{"id":692331,"date":"2024-06-07T11:47:25","date_gmt":"2024-06-07T11:47:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/vocabulary\/%e5%8d%b0%e5%b0%bc%e8%af%ad%e7%bb%8f%e6%b5%8e%e8%af%8d%e6%b1%87\/"},"modified":"2024-06-07T11:47:25","modified_gmt":"2024-06-07T11:47:25","slug":"%e5%8d%b0%e5%b0%bc%e8%af%ad%e7%bb%8f%e6%b5%8e%e8%af%8d%e6%b1%87","status":"publish","type":"vocabulary","link":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/zh-hans\/vocabulary\/%e5%8d%b0%e5%b0%bc%e8%af%ad%e7%bb%8f%e6%b5%8e%e8%af%8d%e6%b1%87\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5370\u5c3c\u8bed\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bcd\u6c47"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5370\u5c3c\u8bed\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5370\u5c3c\u8bed\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bcd\u6c47\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u5370\u5c3c\u4ece\u4e8b\u5546\u4e1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5370\u5c3c\u8bed\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bcd\u6c47\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4f8b\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u672c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bcd\u6c47<\/h2>\n

Ekonomi<\/b>\uff1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u5730\u533a\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u5206\u914d\u3001\u6d88\u8d39\u7b49\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u603b\u548c\u3002
\nIndonesia<\/a> memiliki ekonomi yang berkembang pesat.<\/font><\/p>\n

Perekonomian<\/b>\uff1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u3002\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002
\nPerekonomian Indonesia sangat bergantung pada sektor pertanian dan pariwisata.<\/font><\/p>\n

Inflasi<\/b>\uff1a\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u3002\u6307\u7269\u4ef7\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u6da8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d27\u5e01\u8d2c\u503c\u3002
\nInflasi di Indonesia mencapai 4% pada tahun ini.<\/font><\/p>\n

Deflasi<\/b>\uff1a\u901a\u8d27\u7d27\u7f29\u3002\u6307\u7269\u4ef7\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d27\u5e01\u5347\u503c\u3002
\nDeflasi dapat menyebabkan penurunan keuntungan perusahaan.<\/font><\/p>\n

PDB (Produk Domestik Bruto)<\/b>\uff1a\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\u3002\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u671f\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u6700\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u4ef7\u503c\u3002
\nPDB Indonesia meningkat sebesar 5% pada kuartal kedua.<\/font><\/p>\n

Pengangguran<\/b>\uff1a\u5931\u4e1a\u3002\u6307\u6709\u52b3\u52a8\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u610f\u613f\u7684\u4eba\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u671f\u5185\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002
\nTingkat pengangguran di Indonesia menurun setelah pandemi.<\/font><\/p>\n

Investasi<\/b>\uff1a\u6295\u8d44\u3002\u6307\u5c06\u8d44\u91d1\u6295\u5165\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6216\u8d44\u4ea7\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u83b7\u5f97\u56de\u62a5\u3002
\nInvestasi asing di Indonesia meningkat pada tahun lalu.<\/font><\/p>\n

Subsidi<\/b>\uff1a\u8865\u8d34\u3002\u6307\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u5546\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5176\u5e02\u573a\u4ef7\u683c\u3002
\nPemerintah memberikan subsidi pada bahan bakar minyak.<\/font><\/p>\n

\u91d1\u878d\u8bcd\u6c47<\/h2>\n

Bank<\/b>\uff1a\u94f6\u884c\u3002\u6307\u63d0\u4f9b\u91d1\u878d\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b58\u6b3e\u3001\u8d37\u6b3e\u3001\u6c47\u6b3e\u7b49\u3002
\nBank Indonesia adalah bank sentral negara ini.<\/font><\/p>\n

Pinjaman<\/b>\uff1a\u8d37\u6b3e\u3002\u6307\u94f6\u884c\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u91d1\u878d\u673a\u6784\u5411\u501f\u6b3e\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u9700\u5728\u672a\u6765\u5f52\u8fd8\u5e76\u652f\u4ed8\u5229\u606f\u3002
\nDia mendapatkan pinjaman dari bank untuk membeli rumah.<\/font><\/p>\n

Bunga<\/b>\uff1a\u5229\u606f\u3002\u6307\u501f\u6b3e\u4eba\u5411\u8d37\u6b3e\u4eba\u652f\u4ed8\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u4f7f\u7528\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u8868\u793a\u3002
\nBunga pinjaman di bank tersebut cukup rendah.<\/font><\/p>\n

Deposito<\/b>\uff1a\u5b58\u6b3e\u3002\u6307\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u4f01\u4e1a\u5c06\u8d44\u91d1\u5b58\u5165\u94f6\u884c\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5229\u606f\u3002
\nDia menempatkan uangnya di deposito berjangka.<\/font><\/p>\n

Valas (Valuta Asing)<\/b>\uff1a\u5916\u6c47\u3002\u6307\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d27\u5e01\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5151\u6362\u5173\u7cfb\u3002
\nPasar valas sangat fluktuatif.<\/font><\/p>\n

Saham<\/b>\uff1a\u80a1\u7968\u3002\u6307\u516c\u53f8\u53d1\u884c\u7684\u7528\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u80a1\u4e1c\u6240\u6301\u80a1\u4efd\u7684\u51ed\u8bc1\u3002
\nDia berinvestasi dalam saham perusahaan teknologi.<\/font><\/p>\n

Obligasi<\/b>\uff1a\u503a\u5238\u3002\u6307\u516c\u53f8\u6216\u653f\u5e9c\u53d1\u884c\u7684\u503a\u52a1\u51ed\u8bc1\uff0c\u8d2d\u4e70\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u5229\u606f\u6536\u5165\u3002
\nObligasi pemerintah biasanya dianggap lebih aman daripada saham.<\/font><\/p>\n

Dividen<\/b>\uff1a\u80a1\u606f\u3002\u6307\u516c\u53f8\u5c06\u5229\u6da6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6309\u80a1\u4efd\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u80a1\u4e1c\u3002
\nPerusahaan tersebut membagikan dividen yang tinggi tahun ini.<\/font><\/p>\n

\u5546\u4e1a\u8bcd\u6c47<\/h2>\n

Bisnis<\/b>\uff1a\u5546\u4e1a\u3002\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u9500\u552e\u5546\u54c1\u6216\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u8d5a\u53d6\u5229\u6da6\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002
\nBisnis online semakin populer di Indonesia.<\/font><\/p>\n

Perusahaan<\/b>\uff1a\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u6307\u4ece\u4e8b\u5546\u4e1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6cd5\u4eba\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002
\nPerusahaan tersebut baru saja meluncurkan produk baru.<\/font><\/p>\n

Keuntungan<\/b>\uff1a\u5229\u6da6\u3002\u6307\u6263\u9664\u6210\u672c\u540e\u7684\u51c0\u6536\u5165\u3002
\nKeuntungan perusahaan meningkat dua kali lipat tahun ini.<\/font><\/p>\n

Kerugian<\/b>\uff1a\u4e8f\u635f\u3002\u6307\u652f\u51fa\u8d85\u8fc7\u6536\u5165\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002
\nPerusahaan tersebut mengalami kerugian besar tahun lalu.<\/font><\/p>\n

Penjualan<\/b>\uff1a\u9500\u552e\u3002\u6307\u5546\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u9500\u552e\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002
\nPenjualan produk elektronik meningkat selama liburan.<\/font><\/p>\n

Pemasaran<\/b>\uff1a\u5e02\u573a\u8425\u9500\u3002\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7814\u3001\u63a8\u5e7f\u7b49\u624b\u6bb5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5546\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u9500\u552e\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002
\nStrategi pemasaran yang baik sangat penting untuk sukses bisnis.<\/font><\/p>\n

Pelanggan<\/b>\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u3002\u6307\u8d2d\u4e70\u5546\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4eba\u6216\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002
\nPerusahaan tersebut sangat fokus pada kepuasan pelanggan.<\/font><\/p>\n

Pasar<\/b>\uff1a\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u6307\u5546\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4e70\u5356\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u573a\u6240\u6216\u9886\u57df\u3002
\nPasar mobil bekas sangat besar di Indonesia.<\/font><\/p>\n

Kompetisi<\/b>\uff1a\u7ade\u4e89\u3002\u6307\u540c\u7c7b\u5546\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e89\u593a\u5e02\u573a\u4efd\u989d\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002
\nKompetisi di sektor teknologi sangat ketat.<\/font><\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u51fa\u53e3\u8bcd\u6c47<\/h2>\n

Ekspor<\/b>\uff1a\u51fa\u53e3\u3002\u6307\u5c06\u56fd\u5185\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u9500\u552e\u5230\u56fd\u5916\u3002
\nIndonesia mengekspor banyak produk pertanian.<\/font><\/p>\n

Impor<\/b>\uff1a\u8fdb\u53e3\u3002\u6307\u4ece\u56fd\u5916\u8d2d\u4e70\u5546\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u3002
\nIndonesia mengimpor banyak barang elektronik dari Tiongkok.<\/font><\/p>\n

Perdagangan<\/b>\uff1a\u8d38\u6613\u3002\u6307\u5546\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4e70\u5356\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u95f4\u7684\u4e70\u5356\u3002
\nPerdagangan antara Indonesia dan Jepang<\/a> sangat kuat.<\/font><\/p>\n

Tarif<\/b>\uff1a\u5173\u7a0e\u3002\u6307\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u8fdb\u53e3\u5546\u54c1\u5f81\u6536\u7684\u7a0e\u6b3e\u3002
\nTarif impor dapat mempengaruhi harga barang di dalam negeri.<\/font><\/p>\n

Bea Cukai<\/b>\uff1a\u6d77\u5173\u3002\u6307\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u76d1\u7763\u8fdb\u51fa\u53e3\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u95e8\u3002
\nBea Cukai<\/a> Indonesia sangat ketat dalam pemeriksaan barang impor.<\/font><\/p>\n

Lisensi<\/b>\uff1a\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u3002\u6307\u653f\u5e9c\u6216\u6743\u5a01\u673a\u6784\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u5141\u8bb8\u67d0\u79cd\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\nPerusahaan tersebut mendapatkan lisensi untuk mengekspor produk mereka.<\/font><\/p>\n

Quota<\/b>\uff1a\u914d\u989d\u3002\u6307\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u67d0\u79cd\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u8fdb\u53e3\u6216\u51fa\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u3002
\nQuota impor beras telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah.<\/font><\/p>\n

Perjanjian Perdagangan<\/b>\uff1a\u8d38\u6613\u534f\u5b9a\u3002\u6307\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u4e8e\u8d38\u6613\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u534f\u8bae\u3002
\nIndonesia menandatangani perjanjian perdagangan bebas dengan Australia<\/a>.<\/font><\/p>\n

\u7a0e\u52a1\u8bcd\u6c47<\/h2>\n

Pajak<\/b>\uff1a\u7a0e\u3002\u6307\u653f\u5e9c\u5411\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u4f01\u4e1a\u5f81\u6536\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u6536\u5165\u3002
\nPajak pendapatan di Indonesia cukup tinggi.<\/font><\/p>\n

Pajak Penghasilan<\/b>\uff1a\u6240\u5f97\u7a0e\u3002\u6307\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u4f01\u4e1a\u6536\u5165\u5f81\u6536\u7684\u7a0e\u6b3e\u3002
\nDia harus membayar pajak penghasilan setiap tahun.<\/font><\/p>\n

Pajak Pertambahan Nilai (PPN)<\/b>\uff1a\u589e\u503c\u7a0e\u3002\u6307\u5bf9\u5546\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u589e\u503c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f81\u6536\u7684\u7a0e\u6b3e\u3002
\nPPN berlaku pada hampir semua barang dan jasa di Indonesia.<\/font><\/p>\n

Pajak Ekspor<\/b>\uff1a\u51fa\u53e3\u7a0e\u3002\u6307\u5bf9\u51fa\u53e3\u5546\u54c1\u5f81\u6536\u7684\u7a0e\u6b3e\u3002
\nPemerintah mengenakan pajak ekspor pada komoditas tertentu.<\/font><\/p>\n

Pajak Impor<\/b>\uff1a\u8fdb\u53e3\u7a0e\u3002\u6307\u5bf9\u8fdb\u53e3\u5546\u54c1\u5f81\u6536\u7684\u7a0e\u6b3e\u3002
\nPajak impor dapat mempengaruhi harga barang di dalam negeri.<\/font><\/p>\n

Penghindaran Pajak<\/b>\uff1a\u907f\u7a0e\u3002\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u6cd5\u624b\u6bb5\u51cf\u5c11\u5e94\u7f34\u7a0e\u6b3e\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002
\nPerusahaan tersebut dituduh melakukan penghindaran pajak.<\/font><\/p>\n

Penggelapan Pajak<\/b>\uff1a\u9003\u7a0e\u3002\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u6cd5\u624b\u6bb5\u51cf\u5c11\u5e94\u7f34\u7a0e\u6b3e\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002
\nDia ditangkap karena penggelapan pajak.<\/font><\/p>\n

Wajib Pajak<\/b>\uff1a\u7eb3\u7a0e\u4eba\u3002\u6307\u4f9d\u6cd5\u5e94\u7f34\u7eb3\u7a0e\u6b3e\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002
\nSetiap warga negara yang memiliki penghasilan wajib menjadi wajib pajak.<\/font><\/p>\n

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