Declensions in Latvian grammar are used to indicate the grammatical case, number, and gender of a noun, pronoun, adjective, numeral, and in some cases, the participle. The Latvian language has 6 declensions – nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, locative, and vocative, along with dual and plural forms. Each of these declensions has a different ending, and there are certain rules to be followed for declining words in Latvian.
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the correct case declension of the noun provided in brackets.
1. Es gaidu *draugu* (friend) pie mฤjฤm.
2. Mฤs jลซtam *mฤซlestฤซbu* (love) pret mลซsu zemi.
3. Mamma noliek tavas *rotaฤผlietas* (toys) uz plaukta.
4. Kalns ir augsts, bet *upe* (river) ir zema.
5. Kฤrlis iemฤcฤs *vฤrdus* (words) no grฤmatas.
6. Tava *balle* (ball) ir zem gultas.
7. Budลพets savฤjas *krฤslฤ* (chair).
8. ล is *reฤฃistrs* (register) ir pilns.
9. Mana *mฤte* (mother) ir vidusskolฤ.
10. Krฤjums ir *putukrฤjumฤ* (whipped cream).
11. Es dzirdu tavu *sirds* (heart) d beating.
12. Daudz *laika* (time) ir pagฤjis kopลก pฤdฤjฤs reizes.
13. Es esmu *grฤmatฤ* (book) ielikts.
14. Latvijฤ ir daudz *koku* (trees).
15. Tas ir *tฤls* (far) ceฤผลก mฤjฤm.
Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with the proper case declension of the adjective provided in brackets.
1. Man ir *spilgti* (bright) spilvens.
2. Mana *jaunฤ* (new) rota ir zelta krฤsฤ.
3. Es dzirdฤju *liels* (big) troksnis.
4. ล is ir *garลก* (long) stฤsts.
5. Jลซsu *verdoลกs* (boiling) ลซdens ir gatavs.
6. ล ฤซ ir *maza* (small) istaba.
7. *Labฤkais* (best) draugs ir tas, kas tev ir visticamฤk.
8. Kaklasaite ir *vฤsu* (cool).
9. Man ir *pฤdฤjais* (last) komentฤrs par ลกo.
10. *Pirmฤ* (first) diena skolฤ var bลซt grลซta.
11. Mums ir *gudrs* (smart) skolotฤjs.
12. Man ir *ฤtrs* (fast) kompjลซters.
13. ล odien ir *lielฤซts* (great) laiks.
14. Man patฤซk tavs *jauns* (new) auto.
15. Tavs *rลซgts* (bitter) melns ลกokolฤde apmierina manu apetฤซti.