सरकार (Sarkaar)
Definition: Government
सरकार refers to the governing authority of a political unit. It is the organization through which political authority is exercised at the municipal, provincial, state, or national level.
इस साल सरकार ने कई जन-कल्याणकारी योजनाएं शुरू की हैं।

प्रशासन (Prashaasan)
Definition: Administration
The term प्रशासन is used for the activities of a government which are concerned with the implementation of policies and laws, and the day-to-day functioning of the state or other political unit.
तहसील का प्रशासन काफी सक्रिय है।

राजनीति (Rajneeti)
Definition: Politics
राजनीति is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status.
राजनीति में नैतिकता का होना जरुरी है।

नीति (Neeti)
Definition: Policy
नीति refers to a deliberate system of principles to guide decisions and achieve rational outcomes. It is a statement of intent and is implemented as a procedure or protocol.
सरकार नई शिक्षा नीति लेकर आ रही है।

मंत्री (Mantri)
Definition: Minister
A मंत्री is a politician who heads a ministry, making and implementing decisions on policies in conjunction with the other ministers.
स्वास्थ्य मंत्री ने आज अस्पताल का दौरा किया।

संविधान (Samvidhaan)
Definition: Constitution
संविधान is the body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is acknowledged to be governed.
भारत का संविधान दुनिया के सबसे बड़े संविधानों में से एक है।

लोकसभा (Lok Sabha)
Definition: House of the People (Lower house of India’s Parliament)
The लोकसभा is the lower house of India’s bicameral Parliament, with members elected by the public.
लोकसभा में आज नया बिल पास हुआ।

राज्यसभा (Rajya Sabha)
Definition: Council of States (Upper house of India’s Parliament)
राज्यसभा is the upper house of the Parliament of India. Members are elected by the elected members of State Legislative Assemblies, and by the members of the Electoral college for Union Territories.
राज्यसभा ने इस विधेयक पर मंजूरी दी।

Understanding these terms is crucial for learners who aim to engage in conversations about the political and administrative aspects of Hindi-speaking regions. Each term has its specific use and context, which becomes clear as one dives deeper into the language and the political culture of the area. Relating these terms to current events can also help in better retention and understanding.