{"id":752983,"date":"2024-06-11T05:53:47","date_gmt":"2024-06-11T05:53:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/vocabulary\/%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b0-kartina-vs-%d1%84%d0%be%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%8f-fotografiya-%e4%bf%84%e8%af%ad%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87%e4%b8%8e\/"},"modified":"2024-06-11T05:53:47","modified_gmt":"2024-06-11T05:53:47","slug":"%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b0-kartina-vs-%d1%84%d0%be%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%8f-fotografiya-%e4%bf%84%e8%af%ad%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87%e4%b8%8e","status":"publish","type":"vocabulary","link":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/zh-hans\/vocabulary\/%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b0-kartina-vs-%d1%84%d0%be%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%84%d0%b8%d1%8f-fotografiya-%e4%bf%84%e8%af%ad%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87%e4%b8%8e\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 (kartina) vs. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f (fotografiya) &#8211; \u4fc4\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u4e0e\u7167\u7247"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4fc4\u8bed\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u8bcd\u6c47\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u56fe\u7247\u548c\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bcd\u662f<b>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>\uff08kartina\uff09\u548c<b>\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b>\uff08fotografiya\uff09\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u533a\u522b\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5b66\u4e60\u4fc4\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4f8b\u53e5\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/h2>\n<p><b>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>\uff08kartina\uff09\u5728\u4fc4\u8bed\u4e2d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u753b\u4f5c\u6216\u827a\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u7528\u7ed8\u753b\u3001\u6cb9\u5f69\u3001\u6c34\u5f69\u7b49\u827a\u672f\u5f62\u5f0f\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6307\u4ee3\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7ed8\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u98ce\u666f\u3001\u573a\u666f\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u042d\u0442\u0430 <b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b> \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0435.<\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c<b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>\u8868\u793a\u6302\u5728\u535a\u7269\u9986\u91cc\u7684\u753b\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6cd5\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u67d0\u4e2a\u60c5\u666f\u6216\u666f\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u666f\u8c61\u201d\u6216\u201c\u573a\u666f\u201d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f <b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044b.<\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u5c55\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u773c\u524d\u7684\u7f8e\u4e3d\u81ea\u7136\u666f\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6d3e\u751f\u8bcd\u6c47<\/h3>\n<p>1. <b>\u0425\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/b>\uff08khudozhnik\uff09<br \/>\n   &#8211; \u753b\u5bb6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7528\u6765\u6307\u4ee3\u521b\u4f5c<b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>\u7684\u4eba\u3002<br \/>\n   &#8211; <font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u041c\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442 &#8211; \u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0439 <b>\u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/b>.<\/font><\/p>\n<p>2. <b>\u041c\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442<\/b>\uff08molbert\uff09<br \/>\n   &#8211; \u753b\u67b6\u3002\u753b\u5bb6\u7528\u6765\u652f\u6491\u753b\u5e03\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<br \/>\n   &#8211; <font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u041d\u0430 <b>\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435<\/b> \u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f <b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>.<\/font><\/p>\n<p>3. <b>\u041f\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430<\/b>\uff08palitra\uff09<br \/>\n   &#8211; \u8c03\u8272\u677f\u3002\u753b\u5bb6\u7528\u6765\u6df7\u5408\u989c\u8272\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<br \/>\n   &#8211; <font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u041d\u0430 <b>\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0435<\/b> \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u044f\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0438.<\/font><\/p>\n<p>4. <b>\u041c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u043e<\/b>\uff08maslo\uff09<br \/>\n   &#8211; \u6cb9\u753b\u989c\u6599\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6cb9\u753b\u521b\u4f5c\u3002<br \/>\n   &#8211; <font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u042d\u0442\u0430 <b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b> \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430 <b>\u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c<\/b>.<\/font><\/p>\n<h2>\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/h2>\n<p><b>\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b>\uff08fotografiya\uff09\u5728\u4fc4\u8bed\u4e2d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7167\u7247\u6216\u6444\u5f71\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u901a\u8fc7\u6444\u5f71\u6280\u672f\u6355\u6349\u5230\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u673a\u62cd\u6444\u7684\u9759\u6b62\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u4e0e<b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c<b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b>\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u673a\u68b0\u6216\u7535\u5b50\u8bbe\u5907\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u0423 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044f <b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b> \u043c\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438.<\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c<b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b>\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u5f20\u6211\u7956\u6bcd\u7684\u8001\u7167\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b>\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6307\u6444\u5f71\u827a\u672f\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u6216\u6444\u5f71\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u041e\u043d \u0443\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f <b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0435\u0439<\/b>.<\/font><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b>\u8868\u793a\u6444\u5f71\u8fd9\u95e8\u827a\u672f\u6216\u7231\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6d3e\u751f\u8bcd\u6c47<\/h3>\n<p>1. <b>\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444<\/b>\uff08fotograf\uff09<br \/>\n   &#8211; \u6444\u5f71\u5e08\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7528\u6765\u6307\u4ee3\u62cd\u6444<b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b>\u7684\u4eba\u3002<br \/>\n   &#8211; <font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u041e\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c <b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043e\u043c<\/b>.<\/font><\/p>\n<p>2. <b>\u041a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/b>\uff08kamera\uff09<br \/>\n   &#8211; \u76f8\u673a\u3002\u7528\u6765\u62cd\u6444<b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b>\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<br \/>\n   &#8211; <font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u0423 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f <b>\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/b>.<\/font><\/p>\n<p>3. <b>\u041f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430<\/b>\uff08plenka\uff09<br \/>\n   &#8211; \u80f6\u5377\u3002\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u6444\u5f71\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002<br \/>\n   &#8211; <font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u042d\u0442\u0438 <b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438<\/b> \u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 <b>\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443<\/b>.<\/font><\/p>\n<p>4. <b>\u0426\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439<\/b>\uff08tsifrovoi\uff09<br \/>\n   &#8211; \u6570\u5b57\u7684\u3002\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u73b0\u4ee3\u6444\u5f71\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u5b57\u76f8\u673a\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u56fe\u50cf\u3002<br \/>\n   &#8211; <font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u042d\u0442\u0430 <b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b> \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 <b>\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e<\/b> \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443.<\/font><\/p>\n<h2>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 vs. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/h2>\n<p>\u867d\u7136<b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>\u548c<b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b>\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002<b>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed8\u753b\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u827a\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u800c<b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b>\u5219\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6444\u5f71\u6280\u672f\u6355\u6349\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u533a\u5206\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1. <font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u041d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044f <b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>.<\/font><br \/>\n   &#8211; \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684<b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u5e45\u65e7\u7684\u7ed8\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. <font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u042f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0451\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0443\u044e <b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044e<\/b> \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439.<\/font><br \/>\n   &#8211; \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684<b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/b>\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u5f20\u8001\u7167\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3. <font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u0425\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 <b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439<\/b>.<\/font><br \/>\n   &#8211; \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684<b>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/b>\u8868\u793a\u753b\u5bb6\u6b63\u5728\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u65b0\u753b\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4. <font color=\"#2D3AC7\">\u041c\u044b \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e <b>\u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0439<\/b> \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435.<\/font><br \/>\n   &#8211; 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