Definition and Function of Possessive Adjectives

Possessive adjectives are a crucial part of Azerbaijani grammar, as they indicate relationships between nouns and their owners. They help to establish the ownership or connection between objects, people, and ideas. In English, examples of possessive adjectives include my, your, his, her, its, our, and their. In Azerbaijani, these adjectives function differently and are formed by adding specific suffixes to nouns.

Formation of Possessive Adjectives in Azerbaijani

In Azerbaijani grammar, possessive adjectives are formed by attaching suffixes to the nouns they modify. The vowel harmony rules play a critical role in determining the appropriate suffixes to be used. Below is a list of the suffixes used in forming possessive adjectives:

• -m: my
• -n: your (singular)
• -sı/si (depending on vowel harmony): his/her/its
• -mız/miz: our
• -niz/niz: your (plural)
• -ları/leri: their

It is essential to note that the suffixes follow a vowel harmony rule, ensuring that the vowels in the suffixes are aligned with the rest of the word. This rule follows the principles of rounding and backing.

Sample Sentences with Possessive Adjectives in Azerbaijani

To gain a more comprehensive understanding of possessive adjectives in Azerbaijani grammar, let’s take a look at some example sentences:

1. Menim kitabım stolun üstündədir. (My book is on the table.)
2. Sizə qələmín lazım olar? (Do you need your pen?)
3. Onun uşağı yuxu vaxtıdır. (Her child is sleeping.)
4. Bizim avtomobilímiz səhər mərkəzindədir. (Our car is in the city center.)
5. Onların evléri yerişil əraziyə qırxıldır. (Their house is surrounded by greenery.)

Azerbaijani Possessive Adjectives with Pronouns

When using possessive adjectives with pronouns, the same suffixes are applied, following the aforementioned vowel harmony rules. This creates a possessive pronoun which, in many cases, can replace the noun.

Here are some examples:

1. Bu onun-dir. (This is his.)
2. Onların-ki bura uzaqdır. (Theirs is far from here.)
3. Sizin baxışınızi nə?

Conclusion

Understanding the proper formation and usage of possessive adjectives in Azerbaijani grammar is essential for mastering the language and communicating effectively. By paying attention to vowel harmony rules and the distinct suffixes for each adjective, learners can ensure that their Azerbaijani language skills are accurate and polished. Keep practicing with various nouns and pronouns to become well-versed in this critical aspect of the Azerbaijani language.