Kolmas konditionaali eli third conditional on englannin kieliopin rakenne, jota käytetään kun puhutaan menneisyydessä tapahtuneista asioista, jotka eivät todellisuudessa tapahtuneet. Se on hypoteettinen lause, jossa mietitään, mitä olisi saattanut tapahtua, jos toinen asia olisi ollut toisin. Kolmas konditionaali koostuu kahdesta osasta: ehdollisesta lauseesta (if-lauseesta) sekä pääsivirkeestä, jotka molemmat ovat menneessä ajassa. Rakenne on yleensä ”if + past perfect, would + have + past participle”.
Tämän harjoituksen avulla voit harjoitella kolmannen konditionaalin käyttöä. Se on hyödyllinen rakenne, sillä se auttaa kommunikoimaan tilanteesta, jossa pohdimme menneitä tilanteita ja niiden mahdollisia lopputuloksia. Huomaat kuinka usein kolmatta konditionaalia käytetään englanninkielisessä kirjallisuudessa, elokuvissa ja arkipäivän keskusteluissa. Harjoittele rakennetta näiden lauseiden avulla ja paranna kykyäsi käyttää englantia monipuolisemmin.
Harjoitus 1: Täydennä lauseet käyttämällä kolmatta konditionaalia
If I *had known* (know) about the traffic, I wouldn’t have been late.
She *would have gone* (go) to the beach if it hadn’t been raining.
If he *had had* (have) enough money, he would have bought that car.
You *wouldn’t have failed* (fail) the test if you had studied harder.
If they *had arrived* (arrive) earlier, they would have seen the opening ceremony.
He would have been upset if you *hadn’t told* (tell) him the truth.
We *would have missed* (miss) the bus if we hadn’t left the house at 8 am.
If my friends *had come* (come) over, we would have had a party.
She would have understood the joke if you *had explained* (explain) it better.
If it *had snowed* (snow) last night, we could have gone skiing today.
He *would have accepted* (accept) the job offer if he hadn’t received a better one.
If you *had told* (tell) me you needed help, I would have helped you.
If we *had seen* (see) the movie, we would know the ending.
I *wouldn’t have eaten* (eat) so much if I had known there was dessert.
They *would have stayed* (stay) longer if they hadn’t had an early flight.
Harjoitus 2: Muodosta kolme konditionaalia seuraavien lauseiden avulla
If she *hadn’t overslept* (oversleep), she would have caught the bus.
I *would have called* (call) you if my phone hadn’t died.
He would have sold his car if someone *had offered* (offer) a good price.
We *wouldn’t have been* (be) tired if we had slept well.
If you *had worn* (wear) a coat, you wouldn’t have gotten a cold.
She *would have been* (be) happier if she had seen her friends more often.
If they *had practiced* (practice) their performance, they wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
I *wouldn’t have lost* (lose) my keys if I had paid more attention.
If he *hadn’t forgotten* (forget) his passport, he could have traveled with us.
You *would have enjoyed* (enjoy) the concert if you had gone to it.
If we *had taken* (take) a map, we wouldn’t have gotten lost.
She *wouldn’t have felt* (feel) so stressed if she had managed her time better.
If he *had listened* (listen) to his doctor, he might have recovered faster.
I would have baked a cake if I *had had* (have) all the ingredients.
You *would have known* (know) the answer if you had paid attention in class.
