{"id":783587,"date":"2024-06-12T23:41:49","date_gmt":"2024-06-12T23:41:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/vocabulary\/%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b1%d1%8b%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%8c-pribivat-vs-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%85%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-prikhodit-anlander-vs-kommer-pa-ryska\/"},"modified":"2024-06-12T23:41:49","modified_gmt":"2024-06-12T23:41:49","slug":"%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b1%d1%8b%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%8c-pribivat-vs-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%85%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-prikhodit-anlander-vs-kommer-pa-ryska","status":"publish","type":"vocabulary","link":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/sv\/vocabulary\/%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b1%d1%8b%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%8c-pribivat-vs-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%85%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-prikhodit-anlander-vs-kommer-pa-ryska\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c (pribivat’) vs. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c (prikhodit’) – Anl\u00e4nder vs. Kommer p\u00e5 ryska"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00e4r man l\u00e4r sig ryska<\/a> kan man ofta st\u00f6ta p\u00e5 ord som verkar ha samma betydelse men anv\u00e4nds p\u00e5 olika s\u00e4tt beroende p\u00e5 sammanhanget. Tv\u00e5 s\u00e5dana ord \u00e4r \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/b> (pribivat’) och \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> (prikhodit’). B\u00e5da kan \u00f6vers\u00e4ttas till svenska<\/a> som att ”anl\u00e4nda” eller ”komma”, men de anv\u00e4nds p\u00e5 olika s\u00e4tt i ryska spr\u00e5ket. I denna artikel kommer vi att utforska skillnaderna mellan dessa tv\u00e5 ord f\u00f6r att hj\u00e4lpa dig att anv\u00e4nda dem korrekt.<\/p>\n

Grundl\u00e4ggande betydelse<\/h2>\n

L\u00e5t oss<\/a> b\u00f6rja med att titta p\u00e5 den grundl\u00e4ggande betydelsen av dessa tv\u00e5 ord.<\/p>\n

\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/b> (pribivat’) betyder ”att anl\u00e4nda” och anv\u00e4nds ofta i mer formella sammanhang, s\u00e5som n\u00e4r man talar om transportmedel (t\u00e5g, flygplan, fartyg) eller officiella ankomster.<\/p>\n

Exempel:
\n1. \u041f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/b> \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0432 5 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432. (T\u00e5get anl\u00e4nder<\/b> till stationen klockan 5.)
\n2. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/b> \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0443 \u0443\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c. (Flygplanet anl\u00e4nder<\/b> till Moskva p\u00e5 morgonen.)<\/p>\n

\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> (prikhodit’) betyder ocks\u00e5 ”att komma” eller ”att anl\u00e4nda”, men anv\u00e4nds i mer informella sammanhang och handlar ofta om m\u00e4nniskor som kommer till en plats till fots eller p\u00e5 annat s\u00e4tt.<\/p>\n

Exempel:
\n1. \u041e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442<\/b> \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440 \u0432 6. (Han kommer<\/b> hem varje kv\u00e4ll klockan 6.)
\n2. \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442<\/b> \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0432 8. (G\u00e4sterna kommer<\/b> till festen klockan 8.)<\/p>\n

Anv\u00e4ndning i olika kontexter<\/h3>\n

Nu n\u00e4r vi har en grundl\u00e4ggande f\u00f6rst\u00e5else av betydelsen av dessa tv\u00e5 ord, l\u00e5t oss titta n\u00e4rmare p\u00e5 hur de anv\u00e4nds i olika kontexter.<\/p>\n

Transport och formella ankomster<\/h3>\n

Som n\u00e4mnts tidigare anv\u00e4nds \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/b> (pribivat’) ofta n\u00e4r man talar om transportmedel och formella ankomster. Detta inkluderar t\u00e5g, flygplan, fartyg och andra former av kollektivtrafik. Det kan ocks\u00e5 anv\u00e4ndas i mer formella eller officiella sammanhang, s\u00e5som n\u00e4r en dignit\u00e4r eller en h\u00f6gt uppsatt person ankommer.<\/p>\n

Exempel:
\n1. \u041f\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442<\/b> \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0437\u0430\u043b. (Passagerarna anl\u00e4nder<\/b> till stationen.)
\n2. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/b> \u0441 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c. (Presidenten anl\u00e4nder<\/b> p\u00e5 ett officiellt bes\u00f6k.)<\/p>\n

Dagliga aktiviteter och informella ankomster<\/h3>\n

\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> (prikhodit’) anv\u00e4nds oftare i dagliga och informella sammanhang. Det handlar om m\u00e4nniskor som kommer till en plats, oavsett om det \u00e4r hem, arbete, skola eller en social tillst\u00e4llning. Det anv\u00e4nds n\u00e4r man talar om n\u00e5gon som kommer till fots, eller p\u00e5 annat s\u00e4tt, utan att betona transportmedlet.<\/p>\n

Exempel:
\n1. \u0414\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442<\/b> \u0438\u0437 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0432 3 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0430. (Barnen kommer<\/b> fr\u00e5n skolan klockan 3.)
\n2. \u041e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442<\/b> \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0432 9. (Han kommer<\/b> till jobbet varje dag klockan 9.)<\/p>\n

Aspekt och tidsformer<\/h3>\n

I ryska spr\u00e5ket \u00e4r aspekten av ett verb mycket viktig och p\u00e5verkar hur verbet anv\u00e4nds. B\u00e5de \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/b> och \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> \u00e4r imperfektiva verb, vilket inneb\u00e4r att de beskriver en handling som p\u00e5g\u00e5r eller upprepas. Deras perfektiva motsvarigheter \u00e4r \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c<\/b> (pribyt’) och \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0442\u0438<\/b> (priyti’), som beskriver en slutf\u00f6rd handling.<\/p>\n

Exempel:
\n1. \u041f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/b> (imperfektiv) \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044e. (T\u00e5get anl\u00e4nder<\/b> till stationen.)
\n2. \u041f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u043b<\/b> (perfektiv) \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044e. (T\u00e5get har anl\u00e4nt<\/b> till stationen.)
\n3. \u041e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442<\/b> (imperfektiv) \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439. (Han kommer<\/b> hem.)
\n4. \u041e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043b<\/b> (perfektiv) \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439. (Han har kommit<\/b> hem.)<\/p>\n

Vanliga misstag och hur man undviker dem<\/h3>\n

Ett vanligt misstag bland ryskal\u00e4rande \u00e4r att anv\u00e4nda \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/b> och \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> omv\u00e4xlande utan att ta h\u00e4nsyn till kontexten. H\u00e4r \u00e4r n\u00e5gra tips f\u00f6r att undvika detta:<\/p>\n

1. T\u00e4nk p\u00e5 om ankomsten \u00e4r formell eller informell. Anv\u00e4nd \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/b> f\u00f6r formella och transportrelaterade ankomster och \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> f\u00f6r informella och personliga ankomster.
\n2. Var medveten om verbets aspekt. Anv\u00e4nd imperfektiv form f\u00f6r p\u00e5g\u00e5ende eller upprepade handlingar och perfektiv form f\u00f6r slutf\u00f6rda handlingar.
\n3. \u00d6va p\u00e5 att anv\u00e4nda b\u00e5da verben i olika meningar f\u00f6r att bli bekv\u00e4m med deras anv\u00e4ndning.<\/p>\n

Exempel p\u00e5 felaktig anv\u00e4ndning och korrigering:
\n1. Fel: \u041e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/b> \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432 7 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432. (Han anl\u00e4nder<\/b> hem klockan 7.)
\n Korrekt: \u041e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442<\/b> \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432 7 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432. (Han kommer<\/b> hem klockan 7.)<\/p>\n

2. Fel: \u0421\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442<\/b> \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0443 \u0432 10 \u0443\u0442\u0440\u0430. (Flygplanet kommer<\/b> till Moskva klockan 10 p\u00e5 morgonen.)
\n Korrekt: \u0421\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/b> \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0443 \u0432 10 \u0443\u0442\u0440\u0430. (Flygplanet anl\u00e4nder<\/b> till Moskva klockan 10 p\u00e5 morgonen.)<\/p>\n

\u00d6vningar och praktiska exempel<\/h3>\n

F\u00f6r att f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttra din f\u00f6rst\u00e5else och anv\u00e4ndning av \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/b> och \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b>, rekommenderas att du g\u00f6r f\u00f6ljande \u00f6vningar:<\/p>\n

1. Skriv meningar d\u00e4r du anv\u00e4nder b\u00e5de \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/b> och \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> i olika kontexter.
\n2. G\u00f6r en lista \u00f6ver transportmedel och formella ankomster och anv\u00e4nd \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/b> f\u00f6r att beskriva deras ankomst.
\n3. G\u00f6r en lista \u00f6ver dagliga aktiviteter och informella ankomster och anv\u00e4nd \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> f\u00f6r att beskriva deras ankomst.<\/p>\n

\u00d6vningsexempel:
\n1. \u041f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434 ______ (anl\u00e4nder) \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0432 6 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432.
\n2. \u041e\u043d ______ (kommer) \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440.
\n3. \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 ______ (kommer) \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0432 7 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432.
\n4. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442 ______ (anl\u00e4nder) \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0443 \u0443\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n

Genom att g\u00f6ra dessa \u00f6vningar kommer du att bli mer s\u00e4ker p\u00e5 n\u00e4r och hur du ska anv\u00e4nda \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/b> och \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> korrekt.<\/p>\n

Sammanfattning<\/h3>\n

Att f\u00f6rst\u00e5 skillnaderna mellan \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/b> och \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> \u00e4r avg\u00f6rande f\u00f6r att kunna anv\u00e4nda ryska spr\u00e5ket korrekt och effektivt. Genom att komma ih\u00e5g att \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c<\/b> anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r formella och transportrelaterade ankomster och \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/b> f\u00f6r informella och personliga ankomster, samt att ta h\u00e4nsyn till verbets aspekt, kan du undvika vanliga misstag och f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttra din ryska spr\u00e5kkunskap.<\/p>\n

Kom ih\u00e5g att \u00f6vning g\u00f6r m\u00e4stare. Genom att regelbundet \u00f6va p\u00e5 att anv\u00e4nda dessa verb i olika meningar och kontexter kommer du snart att bli mer flytande och s\u00e4ker i din anv\u00e4ndning av ryska. Lycka till med dina studier!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1527728,"template":"","vocabulary_language":[4203],"class_list":["post-783587","vocabulary","type-vocabulary","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","vocabulary_language-ryska"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c (pribivat') vs. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c (prikhodit') - Anl\u00e4nder vs. Kommer p\u00e5 ryska - Talkpal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"N\u00e4r man l\u00e4r sig ryska kan man ofta st\u00f6ta p\u00e5 ord som verkar ha samma betydelse men anv\u00e4nds p\u00e5 olika s\u00e4tt beroende p\u00e5 sammanhanget. 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