÓ©Ņ£ŃŠ» Š±Ó©Š»Š“Ń.
4. *ŠÓ©ŃŠ³ŠµŠ½* ŠŗÓ©ŃŃ (see) Š½ÓŃŃŠµŠ»ŠµŃŠ“ŃŅ£ Š±ÓŃŃ Š¶Š°ŅŃŃ, ŃŠµŠ¼ŠµŠ¹ ŠŗŠµŃŃ ŅŠ°Š½Š° Š³ŅÆŠ»Š“ŠµŠ½Š“Ń.
5. ŠŅ±ŅŠ°Š»ŃŠ¼ Š±Š°ŃŠ»ŃŅ Š¾ŅŃŃŃŠ»Š°ŃŠ“Ń ŃŠ°ŅŠ“ŃŠ»Š°Šæ, *Š¾Š¹Š»Š°Šæ* Š¾Š¹Š»Š°Ń (think) Š±Š¾Š»Š°Š“Ń.
6. *ŠŅÆŃŠ³ŠµŠ½* Š¶ŅÆŃŃ (walk) Š¶Š¾Š»Š°ŃŃŃ Š±Š°ŃŠ»ŃŅ ŅŠøŃŠ½Š“ŃŅŃŠ°ŃŠ“Ń ŃŠµŃŃŠæ, Š°ŃŅŃŠ° ŃŅ±ŃŅŠ°Š½.
7. *Š¢ŅÆŃŠŗŠµŠ½* ŃŅÆŃŃ (extinguish) Š¾Ń ŅŠ°Š»Š“Ń.
8. *ŠÓŠ½Š“ŠµŃŃŠ»Š³ŠµŠ½* Š¶ÓŠ½Š“ŠµŃŃ (celebrate) Š¼ŠµŃŠµŠŗŠµ Š¾Š“Š°ŅŃ Ņ±ŃŠ°ŅŃŃ Š±Š¾Š»Š“Ń.
9. *Š”Š°Š»ŅŠ°Š½* ŃŠ°Š»Ń (pour) ŃŃ ŃÓŃŠ»ŠµŠ»ŠµŠ½ŠµŠ“Ń.
10. *ŠŃŠ±ŠµŃŃŠ»Š³ŠµŠ½* Š¶ŃŠ±ŠµŃŃ (send) Ń Š°Ń ŃŠµŠ· Š¶ŠµŃŠŗŃŠ·ŃŠ»Š“Ń.
Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks by using the right participle form of the verb provided.
1. *ŠŠ°ŃŠ°ŅŠ°Š½* Š¶Š°ŃŠ°Ń (make) Š±Š°Š»ŅŃŃŃŃ ŠµŃŠŗŠµŠŗŠŗŠµ Š¾ŃŠ½ŃŅ£ Š±Š°Ń ŠµŠŗŠµŠ½ŃŠ½ Š°Š¹ŃŃŠ°Š“Ń.
2. *Š”Š°ŃŃŠ»ŅŠ°Š½* ŃŠ°ŃŃ (sell) ŃŠ°ŃŠ°ŃŠ“Ń Š¾ŃŠµŃŠµŠ“ŃŠ½Š“Šµ Š¾ŃŠ½Š°Š»Š°ŃŅŠ°Š½ Š°Š“Š°Š¼ Š¶Š°ŃŃŃ.
3. ŠŅ±ŅŠ°Š»ŃŠ¼ Š±ŃŠ·Š³Šµ Š±Ņ±ŅŠ°Š½ Š±Š°Š¹ *ŠŗŃŃŠ“ŠµŃŠ³ŠµŠ½* ŠŗŅ±ŃŠ“ŠµŃŃ (grow) Š¶Ņ±Š¼ŃŃŠŗŠ° Š¾ŃŠ½Š°ŃŃŅŠ° ŃŃŃŃŃŃŠ“Ń Š±Ņ±Š¹ŃŃŠ“Ń.
4. *Š¢ŃŅŠ°Š½* ŃŃŃ (birth) ŠŗŅÆŠ½ŃŅ£ Š±Š¾Š»ŅŠ°Š½Š“Š° Ó©ŃŠµ Š±ŠµŃŃŠŗ ŠæŠ°Š· Š±Š¾Š»Ń Š¶ŠµŅ£ŃŠ».
5. *ŠŠµŠ»Š¼ŠµŠ³ŠµŠ½* ŠŗŠµŠ»Ń (come) Š°Š“Š°Š¼ ŅÆŃŃŠ½ Š±Š°ŃŠ»ŃŅŃ ŅŠ°ŃŃŃ Š±Š¾Š»Š“Ń.
6. *ÓØŃŃŠæ* Ó©ŃŃ (pass) ŃŠ°ŅŃŃ, ŃŠµŠ½ŃŠ¼Š“Ń Š¶Š°ŃŃŃ.
7. *Š¢ŃŅ£Š“Š°ŅŠ°Š½* ŃŃŅ£Š“Š°Ń (listen) ÓŠ¹ŠµŠ» Š°Š¹ŃŠ°Ń Š°ŃŠ·ŃŠ½ Š°ŃŃŃ.
8. *Š¢ŅÆŃŠæŠµŠ³ŠµŠ½* ŃŅÆŃŃ (fall) Š¶ŠµŠ¼ŃŃ Š±Ó©Š±ŠµŠŗŃŠµŃŠ³Šµ ŃŠ°Š¼Š°Ņ ŠµŃŃŠæ Š¾ŃŃŃ.
9. *Š”ŠµŠ·Š³ŠµŠ½* ŃŠµŠ·Ń (notice) Š¶Š°ŃŃŃŅ, Š±Š°ŃŅŠ° Š¶Š¾Š»Š“Š°Š½ Ó©ŃŃŠæ Š¾ŃŃŃ.
10. *ŠŅÆŃŠ³ŠµŠ½* Š¶ŅÆŃŃ (walk) Š¶Š¾Š»Š°ŃŃŃ, Š¶Š¾Š»ŅŠ° ŃŃŅŠ° ŃŠµŠ³ŠµŠ½.
2. *Š”Š°ŃŃŠ»ŅŠ°Š½* ŃŠ°ŃŃ (sell) ŃŠ°ŃŠ°ŃŠ“Ń Š¾ŃŠµŃŠµŠ“ŃŠ½Š“Šµ Š¾ŃŠ½Š°Š»Š°ŃŅŠ°Š½ Š°Š“Š°Š¼ Š¶Š°ŃŃŃ.
3. ŠŅ±ŅŠ°Š»ŃŠ¼ Š±ŃŠ·Š³Šµ Š±Ņ±ŅŠ°Š½ Š±Š°Š¹ *ŠŗŃŃŠ“ŠµŃŠ³ŠµŠ½* ŠŗŅ±ŃŠ“ŠµŃŃ (grow) Š¶Ņ±Š¼ŃŃŠŗŠ° Š¾ŃŠ½Š°ŃŃŅŠ° ŃŃŃŃŃŃŠ“Ń Š±Ņ±Š¹ŃŃŠ“Ń.
4. *Š¢ŃŅŠ°Š½* ŃŃŃ (birth) ŠŗŅÆŠ½ŃŅ£ Š±Š¾Š»ŅŠ°Š½Š“Š° Ó©ŃŠµ Š±ŠµŃŃŠŗ ŠæŠ°Š· Š±Š¾Š»Ń Š¶ŠµŅ£ŃŠ».
5. *ŠŠµŠ»Š¼ŠµŠ³ŠµŠ½* ŠŗŠµŠ»Ń (come) Š°Š“Š°Š¼ ŅÆŃŃŠ½ Š±Š°ŃŠ»ŃŅŃ ŅŠ°ŃŃŃ Š±Š¾Š»Š“Ń.
6. *ÓØŃŃŠæ* Ó©ŃŃ (pass) ŃŠ°ŅŃŃ, ŃŠµŠ½ŃŠ¼Š“Ń Š¶Š°ŃŃŃ.
7. *Š¢ŃŅ£Š“Š°ŅŠ°Š½* ŃŃŅ£Š“Š°Ń (listen) ÓŠ¹ŠµŠ» Š°Š¹ŃŠ°Ń Š°ŃŠ·ŃŠ½ Š°ŃŃŃ.
8. *Š¢ŅÆŃŠæŠµŠ³ŠµŠ½* ŃŅÆŃŃ (fall) Š¶ŠµŠ¼ŃŃ Š±Ó©Š±ŠµŠŗŃŠµŃŠ³Šµ ŃŠ°Š¼Š°Ņ ŠµŃŃŠæ Š¾ŃŃŃ.
9. *Š”ŠµŠ·Š³ŠµŠ½* ŃŠµŠ·Ń (notice) Š¶Š°ŃŃŃŅ, Š±Š°ŃŅŠ° Š¶Š¾Š»Š“Š°Š½ Ó©ŃŃŠæ Š¾ŃŃŃ.
10. *ŠŅÆŃŠ³ŠµŠ½* Š¶ŅÆŃŃ (walk) Š¶Š¾Š»Š°ŃŃŃ, Š¶Š¾Š»ŅŠ° ŃŃŅŠ° ŃŠµŠ³ŠµŠ½.
