{"id":782509,"date":"2024-06-12T22:23:19","date_gmt":"2024-06-12T22:23:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/vocabulary\/%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%be-vs-%d0%b7%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%be-oppet-vs-stangt-pa-makedonska\/"},"modified":"2025-12-26T13:45:59","modified_gmt":"2025-12-26T13:45:59","slug":"%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%be-vs-%d0%b7%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%be-oppet-vs-stangt-pa-makedonska","status":"publish","type":"vocabulary","link":"https:\/\/talkpal.ai\/sv\/vocabulary\/%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%be-vs-%d0%b7%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%be-oppet-vs-stangt-pa-makedonska\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e vs. \u0417\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e – \u00d6ppet vs. st\u00e4ngt p\u00e5 makedonska"},"content":{"rendered":"

I makedonska spr\u00e5ket, precis som i m\u00e5nga andra spr\u00e5k, \u00e4r det viktigt att kunna skilja mellan olika tillst\u00e5nd. Tv\u00e5 mycket grundl\u00e4ggande men viktiga ord som beskriver tillst\u00e5nd \u00e4r \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> (\u00f6ppet) och \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> (st\u00e4ngt). Dessa ord anv\u00e4nds i en m\u00e4ngd olika sammanhang och att f\u00f6rst\u00e5 deras anv\u00e4ndning kan hj\u00e4lpa dig att f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttra din spr\u00e5kkunskap avsev\u00e4rt. I denna artikel kommer vi att utforska dessa tv\u00e5 ord i detalj, deras anv\u00e4ndning i olika sammanhang och n\u00e5gra praktiska exempel f\u00f6r att underl\u00e4tta din f\u00f6rst\u00e5else.<\/p>\n

Betydelsen av \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e och \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/h2>\n

P\u00e5 makedonska betyder \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> ”\u00f6ppet” och \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> ”st\u00e4ngt”. Dessa ord anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att beskriva tillst\u00e5ndet hos platser, saker och \u00e4ven abstrakta koncept. Att kunna anv\u00e4nda dessa ord korrekt \u00e4r grundl\u00e4ggande f\u00f6r att kunna kommunicera effektivt p\u00e5 makedonska.<\/p>\n

Anv\u00e4ndning i olika sammanhang<\/h3>\n

\u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> och \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> anv\u00e4nds i m\u00e5nga olika sammanhang p\u00e5 makedonska. H\u00e4r \u00e4r n\u00e5gra exempel:<\/p>\n

1. Fysiska platser<\/b>: Det mest grundl\u00e4ggande anv\u00e4ndningsomr\u00e5det f\u00f6r dessa ord \u00e4r att beskriva om en plats \u00e4r \u00f6ppen eller st\u00e4ngd. Till exempel:
\n – \u0420\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d.<\/b> (Restaurangen \u00e4r \u00f6ppen.)
\n – \u0420\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d.<\/b> (Restaurangen \u00e4r st\u00e4ngd.)<\/p>\n

2. Fysiska objekt<\/b>: Dessa ord kan ocks\u00e5 anv\u00e4ndas f\u00f6r att beskriva om ett objekt \u00e4r \u00f6ppet eller st\u00e4ngt, som en d\u00f6rr eller ett f\u00f6nster.
\n – \u0412\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430.<\/b> (D\u00f6rren \u00e4r \u00f6ppen.)
\n – \u0412\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430.<\/b> (D\u00f6rren \u00e4r st\u00e4ngd.)<\/p>\n

3. Abstrakta koncept<\/b>: Ibland anv\u00e4nds \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> och \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> f\u00f6r att beskriva abstrakta tillst\u00e5nd, som attityder eller sinnesst\u00e4mningar.
\n – \u0422\u043e\u0458 \u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438.<\/b> (Han \u00e4r \u00f6ppen f\u00f6r nya id\u00e9er.)
\n – \u0422\u0430\u0430 \u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435.<\/b> (Hon \u00e4r st\u00e4ngd inom sig.)<\/p>\n

Grammatiska aspekter<\/h2>\n

N\u00e4r du l\u00e4r dig anv\u00e4nda \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> och \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> \u00e4r det viktigt att f\u00f6rst\u00e5 deras grammatiska egenskaper. P\u00e5 makedonska, som p\u00e5 m\u00e5nga andra spr\u00e5k, b\u00f6js adjektiven beroende p\u00e5 genus och numerus.<\/p>\n

1. Genus<\/b>: P\u00e5 makedonska finns det tre genus: maskulinum, femininum och neutrum. Adjektiven b\u00f6js beroende p\u00e5 substantivets genus. H\u00e4r \u00e4r n\u00e5gra exempel:
\n – Maskulinum: \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d<\/b> (\u00f6ppen), \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d<\/b> (st\u00e4ngd)
\n – \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446\u043e\u0442 \u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d.<\/b> (F\u00f6nstret \u00e4r \u00f6ppet.)
\n – Femininum: \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430<\/b> (\u00f6ppen), \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430<\/b> (st\u00e4ngd)
\n – \u0412\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430.<\/b> (D\u00f6rren \u00e4r \u00f6ppen.)
\n – Neutrum: \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> (\u00f6ppet), \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> (st\u00e4ngt)
\n – \u041f\u0438\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e.<\/b> (Brevet \u00e4r \u00f6ppet.)<\/p>\n

2. Numerus<\/b>: P\u00e5 makedonska, precis som p\u00e5 svenska<\/a>, b\u00f6js adjektiven beroende p\u00e5 om substantivet \u00e4r i singular eller plural.
\n – Singular: \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d<\/b> \/ \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430<\/b> \/ \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b>, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d<\/b> \/ \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430<\/b> \/ \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b>
\n – Plural: \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/b> (\u00f6ppna), \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/b> (st\u00e4ngda)
\n – \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438.<\/b> (F\u00f6nstren \u00e4r \u00f6ppna.)
\n – \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438.<\/b> (F\u00f6nstren \u00e4r st\u00e4ngda.)<\/p>\n

Praktiska exempel<\/h3>\n

F\u00f6r att verkligen f\u00f6rst\u00e5 hur man anv\u00e4nder \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> och \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> i vardagliga samtal, l\u00e5t oss<\/a> titta p\u00e5 n\u00e5gra praktiska exempel:<\/p>\n

1. I aff\u00e4rssammanhang<\/b>:
\n – \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0435 \u043e\u0434 9 \u0434\u043e 17 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0442. \u0412\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430.<\/b> (\u00d6ppettiderna \u00e4r fr\u00e5n 9 till 17. F\u00f6r n\u00e4rvarande \u00e4r butiken \u00f6ppen.)
\n – \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438.<\/b> (Butiken \u00e4r st\u00e4ngd under helgdagar.)<\/p>\n

2. I hemmet<\/b>:
\n – \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c, \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0458\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430.<\/b> (Sn\u00e4lla, l\u00e4mna d\u00f6rren \u00f6ppen.)
\n – \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446\u043e\u0442.<\/b> (Sn\u00e4lla, st\u00e4ng f\u00f6nstret.)<\/p>\n

3. P\u00e5 arbetsplatsen<\/b>:
\n – \u041a\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0434 10 \u0434\u043e 16 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0442.<\/b> (Kontoret \u00e4r \u00f6ppet f\u00f6r kunder fr\u00e5n 10 till 16.)
\n – \u041a\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u045a\u0435.<\/b> (Kontoret \u00e4r st\u00e4ngt f\u00f6r renovering.)<\/p>\n

Vanliga uttryck och fraser<\/h2>\n

Att k\u00e4nna till n\u00e5gra vanliga uttryck och fraser som anv\u00e4nder \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> och \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> kan ocks\u00e5 vara mycket anv\u00e4ndbart. H\u00e4r \u00e4r n\u00e5gra exempel:<\/p>\n

1. \u041e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0443\u043c<\/b> (\u00d6ppet sinne): Detta uttryck anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att beskriva en person som \u00e4r \u00f6ppen f\u00f6r nya id\u00e9er och erfarenheter.
\n – \u0422\u0430\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0443\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0448 \u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438.<\/b> (Hon har ett \u00f6ppet sinne och \u00e4r alltid redo att l\u00e4ra sig nya saker.)<\/p>\n

2. \u0417\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433<\/b> (St\u00e4ngd cirkel): Detta uttryck anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att beskriva en situation d\u00e4r det inte finns n\u00e5gon utv\u00e4g eller l\u00f6sning.
\n – \u0421\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043e\u0453\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0458\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/b> (Vi befinner oss i en st\u00e4ngd cirkel och kan inte hitta en l\u00f6sning.)<\/p>\n

3. \u041e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0446\u0435<\/b> (\u00d6ppet hj\u00e4rta): Detta uttryck anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att beskriva en person som \u00e4r k\u00e4nslosam och \u00f6ppen med sina k\u00e4nslor.
\n – \u0422\u043e\u0458 \u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0446\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u0433\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u043c\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/b> (Han talar med ett \u00f6ppet hj\u00e4rta och \u00e4r inte r\u00e4dd f\u00f6r att visa sina k\u00e4nslor.)<\/p>\n

\u00d6vningar f\u00f6r spr\u00e5kinl\u00e4rning<\/h3>\n

F\u00f6r att f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttra din f\u00f6rst\u00e5else och anv\u00e4ndning av \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> och \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b>, rekommenderar vi att du utf\u00f6r f\u00f6ljande \u00f6vningar:<\/p>\n

1. \u00d6vers\u00e4ttnings\u00f6vningar<\/b>: F\u00f6rs\u00f6k att \u00f6vers\u00e4tta meningar fr\u00e5n svenska till makedonska och vice versa. H\u00e4r \u00e4r n\u00e5gra meningar att b\u00f6rja med:
\n – D\u00f6rren \u00e4r \u00f6ppen.
\n – F\u00f6nstret \u00e4r st\u00e4ngt.
\n – Restaurangen \u00e4r \u00f6ppen till midnatt.
\n – Butiken \u00e4r st\u00e4ngd p\u00e5 s\u00f6ndagar.<\/p>\n

2. Skriv\u00f6vningar<\/b>: Skriv korta ber\u00e4ttelser eller dialoger d\u00e4r du anv\u00e4nder \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> och \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b>. F\u00f6rs\u00f6k att inkludera b\u00e5de fysiska och abstrakta anv\u00e4ndningsomr\u00e5den.<\/p>\n

3. Lyssnings\u00f6vningar<\/b>: Lyssna p\u00e5 makedonska ljudklipp eller videor och identifiera anv\u00e4ndningen av \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> och \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b>. F\u00f6rs\u00f6k att f\u00f6rst\u00e5 sammanhanget och hur dessa ord anv\u00e4nds i olika situationer.<\/p>\n

Sammanfattning<\/h2>\n

Att f\u00f6rst\u00e5 och korrekt anv\u00e4nda orden \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> och \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e<\/b> \u00e4r en grundl\u00e4ggande f\u00e4rdighet i makedonska spr\u00e5ket. Dessa ord anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att beskriva tillst\u00e5nd hos platser, objekt och abstrakta koncept. Genom att l\u00e4ra dig deras grammatiska b\u00f6jningar och praktiska anv\u00e4ndningsomr\u00e5den kan du f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttra din f\u00f6rm\u00e5ga att kommunicera effektivt p\u00e5 makedonska. Vi hoppas att denna artikel har gett dig en b\u00e4ttre f\u00f6rst\u00e5else f\u00f6r dessa viktiga ord och hur du kan anv\u00e4nda dem i ditt dagliga liv. 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