Common Verbs

Verbs are the backbone of any language, and Korean is no exception. By expanding your verb vocabulary, you’ll be able to express a wider range of actions and ideas.

1. 고치다 (gochida) – to fix, to repair
Example: 그는 그의 자전거를 고쳤다. (He fixed his bike.)

2. 결정하다 (gyeoljeonghada) – to decide
Example: 우리는 여행을 가기로 결정했다. (We decided to go on a trip.)

3. 기대하다 (gidaehada) – to expect
Example: 나는 좋은 결과를 기대하고 있다. (I am expecting good results.)

4. 설명하다 (seolmyeonghada) – to explain
Example: 선생님이 문제를 설명했다. (The teacher explained the problem.)

5. 참여하다 (chamyeohada) – to participate
Example: 많은 사람들이 행사에 참여했다. (Many people participated in the event.)

Descriptive Adjectives

Adjectives add color and detail to your sentences, making your speech and writing more vivid and precise.

1. 복잡하다 (bokjaphada) – complicated, complex
Example: 이 문제는 너무 복잡해요. (This problem is too complicated.)

2. 친절하다 (chinjeolhada) – kind, friendly
Example: 그녀는 매우 친절한 사람이다. (She is a very kind person.)

3. 부드럽다 (budeureopda) – soft, gentle
Example: 이 담요는 매우 부드럽다. (This blanket is very soft.)

4. 강하다 (ganghada) – strong
Example: 그는 매우 강한 남자이다. (He is a very strong man.)

5. 신선하다 (sinsunhada) – fresh
Example: 이 야채는 매우 신선하다. (These vegetables are very fresh.)

Useful Nouns

Nouns form the core of your vocabulary, enabling you to discuss a variety of topics. Here are some useful nouns for intermediate learners.

1. 경험 (gyeongheom) – experience
Example: 나는 좋은 경험을 했다. (I had a good experience.)

2. 기회 (gihoe) – opportunity
Example: 그는 좋은 기회를 놓쳤다. (He missed a good opportunity.)

3. 환경 (hwangyeong) – environment
Example: 환경 보호는 중요하다. (Environmental protection is important.)

4. 문제 (munje) – problem, issue
Example: 우리는 큰 문제를 해결해야 한다. (We need to solve a big problem.)

5. 취미 (chwimi) – hobby
Example: 내 취미는 사진 찍기다. (My hobby is photography.)

Essential Adverbs

Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs, providing additional context to your sentences.

1. 갑자기 (gapjagi) – suddenly
Example: 그는 갑자기 방을 나갔다. (He suddenly left the room.)

2. 천천히 (cheoncheonhi) – slowly
Example: 천천히 걸으세요. (Please walk slowly.)

3. 자주 (jaju) – often
Example: 나는 자주 커피를 마신다. (I often drink coffee.)

4. 벌써 (beolsseo) – already
Example: 그는 벌써 집에 갔다. (He has already gone home.)

5. 함께 (hamkke) – together
Example: 우리는 함께 영화를 봤다. (We watched a movie together.)

Expressions and Idioms

Expressions and idioms can make your speech sound more natural and native-like. Here are some common ones you might encounter.

1. 눈이 높다 (nuni nopda) – to have high standards
Example: 그녀는 눈이 높아서 쉽게 만족하지 않는다. (She has high standards, so she is not easily satisfied.)

2. 손을 쓰다 (soneul sseuda) – to take action
Example: 문제가 커지기 전에 손을 써야 한다. (We need to take action before the problem gets bigger.)

3. 마음에 들다 (maeume deulda) – to like, to be pleased with
Example: 이 옷이 마음에 든다. (I like these clothes.)

4. 귀가 얇다 (gwiga yalbda) – to be easily influenced
Example: 그는 귀가 얇아서 다른 사람의 말을 쉽게 믿는다. (He is easily influenced and believes what others say.)

5. 입이 가볍다 (ibi gabyeopda) – to be talkative, to have a big mouth
Example: 그는 입이 가벼워서 비밀을 지키지 못한다. (He is talkative and can’t keep a secret.)

Connectors and Conjunctions

Using connectors and conjunctions effectively can help you form more complex sentences and convey your ideas more clearly.

1. 그러므로 (geureomuro) – therefore
Example: 비가 많이 왔다. 그러므로 우리는 집에 있었다. (It rained a lot. Therefore, we stayed home.)

2. 하지만 (hajiman) – but, however
Example: 나는 그것을 좋아해. 하지만 비싸다. (I like it. However, it’s expensive.)

3. 왜냐하면 (waenyahamyeon) – because
Example: 나는 늦었어. 왜냐하면 교통이 막혔어. (I am late because there was a traffic jam.)

4. 만약 (manyak) – if
Example: 만약 시간이 있다면, 우리 영화 보자. (If you have time, let’s watch a movie.)

5. 그리고 (geurigo) – and
Example: 나는 책을 읽었다. 그리고 음악을 들었다. (I read a book. And I listened to music.)

Polite Expressions

Politeness is a crucial aspect of Korean culture. Understanding and using polite expressions will help you navigate social situations more effectively.

1. 죄송합니다 (joesonghamnida) – I’m sorry
Example: 늦어서 죄송합니다. (I’m sorry for being late.)

2. 감사합니다 (gamsahamnida) – Thank you
Example: 도움을 주셔서 감사합니다. (Thank you for your help.)

3. 실례합니다 (sillyehamnida) – Excuse me
Example: 실례합니다, 길 좀 물어볼 수 있을까요? (Excuse me, can I ask for directions?)

4. 부탁드립니다 (butakdeurimnida) – Please (polite request)
Example: 이 일 좀 부탁드립니다. (Please take care of this matter.)

5. 축하합니다 (chukahamnida) – Congratulations
Example: 승진을 축하합니다! (Congratulations on your promotion!)

Words Related to Daily Activities

Being able to talk about your daily routine and activities is essential for intermediate learners. Here are some useful words.

1. 운동하다 (undonghada) – to exercise
Example: 나는 매일 아침 운동한다. (I exercise every morning.)

2. 청소하다 (cheongsohada) – to clean
Example: 주말에는 집을 청소한다. (I clean the house on weekends.)

3. 요리하다 (yorihada) – to cook
Example: 오늘 저녁은 내가 요리할게. (I will cook dinner tonight.)

4. 공부하다 (gongbuhada) – to study
Example: 시험을 위해 열심히 공부했다. (I studied hard for the exam.)

5. 쉬다 (swida) – to rest
Example: 피곤해서 잠깐 쉰다. (I’m going to rest for a while because I’m tired.)

Words Related to Travel and Transportation

Traveling and getting around are common topics of conversation. Knowing these words will be very useful.

1. 기차 (gicha) – train
Example: 우리는 기차로 부산에 갔다. (We went to Busan by train.)

2. 비행기 (bihaenggi) – airplane
Example: 비행기를 타고 여행을 했다. (I traveled by airplane.)

3. 버스 (beoseu) – bus
Example: 나는 매일 버스를 탄다. (I take the bus every day.)

4. 지하철 (jihacheol) – subway
Example: 지하철이 가장 빠르다. (The subway is the fastest.)

5. 지도 (jido) – map
Example: 여행할 때 지도를 챙겼다. (I took a map when I traveled.)

Words for Emotions and Feelings

Expressing your emotions and feelings accurately is an important part of communication. Here are some words to help you do that.

1. 행복하다 (haengbokhada) – to be happy
Example: 나는 오늘 매우 행복하다. (I am very happy today.)

2. 슬프다 (seulpeuda) – to be sad
Example: 그 소식을 듣고 슬펐다. (I was sad to hear that news.)

3. 화나다 (hwanada) – to be angry
Example: 그의 행동에 화가 났다. (I was angry at his behavior.)

4. 놀라다 (nollada) – to be surprised
Example: 그 소식에 놀랐다. (I was surprised by the news.)

5. 걱정하다 (geokjeonghada) – to worry
Example: 그녀는 시험 결과를 걱정하고 있다. (She is worried about the exam results.)

Conclusion

Expanding your Korean vocabulary at the intermediate level is essential for improving your language skills and gaining a deeper understanding of the culture. The words and expressions covered in this article will help you navigate a variety of social situations, express your thoughts and feelings more accurately, and understand more complex texts and conversations. Remember to practice these words regularly and try to use them in your daily conversations to reinforce your learning. Happy studying!