Learning Icelandic can be both a challenging and rewarding experience. One common area of confusion for learners is the difference between the words á and ég á, which roughly translate to “on” and “I have” in English. While these may seem straightforward, understanding their usage and context is crucial for mastering Icelandic.

Á

The word á in Icelandic is a versatile preposition that can translate to “on,” “at,” or “upon” in English, depending on the context.

á
The word á is used to indicate position or time, much like “on” or “at” in English.
Bókin er á borðinu.

Another usage of á is in idiomatic expressions where it can mean “at” or “in the process of.”
Hún er á ferðalagi.

Examples of Á in Sentences

á can also denote possession when used in a specific context, such as “having an event.”
Við erum á fundi.

In addition, á is used in time expressions to indicate days or dates.
Ég á afmæli á morgun.

The word á is also used to express the concept of being “on” a surface.
Skórnir eru á gólfinu.

Ég á

On the other hand, ég á translates to “I have” and is used to express possession or ownership.

ég á
The phrase ég á is a combination of the pronoun “I” (ég) and the verb “to have” (á).
Ég á hund.

ég á can also be used to indicate relationships or connections.
Ég á marga vini.

Examples of Ég Á in Sentences

ég á is used to talk about having something in a more abstract sense as well, such as having an idea or a thought.
Ég á góða hugmynd.

It can also be used in a financial context to indicate ownership or debt.
Ég á peninga á bankareikningi mínum.

ég á is also used in expressions of obligation, as in “I have to.”
Ég á að fara.

Comparing Á and Ég Á

Understanding the difference between á and ég á is essential for clear communication in Icelandic. While á is mainly used as a preposition to indicate location, time, or state, ég á is used to express possession or obligation.

Common Mistakes

A common mistake learners make is confusing the use of á and ég á in sentences. For example, saying *Ég á fundi* instead of *Ég er á fundi* is incorrect. The first sentence erroneously suggests ownership of the meeting, while the second correctly states that you are attending a meeting.

á
Ég er á tónleikum.

ég á
Ég á tvo ketti.

Mnemonic Devices

To remember the difference, think of á as always answering the questions “where?” or “when?” and ég á as answering “what do I have?” or “what do I need to do?”

á
Bíllinn er á götunni.

ég á
Ég á nýjan bíl.

Practice Exercises

Here are some exercises to help you practice the difference between á and ég á:

1. Translate the following sentences into Icelandic:
– The book is on the table.
– I have a book.
– We are at a meeting.
– I have to go.

2. Fill in the blanks with the correct form (á or ég á):
– Ég __________ peninga.
– Hann er __________ ferðalagi.
– Húsið er __________ hæðinni.
– Við __________ góða hugmynd.

Answers

1.
– Bókin er á borðinu.
– Ég á bók.
– Við erum á fundi.
– Ég á að fara.

2.
– Ég á peninga.
– Hann er á ferðalagi.
– Húsið er á hæðinni.
– Við eigum góða hugmynd.

By understanding the nuances of á and ég á, you can greatly improve your Icelandic language skills and avoid common pitfalls. Practice these concepts, and soon you’ll find them becoming second nature. Happy learning!