Possessive determiners, also known as possessive adjectives, are an essential component of Czech grammar. These words demonstrate the relationship between two nouns, where one noun possesses or owns the other noun. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the intricacies of Czech possessive determiners, their usage, forms and agreement rules.
In Czech, possessive determiners are derived from personal pronouns. Each pronoun has a corresponding possessive determiner form. The following table provides an overview of these forms:
| Personal Pronoun | Possessive Determiner |
|---|---|
| já (I) | můj (my) |
| ty (you, singular) | tvůj (your, singular) |
| on (he) | jeho (his) |
| ona (she) | její (her) |
| ono (it) | jeho (its) |
| my (we) | náš (our) |
| vy (you, plural) | váš (your, plural) |
| oni/ony (they) | jejich (their) |
Note: The forms jeho and její do not change according to gender, number or case; however, the remaining possessive determiners must follow specific agreement rules.
Czech possessive determiners must agree with the noun they are modifying in gender, number and case. The following chart illustrates the declension patterns for the masculine, feminine, and neuter gender forms of the possessive determiners můj, tvůj, náš, and váš:
Masculine:
| Case | můj (my) | tvůj (your) |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | můj | tvůj |
