As cláusulas de particípio em inglês são uma forma avançada de expressar ações de forma compacta e fluida na linguagem escrita e falada. Elas permitem que os falantes combinem informações de maneira eficiente, utilizando as formas de particípio dos verbos, que podem ser presente (ending in -ing) ou passado (usually ending in -ed, -t, -en, etc.). A competência nesse tópico está diretamente ligada à capacidade de construir frases mais ricas e complexas, essenciais para a fluência no idioma.
Um bom domínio de cláusulas de particípio favorece não só a expressão escrita mas também a compreensão leitora, pois permite desvendar o sentido de orações em que estas são empregadas. Os exercícios a seguir são projetados para ajudar estudantes de inglês a praticar a formação e o uso dessas construções gramaticais.
Exercício 1: Preencha as lacunas utilizando a forma correta de particípio presente ou passado.
1. The cat, *seen* (see) outside the window, was looking for shelter.
2. *Bearing* (bear) in mind what you’ve said, I’ll be more careful.
3. The cookies, *baked* (bake) by my grandmother, are delicious.
4. *Feeling* (feel) hungry, I decided to make a sandwich.
5. The athletes, *exhausted* (exhaust) after the marathon, sat down to rest.
6. *Having* (have) finished their homework, the children went outside to play.
7. *Driven* (drive) by curiosity, she opened the old book.
8. The bridge, *damaged* (damage) by the storm, needed urgent repairs.
9. John, *hoping* (hope) to find a new job, updated his resume.
10. The company, *aiming* (aim) to increase sales, launched a new advertisement.
11. *Knowing* (know) the truth, she felt more at ease.
12. *Caught* (catch) in the act, the thief had no excuse.
13. The movie, *directed* (direct) by a famous filmmaker, received critical acclaim.
14. *Armed* (arm) with the necessary information, he went into the meeting confidently.
15. *Given* (give) the circumstances, I believe you made the right decision.
Exercício 2: Complete as frases escolhendo a forma correta do particípio.
1. The child, *frightened* (frighten) by the noise, clung to his mother.
2. *Surrounded* (surround) by fans, the celebrity struggled to reach the car.
3. The tourists, *fascinated* (fascinate) by the ancient ruins, took many photos.
4. *Lost* (lose) in thought, she didn’t hear the doorbellring.
5. The documents, *misplaced* (misplace) by the staff, were important for the meeting.
6. He sat by the window, *gazing* (gaze) at the stars.
7. The wall, *painted* (paint) a bright color, changed the room’s appearance.
8. The deer, *startled* (startle) by the hunter, ran into the forest.
9. *Influenced* (influence) by his peers, he made some poor choices.
10. The vase, *shattered* (shatter) into pieces, couldn’t be repaired.
11. The tasks, *completed* (complete) ahead of schedule, gave us some free time.
12. *Encouraged* (encourage) by her friends, she applied for the scholarship.
13. *Motivated* (motivate) by a desire to help, the volunteers worked tirelessly.
14. The trees, *uprooted* (uproot) during the storm, blocked the road.
15. *Dressed* (dress) in a beautiful gown, she was ready for the gala.
